Patients Should Not Be Passive! Creating and Managing Active Virtual Patients in Virtual Clinical Environments

2014 ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Wm Leroy Heinrichs ◽  
Parvati Dev ◽  
Dick Davies
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Patients ◽  
Clinical Environments

Authoring, deploying, and managing dynamic Virtual Patients in Virtual Clinical Environments

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
LeRoy Heinrichs ◽  
Parvati Dev ◽  
Dick Davies
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Clinical Education ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Virtual Patients ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Clinical Environments ◽  
Human Actors

AbstractFollowing their introduction at the beginning of the 21st century, interactive or dynamic Virtual Patients are beginning to be used more widely in clinical education. They can be seen as being at the end of a continuum of simulation technical complexity, having been earlier developed on a wide range of “media”: human actors, paper, video, physical mannequins, etc. This paper focuses on the current emergent more complex Virtual Patients in three-dimensional (3D) immersive clinical environments. In these environments,

8. Interactive virtual patients in immersive clinical environments: The potential for learning

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dick Davies ◽  
Peregrina Arciaga ◽  
Parvati Dev ◽  
Wm LeRoy Heinrichs
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Patients ◽  
Clinical Environments

USE OF CLINICAL EXPOSURE INDEX AND DEVIATION INDEX BASED ON NATIONAL DIAGNOSTIC REFERENCE LEVEL AS DOSE-OPTIMIZATION TOOLS FOR GENERAL RADIOGRAPHY IN KOREA

2020 ◽  
Vol 191 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-451
Author(s):  
Hyemin Park ◽  
Yongsu Yoon ◽  
Jungmin Kim ◽  
Jungsu Kim ◽  
Hoiwoun Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Dose ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Dose Optimization ◽  
International Electrotechnical Commission ◽  
Exposure Index ◽  
Clinical Exposure ◽  
Deviation Index ◽  
Clinical Environments ◽  
Anterior Posterior ◽  
Exposure Conditions

Abstract The International Electrotechnical Commission introduced the concepts of exposure index (EI), target exposure index (EIT) and deviation index (DI) to manage and optimize patient dose in real time. In this study, we have proposed an appropriate method for setting the EIT based on the Korean national diagnostic reference levels (DRLs). Furthermore, we evaluated the use of clinical EI, EIT and DI as tools for patient dose optimization in clinical environments by observing the changes in DI with those in EIT. According to the Korean national exposure conditions, we conducted experiments on three representative radiographic examinations (chest posterior–anterior, lateral and abdomen anterior–posterior) of clinical environments. As the exposure conditions and DRLs varied, the clinical EI, EIT and DI also varied. These results reveal that the clinical EI, EIT and DI can be used as tools for optimizing the patient dose if EIT is periodically and properly updated.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Phytocannabinoids in Epilepsy Treatment: Novel Approaches and Recent Advances

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3993
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Farrelly ◽  
Styliani Vlachou ◽  
Konstantinos Grintzalis
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Undesirable Side Effect ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Epilepsy Treatment ◽  
Clinical Environments

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder mainly characterised by recurrent seizures that affect the entire population diagnosed with the condition. Currently, there is no cure for the disease and a significant proportion of patients have been deemed to have treatment-resistant epilepsy (TRE). A patient is deemed to have TRE if two or more antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) fail to bring about seizure remission. This inefficacy of traditional AEDs, coupled with their undesirable side effect profile, has led to researchers considering alternative forms of treatment. Phytocannabinoids have long served as therapeutics with delta-9-THC (Δ9-THC) receiving extensive focus to determine its therapeutic potential. This focus on Δ9-THC has been to the detriment of analysing the plethora of other phytocannabinoids found in the cannabis plant. The overall aim of this review is to explore other novel phytocannabinoids and their place in epilepsy treatment. The current review intends to achieve this aim via an exploration of the molecular targets underlying the anticonvulsant capabilities of cannabidiol (CBD), cannabidavarin (CBDV), delta-9-tetrahydrocannabivarin (Δ9-THCV) and cannabigerol (CBG). Further, this review will provide an exploration of current pre-clinical and clinical data as it relates to the aforementioned phytocannabinoids and the treatment of epilepsy symptoms. With specific reference to epilepsy in young adult and adolescent populations, the exploration of CBD, CBDV, Δ9-THCV and CBG in both preclinical and clinical environments can guide future research and aid in the further understanding of the role of phytocannabinoids in epilepsy treatment. Currently, much more research is warranted in this area to be conclusive.

scholarly journals Microscopic Analysis of Bacterial Inoculum Effect Using Micropatterned Biochip

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Jung Ho Hwang ◽  
Sang Young Lee ◽  
Jungil Choi
Keyword(s):  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Testing Conditions ◽  
Bacterial Inoculum ◽  
Clinical Environments ◽  
Inoculum Effect

Antimicrobial resistance has become a major problem in public health and clinical environments. Against this background, antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) has become necessary to cure diseases in an appropriate and timely manner as it indicates the necessary concentration of antibiotics. Recently, microfluidic based rapid AST methods using microscopic analysis have been shown to reduce the time needed for the determination of the proper antibiotics. However, owing to the inoculum effect, the accurate measurement of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) is difficult. We tested four standard bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis, against five different antibiotics: piperacillin, cefotaxime, amikacin, levofloxacin, and ampicillin. The results showed that overall, the microfluidic system has a similar inoculum effect compared to the conventional AST method. However, due to the different testing conditions and determination protocols of the growth of the microfluidic based rapid AST, a few results are not identical to the conventional methods using optical density. This result suggests that microfluidic based rapid AST methods require further research on the inoculum effect for practical use in hospitals and can then be used for effective antibiotic prescriptions.

Implications for the Physical Design of the Postnatal Care Unit from a Targeted Analysis of Issues With Accessing the Bathroom at Night in the Acute Setting: A Secondary Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-312
Author(s):  
Varshita Chirumamilla ◽  
Joseph M. Gerard ◽  
Alison E. Sweeney ◽  
Kristin P. Tully ◽  
Alison M. Stuebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Patient Room ◽  
Hospital Visit ◽  
Acute Setting ◽  
Targeted Analysis ◽  
Standard Patient ◽  
Clinical Environments ◽  
Visual Privacy

Assessing hospital environment conditions is necessary for healthcare providers and patients to coordinate safe care. The aims of this research included: a) identifying patterns in hospital visit feedback transcripts regarding bathroom doors and lights in the hospital room and b) interpreting the results to make recommendations for more enabling clinical environments. The methods used by the research team included organizing transcript data, assigning codes, and conducting an interrater reliability test to assess codebook efficacy. Finally, working with maternal and infant mortality experts, recommendations for the hospital were developed. We identified four possible interventions to address barriers: a) implement low-height, dimmable lighting along the base of the patient room, b) provide personal lights, such as penlights, to staff for nighttime assessments, c) install and improve on existing grab bars in patient room bathrooms and d) replace the standard patient room bathroom door with a different kind of auditory/visual privacy barrier.

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