visual privacy
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2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-368
Author(s):  
Rangga Firmansyah ◽  
Nazlina Shaari ◽  
Sumarni Ismail ◽  
Nangkula Utaberta ◽  
Ismar Minang Satotoy Usman

In learning activity processes in Islamic boarding schools, students must study and live in a dormitory. It functions to replace a residential home where the privacy aspect should be taken into consideration. This study aims to observe the privacy aspects closely related to the female students' bedrooms, covering six elements examined in five case studies, including the sex-segregated dormitories, the main function of staying, visual privacy on the dimensions height of the windows, acoustic privacy, and olfactory privacy in terms of the connection between dormitory rooms. It was found that the privacy aspect in the dormitory room still lacked attention due to the addition of space functions and bathroom facilities in it. Meanwhile, adding personal facilities, such as storage and study areas, could enhance the students' privacy. Especially for the type of student bedroom, it is necessary to provide a place for drying clothes by utilizing the balcony area. Besides that, it is required to pay attention to the type, dimensions direction of window openings so that the level of privacy of female students will be more optimal.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-359
Author(s):  
Maysa Abubaker Yousif ◽  
Aniza Abdul Aziz

Visual privacy is one of the vital aspects of Islamic house designs. This paper aimed to analyze the level of visual privacy in the layout of different residential apartment unit samples in Khartoum, Sudan based on Islamic values and Sudanese culture and how modern apartment unit designs respond to these needs. Models included four units from courtyard-villas and two units from apartment buildings. The architectural layout plans, spatial relation, functions, and space zoning were applied to assess the level of visual privacy of each unit. Findings showed that the courtyard-villas had a higher degree of privacy and cultural values, reflecting more of the Sudanese lifestyle than the apartment units, even though the design of the apartment units pays more attention to the nuclear family privacy. This study would assist designers in enhancing the visual privacy in apartment unit layouts by highlighting factors that diminish or enhance the visual privacy level to create appropriate designs for Sudanese Muslims and Muslims in general.


Author(s):  
Jasmine DeHart ◽  
Chenguang Xu ◽  
Christan Grant ◽  
Lisa Egede
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Oe ◽  
K. Saito ◽  
T. Souma ◽  
N. Yoshizawa

In order to examine the effect of the translucent level of each layer on the visual privacy and the view when the window equipment is divided into three sections, the subject experiment was carried out. It was found that “visibility from inside” and “estimated visibility from outside” were proportional to each other regardless of the window equipment condition. The relationship between “visibility from inside” and “estimated visibility from outside” was affected by the shielding position of the window equipment, and it was revealed that the clearer the view from the middle layer, the more privacy could be secured. In addition, it was suggested that opening the lower level of the window rather than the upper level would ensure both privacy and view.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kofi Agyekum ◽  
Elorm Emil Koku Akli-Nartey ◽  
Augustine Senanu Kukah ◽  
Amma Kyewaa Agyekum

PurposeThe excellence in design and greater efficiencies (EDGE) certification system has seen a gradual adoption worldwide, with Ghana having six out of its eight certified green buildings bearing an EDGE certification. However, little is known about occupants’ satisfaction with the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) of EDGE-certified buildings. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the satisfaction of occupants with the IEQ of an EDGE-certified building in Ghana by identifying their perceived performance of the indoor environment relative to their perceived importance.Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted to evaluate the performance of 12 IEQ parameters with the occupants of an EDGE-certified office building. The survey results were evaluated using a gap analysis and both traditional and alternative Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) matrices.FindingsThe findings revealed that noise level, temperature, cleanliness, sound privacy, air quality and humidity were IEQs that required the highest priority for improvement. Daylight and artificial lighting showed no appreciable performance gap. Space layout was adequately satisfied, whereas space size was overly satisfied. Visual privacy and outdoor view were found to require low priority of improvement.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the state-of-the-art of the IEQ of green buildings. It pioneers the research that seeks to examine the IEQ of EDGE-certified buildings. The gap analysis and the IPA were effective in prioritizing the IEQs for improvement action and provided a practical research framework that helped researchers examine the performance of green buildings, thereby giving valuable feedback to policymakers and building owners.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Washington ◽  
Emilie Leblanc ◽  
Kaitlyn Dunlap ◽  
Aaron Kline ◽  
Cezmi Mutlu ◽  
...  

Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) solutions are increasingly considered for telemedicine. For these methods to adapt to the field of behavioral pediatrics, serving children and their families in home settings, it will be crucial to ensure the privacy of the child and parent subjects in the videos. To address this challenge in A.I. for healthcare, we explore the potential for global image transformations to provide privacy while preserving behavioral annotation quality. Crowd workers have previously been shown to reliably annotate behavioral features in unstructured home videos, allowing machine learning classifiers to detect autism using the annotations as input. We evaluate this method with videos altered via pixelation, dense optical flow, and Gaussian blurring. On a balanced test set of 30 videos of children with autism and 30 neurotypical controls, we find that the visual privacy alterations do not drastically alter any individual behavioral annotation at the item level. The AUROC on the evaluation set was 90.0% +/- 7.5% for the unaltered condition, 85.0% +/- 9.0% for pixelation, 85.0% +/- 9.0% for optical flow, and 83.3% +/- 9.3% for blurring, demonstrating that an aggregation of small changes across multiple behavioral questions can collectively result in increased misdiagnosis rates. We also compare crowd answers against clinicians who provided the same annotations on the same videos and find that clinicians are more sensitive to autism-related symptoms. We also find that there is a linear correlation (r=0.75, p<0.0001) between the mean Clinical Global Impression (CGI) score provided by professional clinicians and the corresponding classifier score emitted by the logistic regression classifier with crowd inputs, indicating that the classifier's output probability is a reliable estimate of clinical impression of autism from home videos. A significant correlation is maintained with privacy alterations, indicating that crowd annotations can approximate clinician-provided autism impression from home videos in a privacy-preserved manner.


Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
He Zheng ◽  
Bo Wu ◽  
Heyi Wei ◽  
Jinbiao Yan ◽  
Jianfeng Zhu

With the rapid expansion of high-rise and high-density buildings in urban areas, visual privacy has become one of the major concerns affecting human environmental quality. Evaluation of residents’ visual exposure to outsiders has attracted more attention in the past decades. This paper presents a quantitative indicator; namely, the Potential Visual Exposure Index (PVEI), to assess visual privacy by introducing the damage of potential visual incursion from public spaces and neighborhoods in high-density residences. The method for computing the PVEI mainly consists of three steps: extracting targets and potential observers in a built environment, conducting intervisibility analysis and identifying visible sightlines, and integrating sightlines from building level and ground level to compute the PVEI value of each building opening. To validate the proposed PVEI, a case study with a sample building located at the center of Kowloon, Hong Kong, was evaluated. The results were in accordance with the common-sense notion that lower floors are subjected to poor visual privacy, and privacy is relatively well-preserved in upper floors in a building. However, residents of middle floors may suffer the worst circumstances with respect to visual privacy. The PVEI can be a useful indicator to assess visual privacy and can provide valuable information in architectural design, hotel room selection, and building management.


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