Environmental Interactions of Clays

1998 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Interactions

Genetic and Environmental Interactions Affecting Weaning Weights of Hereford Calves

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 779-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. O. Harwin ◽  
J. S. Brinks ◽  
H. H. Stonaker
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Interactions

Multi-environment evaluation of Spanish bunch groundnut genotypes for fresh seed dormancy

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendra Kumar ◽  
B. C. Ajay ◽  
A. L. Rathnakumar ◽  
T. . Radhakrishnan ◽  
M. C. Dagla1 ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Genetic Stock ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Fresh Seed ◽  
Differential Behavior ◽  
Environmental Interactions ◽  
Crop Maturity

The present study was carried out to evaluate eight promising Spanish bunch groundnut genotypes during four consecutive year (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017) to study genotype × environmental interactions and to identify stable sources of fresh seed dormancy in Spanish background in groundnut. Pooled analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes and genotype × environmental interactions for fresh seed dormancy at weekly intervals indicating that differential behavior of genotypes for fresh seed dormancy over the environmental conditions. Based on the results of intensity and duration of dormancy and germination stability index, identified four stable advanced breeding lines viz., PBS 12192, PBS 12187, PBS 12191 and PBS 12190 having high fresh seed dormancy of three week and two stable advanced breeding lines viz., PBS 12189 and PBS 12171 having high fresh seed dormancy of two week. Therefore, these genotypes can be used as novel genetic stock of fresh seed dormancy in Spanish bunch and they can be integrated into breeding programs to develop high yielding Spanish bunch cultivars with 2-3 weeks of fresh seed dormancy to avoid yield losses due to in-situ germination at the time of crop maturity.

scholarly journals Impacts of COVID-19 on Animals in Zoos: A Longitudinal Multi-Species Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-145
Author(s):  
Ellen Williams ◽  
Anne Carter ◽  
Jessica Rendle ◽  
Samantha J. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Environmental Interactions ◽  
Species Analysis ◽  
Zoo Animals ◽  
Animal Interaction ◽  
Chinese Goral ◽  
Grevy’S Zebra ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Swamp Wallaby

Prolonged and repetitive COVID-19 facility closures have led to an abrupt cessation of visitors within UK and Irish zoos for variable periods since March 2020. This study sought to increase understanding of the impact of closures and reopenings on animal behaviour, thereby broadening understanding of whether zoo animals habituate to visitors. Data were collected from June to August 2020 at two UK facilities on eight species (n = 1 Chinese goral, n = 2 Grevy’s zebra, n = 11 swamp wallaby, n = 2 Rothschild’s giraffe, n = 2 nyala, n = 4 Chapman’s zebra, n = 2 snow leopard and n = 3 Amur leopard). Behaviour change and enclosure use was variable across species but most changes were non-significant. Grevy’s zebra engaged in more comfort behaviour during closure periods than post-closure (p < 0.05). Chinese goral engaged in more environmental interactions during closure periods (p < 0.05). Grevy’s zebra spent longer than would be expected by chance closest to public viewing areas during closure periods (p < 0.008). These results suggest variable impacts of covid-19 closures and reopenings, mirroring human-animal interaction literature. We highlight the potential for some species to take longer to re-habituate to the presence of zoo visitors. As facility closures/reopenings are ongoing, we advocate a longitudinal monitoring approach. Furthermore, we recommend incorporation of physical and physiological measures of welfare where possible, alongside behavioural responses, to enable a holistic approach to answering fundamental questions on whether zoo animals habituate to visitors.

scholarly journals Use of a spatially explicit individual-based model to predict population trajectories and habitat connectivity for a reintroduced ursid

Oryx ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Desiree Andersen ◽  
Yoonjung Yi ◽  
Amaël Borzée ◽  
Kyungmin Kim ◽  
Kwang-Seon Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Environmental Interactions ◽  
Dispersal Capability ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
Mixed Modelling ◽  
Population Equilibrium

Abstract Reintroductions of large carnivore species present unique opportunities to model population dynamics as populations can be monitored from the beginning of a reintroduction. However, analysis of the population dynamics of such reintroduced populations is rare and may be limited in incorporating the complex movements and environmental interactions of large carnivores. Starting in 2004, Asiatic black bears Ursus thibetanus were reintroduced and tracked in the Republic of Korea, along with their descendants, using radio telemetry, yielding 33,924 tracking points over 12 years. Along with information about habitat use, landscape, and resource availability, we estimated the population equilibrium and dispersal capability of the reintroduced population. We used a mixed modelling approach to determine suitable habitat areas, population equilibria for three different resources-based scenarios, and least-cost pathways (i.e. corridors) for dispersal. Our population simulations provided a mean population equilibrium of 64 individuals at the original reintroduction site and a potential maximum of 1,438 individuals in the country. The simulation showed that the bear population will disperse to nearby mountainous areas, but a second reintroduction will be required to fully restore U. thibetanus. Northern suitable habitats are currently disconnected and natural re-population is unlikely to happen unless supported. Our methodologies and findings are also relevant for determining the outcome and trajectories of reintroduced populations of other large carnivores.

scholarly journals Psychological Restoration and the Effect of People in Nature and Urban Scenes: A Laboratory Experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6464
Author(s):  
Chris Neale ◽  
Stephanie Lopez ◽  
Jenny Roe
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Urban Scenes ◽  
Social Wellbeing ◽  
Environmental Interactions ◽  
Social Belonging ◽  
Restorative Environment ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Natural Settings

It is well-evidenced that exposure to natural environments increases psychological restoration as compared to non-natural settings, increasing our ability to recover from stress, low mood, and mental fatigue and encouraging positive social interactions that cultivate social cohesion. However, very few studies have explored how the inclusion of people within a given environment—either urban or natural settings—affect restorative health outcomes. We present three laboratory-based studies examining, first, the effect of nature vs. urban scenes, and second, investigating nature ‘with’ vs. ‘without’ people—using static and moving imagery—on psychological restoration and social wellbeing. Our third study explores differences between urban and natural settings both with vs. without people, using video stimuli to understand potential restorative and social wellbeing effects. Outcome measures across all studies included perceived social belonging, loneliness, subjective mood, and perceived restorativeness. Studies 1 and 2 both used a within group, randomized crossover design. Study 1 (n = 45, mean age = 20.7) explored static imagery of environmental conditions without people; findings were consistent with restorative theories showing a positive effect of nature exposure on all outcome measures. Study 2 compared nature scenes with vs. without people (n = 47, mean age = 20.9) and we found no significant differences on our outcome measures between either social scenario, though both scenarios generated positive wellbeing outcomes. Study 3, conducted on Amazon Mechanical Turk, employed an independent group design with subjects randomly assigned to one of four conditions; an urban vs. nature setting, with vs. without people. We explored the effect of moving imagery on psychological restoration (n = 200, mean age = 35.7) and our findings showed no impact on belonging, loneliness, or mood between conditions, but did show that—regardless of the inclusion of people—the nature settings were more restorative than the urban. There were no differences in psychological restoration between nature conditions with vs. without people. We discuss the implications for restorative environment research exploring social-environmental interactions.

The Rise and Fall of Wiñaymarka: Rethinking Cultural and Environmental Interactions in the Southern Basin of Lake Titicaca

Human Ecology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-145
Author(s):  
Maria C. Bruno ◽  
José M. Capriles ◽  
Christine A. Hastorf ◽  
Sherilyn C. Fritz ◽  
D. Marie Weide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Titicaca ◽  
Southern Basin ◽  
Environmental Interactions

The role of heredity in cancer.

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
E G Levine ◽  
R A King ◽  
C D Bloomfield
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Familial Cancer ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Environmental Interactions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
A Minor

Heredity is generally felt to play a minor role in the development of cancer. This review critically examines this assumption. Topics discussed include evidence for heritable predisposition in animals and humans; the potential importance of genetic-environmental interactions; approaches that are being used to successfully locate genes responsible for heritable predisposition; comparability of genetic findings among heritable and corresponding sporadic malignancies; and future research directions. Breast, colon, and lung cancer are used to exemplify clinical and research activity in familial cancer; clinical phenotypes, segregation and linkage analyses, models for environmental interactions with inherited traits, and molecular mechanisms of tumor development are discussed. We conclude that the contribution of heredity to the cancer burden is greater than generally accepted, and that study of heritable predisposition will continue to reveal carcinogenic mechanisms important to the development of all cancers.

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