IMPETUS West Africa An Integrated Approach to the Efficient Management of Scarce Water Resources in West Africa — Case Studies for Selected River Catchments in Different Climatic Zones

2004 ◽  
pp. 275-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Speth ◽  
M. Christoph
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Scarce Water ◽  
River Catchments

scholarly journals Three MCS Cases Occurring in Different Synoptic Environments in the Sub-Sahelian Wet Zone during the 2002 West African Monsoon

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 2369-2382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon M. Schrage ◽  
Andreas H. Fink ◽  
Volker Ermert ◽  
Epiphane D. Ahlonsou
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
West African Monsoon ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
West African ◽  
Easterly Waves ◽  
Convective Systems ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Mesoscale Convective ◽  
Wet Zone

Abstract Three mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) occurring in the sub-Sahelian wet zone of West Africa are examined using observations from the 2002 Integrated Approach to the Efficient Management of Scarce Water Resources in West Africa (IMPETUS) field campaign, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) operational analyses, and Meteosat infrared imagery. These datasets enable the analysis of the synoptic-scale environment in which the MCSs were embedded, along with a high-resolution monitoring of surface parameters during the systems’ passages. The available data imply that cases I and II were of a squall-type nature. Case I propagated into a moderately sheared and rather moist lower and middle troposphere over the Upper Ouémé Valley (UOV). In contrast, case II was associated with a well-sheared and dry lower troposphere and a large, moist instability. In either case, behind the convective cluster a westward-propagating cyclonic vorticity maximum that was likely captured by the ECMWF analysis as a result of the special upper-air station at Parakou (Benin). In case I, the fast-moving vorticity signal slowed down over the Guinean Highlands where convection dissipated. Farther downstream, it might have played a role in the consolidation of an African easterly waves (AEW) trough over the West African coast and the eastern Atlantic. Case III proved to be a more stationary pattern of convection associated with a vortex in the monsoon flow. It also exhibited a moist and low shear environment.

Part III The Major Cases and Controversies: A Survey of State Practice, 7 Selected Case Studies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
McCaffrey Stephen C
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
National Interest ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
State Practice ◽  
Scarce Water

This chapter provides descriptions of past or present controversies between states concerning non-navigational uses of international watercourses. Some of the controversies considered have been settled while others are ongoing and show no signs of an imminent resolution. Eight of the eighteen drainage basins examined are now governed by treaties dealing with the problem that gave rise to the dispute in question. In all of the cases reviewed, the disputes were matters of high national interest, engaging the attention of government officials, diplomats, and scholars alike. Indeed, several of the controversies were brought before the United Nations, usually with good effect. Ultimately, some of the basins will probably receive increasing international attention as expanding populations, climate change, and upstream development efforts combine to place further demands on already scarce water resources.

Methodical approaches to managing economic safety of tourism enterprises

2020 ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
Leonid Tsubov ◽  
Oresta Shcherban
Keyword(s):  
Safety Management ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Tourism Enterprises ◽  
High Level ◽  
Functional Components ◽  
Stimulation Control

The set of scientific-methodological tools to secure the mechanism of economic safety management of tourism entrepreneurship is examined as an aggregate of methods, tools, and conceptual activities directed at maintaining the high level of economic safety of tourism entrepreneurship. The features of managing the tourism enterprise and economic safety are analyzed. The basic valuation principles of the reliability and efficiency of the economic safety of the tourism enterprise are determined. The basic tasks of ensuring the economic safety of a small enterprise are outlined. The need to use the integrated approach that secures more opportunities to avoid threats and limits the danger of their emergence is emphasized. The most important principles for securing the economic safety of the tourism enterprise on the microeconomic level are described. Possible practical methods of risk management for the implementation of adopted decisions are proposed. The paper proves the fact that the complex nature of the management of the economic safety of the tourism enterprise and securing the sufficiently efficient management system of detecting and eliminating the threats are provided by the establishment of the management of the economic safety system of the tourism enterprise and its functional components. Research of the methodical approaches to the management of the tourism enterprises’ economic safety allows building and describing the functional structure of the mechanism of management of the tourist enterprise’s economic safety (it is formalized and described by 5 functions: determination of aims; planning; organization and adjusting; motivation and stimulation; control and monitoring).

Mitigating Conflicts Over Scarce Water Resources in the Highland-Lowland System of Mount Kenya

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urs Wiesmann ◽  
Francis N. Gichuki ◽  
Boniface P. Kiteme ◽  
Hanspeter Liniger
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Scarce Water

Knowledge Management: Case Studies in SMEs and Evaluation of an Integrated Approach

2005 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 95-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuan Yew Wong ◽  
Elaine Aspinwall
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Integrated Framework ◽  
Implementation Effort ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Way

To date, very few publications have been found that describe how small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are adopting knowledge management (KM). The same is true concerning attempts to develop a framework to help them implement it. To redress this, this paper presents the results of four case studies conducted in UK SMEs to examine their KM implementation effort. In addition, a new integrated framework developed by the authors was evaluated to determine its applicability in this business sector. The methodology employed to conduct the studies is described and each of the cases is then presented. The results are analysed and key lessons or findings gathered from the companies are highlighted. Comments received from the companies with respect to the integrated framework were positive and favourable. It is hoped that the information accrued from the case studies, together with the integrated framework, will help to pave the way for SMEs to accomplish KM.

scholarly journals Determining regional limits and sectoral constraints for water use

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 4039-4052 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Lissner ◽  
C. A. Sullivan ◽  
D. E. Reusser ◽  
J. P. Kropp
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Water Volumes ◽  
Main Determinants

Abstract. Water is an essential input to the majority of human activities. Often, access to sufficient water resources is limited by quality and infrastructure aspects, rather than by resource availability alone, and each activity has different requirements regarding the nature of these aspects. This paper develops an integrated approach to assess the adequacy of water resources for the three major water users: the domestic, agricultural and industrial sectors. Additionally, we include environmental water requirements. We first outline the main determinants of water adequacy for each sector. Subsequently, we present an integrated approach using fuzzy logic, which allows assessing sector-specific as well as overall water adequacy. We implement the approach in two case study settings to exemplify the main features of the approach. Using results from two climate models and two forcing RCPs (representative concentration pathways), as well as population projections, we further assess the impacts of climate change in combination with population growth on the adequacy of water resources. The results provide an important step forward in determining the most relevant factors, impeding adequate access to water, which remains an important challenge in many regions of the world. The methodology allows one to directly identify the factors that are most decisive in determining the adequacy of water in each region, pointing towards the most efficient intervention points to improve conditions. Our findings underline the fact that, in addition to water volumes, water quality is a limitation for all sectors and, especially for the environmental sector, high levels of pollution are a threat to water adequacy.

Could lean and green be the driver to integrate business improvement throughout the organisation?

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Chaplin ◽  
Simon T.J. O’Rourke
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Thick Description ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Lean And Green ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Multiple Case Studies

Purpose It seems to be the consensus (Zhang et al., 2012; George et al., 2003; Arumugam et al., 2013) that Lean Six Sigma (LSS) has become a beneficial improvement initiative used in a variety of industries. There is a move towards integrating any high-level business improvement methods holistically throughout the whole organisation. Indeed, Hoerl (2014) explored the idea that when using LSS for business improvement, the programme should engage the whole organisation in much the same way as the financial function is present throughout each department. The purpose of this paper is to posit that using the lean and green agenda may be the driver to achieve integration. Design/methodology/approach The research adopted a subjective ontological perspective with the researcher using participant observation as the main research instrument. Denzin and Lincoln (2005) note that it is now common for scholars to argue that the only relevant data are those based upon the personal experience of the researcher; this served as an informing foundation for the approach for the exploration of the topic. Based on multiple case studies, chosen because they operate in different sectors, the paper adopted an extended case method (Burawoy, 1998) to analyse and gather the research. The organisations were chosen because they both were at a similar stage in their continuous improvement (CI) journey. The main reasoning behind the selection of the two different organisations is to reach “Thick Description” (Geertz, 1973, p. 3, 2001). Findings The findings suggest that there are still significant benefits of implementing a large-scale lean agenda in particular when using an LSS methodology. The paper finds that there are also significant gaps in achieving full integration within the organisation and argues that lean and CI are still the remit of the operations manager. The document goes on to argue that if the CI initiative is driven by the corporate social responsibility (CSR) plan, then any lean/lean green implementation will enable the company to drive CI integration with all stakeholders. Research limitations/implications The research has implications for those responsible for the CSR function within the organisation and the operations manager who is charged with implementing any lean/lean and green CI. Practical implications The paper argues that the lean and green agenda can drive integration of any CI activity throughout the organisation and suggests that the way this can be achieved is any CI activity that is included in the wider CSR plan. Social implications This paper contributes to the “lean and green” agenda and offers a solution for the problem of integrating LSS activities throughout the whole organisation by placing CI and LSS within the CSR remit. Originality/value There is little consensus how this holistic integrated approach should be implemented by the company. This research uses multiple case studies to critically examine the application of LSS as an improvement programme within two large UK-based organisations, each company operating in very different industry sectors to identify the benefits of LSS but also the missed “green/societal” opportunities and argues that if any lean and lean and green agenda is to be holistically adopted, then any CI activity should be driven by the CSR department.

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