The Myth of Solid Posterior Lateral Fusion

1993 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
James Zucherman ◽  
Steven Brack ◽  
Ken Y. Hsu ◽  
William Shea
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Fusion

Initiation, Development and Anatomy of Lignotubers in Some Species of Eucalyptus

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 415 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Carr ◽  
R Jahnke ◽  
SGM Carr
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Stem Growth ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Alternative Pathways ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Initial Survey ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Lateral Fusion ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

An initial survey of the diversity of early lignotuber development in Eucalyptus and an analytical study of the anatomy of young lignotubers and the seedling stem are presented. Studies of the early stages of the morphological development of the lignotuber in 13 species, representative of five taxonomic groups, resulted in the recognition of four modes of lignotuber initiation. The importance to lignotuber formation of the presence of a suite of accessory buds, adaxial to the axillary bud, is emphasized but lignotuber initiation is not in all cases associated with these buds. Lignotuber buds are derived by branching from existing buds, ultimately from the accessory buds of the node. Following its initiation, the possibilities of later morphological development of the lignotuber are discussed. Lignotuber growth may dominate over stem growth and the lignotubers at a node may then fuse laterally to encircle the stem. Stem growth, on the other hand, may dominate over lignotuber growth and the lignotuber then appears to regress. The consequences for the growth habit of the plant of these alternative pathways of development are outlined. The wood of young lignotubers (and that of the swollen hypocotyl) is shown to be different in composition and in the sizes of its elements from that of seedling stem wood; these differences owe their origin to differences in the nature and performance of the cambia of the lignotuber and stem. In lateral fusion of the lignotubers at a node, and their upward and downwards extension over the stem, e.g. over the hypocotyl, stem cambial initials are either progressively lost or, more likely, converted to lignotuber-type initials. The possibility of the reverse process occumng in stem dominance is discussed.

scholarly journals A prospective study on surgical management of lumbar spondylolisthesis with pedicle screw fixation and posterolateral fusion

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 1113
Author(s):  
Bhanu Prabha Tattari ◽  
Vamshi Varenya Nimmagadda ◽  
Johorul Islam Tapadar
Keyword(s):  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Pedicle Screws ◽  
Pedicle Screw Fixation ◽  
Posterolateral Fusion ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Lateral Fusion ◽  
Lumbar Spondylolisthesis ◽  
A Prospective Study

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Spondylolisthesis is a subluxation of vertebral body over another in sagittal plane. Incidence of Spondylolisthesis in general population is 5-7%. No matter what the etiology is, patients usually have significant functional disability. Few studies have investigated the long term effect of pedicle screws fixation and posterolateral fusion on functional outcome. Objectives of this study were assessment of lumbar spondylolisthesis, the results of posterolateral fusion using autogenous bone graft from iliac crest and stabilization by pedicle screws fixation systemand to evaluate the clinical and radiological assessment of symptoms improvement and fusion rates of this procedure and functional outcome.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">A total of 30 patients of lumbar spondylolisthesis who are operated upon with posterior stabilization using Pedicle Screws fixation and postero lateral fusion satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria and followed up between February 2015 and January 2017</span>.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The study included 30 patients; aged between 21 to 60 yrs with a mean age of 46 yrs. Average follow up was 17 months. Functional outcome assessment with Kirkadly-Willis criteria showed 90% of excellent to good outcome. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">We found in our study that posterolateral fusion with Pedicle Screws fixation minimizes dislocation, achieves adequate decompression, corrects the sagittal axis, and accomplishes fusion. We successfully achieved solid fusion with good mechanical alignment in majority of the patients.</span></p>

Nanoribbons or Weakly Connected Acenes? The Influence of Pyrene Insertion on Linearly Extended Ring Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianxiang Ai ◽  
Tanner Smith ◽  
A.D. Thilanga Liyanage ◽  
Samuel Mazza ◽  
Sean R. Parkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Stability ◽  
System Size ◽  
Conjugated Molecules ◽  
Ring Systems ◽  
Benzene Rings ◽  
Lateral Fusion

Derived from the lateral fusion of benzene rings, acenes are a class of π-conjugated molecules containing a single aromatic sextet, where system size is inversely correlated with chemical stability. In...

scholarly journals Fertilization in the cestode Echinococcus multilocularis (Cyclophyllidea, Taeniidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdzisław Świderski ◽  
Jordi Miquel ◽  
Samira Azzouz-Maache ◽  
Anne-Françoise Pétavy
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Sperm Nucleus ◽  
Cortical Granules ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Perinuclear Cytoplasm ◽  
Female Pronucleus ◽  
Lateral Fusion ◽  
Means Of Transmission

AbstractFertilization in the taeniid cestode Echinococcus multilocularis with uniflagellate spermatozoa was examined by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Fertilization in this species occurs in the oviduct lumen or in the fertilization canal proximal to the ootype, where the formation of the embryonic capsule precludes sperm contact with the oocytes. Cortical granules are not present in the cytoplasm of the oocytes of this species, however, several large bodies containing granular material where frequently observed. Spermatozoa coil spirally around the oocytes and syngamy occurs by lateral fusion of oocyte and sperm plasma membranes. In the ootype, one vitellocyte associates with fertilized oocyte, forming a membranous capsule which encloses both cell types. In this stage, the spirally coiled sperm body adheres partly to the external oocyte surface, and partially enters into the perinuclear cytoplasm. The electron-dense sperm nucleus becomes progressively electron-lucent within the oocyte cytoplasm after penetration. Simultaneously with chromatin decondensation, the elongated sperm pronucleus changes shape, forming a spherical male pronucleus, which attains the size of the female pronucleus. Cleavage begins immediately after pronuclear fusion.

scholarly journals Effects of Netarsudil on Actin-Driven Cellular Functions in Normal and Glaucomatous Trabecular Meshwork Cells: A Live Imaging Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3524
Author(s):  
Kate E. Keller ◽  
Casey Kopczynski
Keyword(s):  
Trabecular Meshwork ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Stress Fibers ◽  
Actin Dynamics ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Tunneling Nanotubes ◽  
Trabecular Meshwork Cells ◽  
Lateral Fusion ◽  
Actin Stress Fibers

The actin cytoskeleton of trabecular meshwork (TM) cells is a therapeutic target for lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma patients. Netarsudil (the active ingredient in RhopressaTM) is a Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor that induces disassembly of actin stress fibers. Here, we used live cell imaging of SiR-actin-labeled normal (NTM) and glaucomatous TM (GTM) cells to investigate actin dynamics during actin-driven biological processes with and without netarsudil treatment. Actin stress fibers were thicker in GTM than NTM cells and took longer (>120 min) to disassemble following addition of 1 µM netarsudil. Actin-rich extracellular vesicles (EVs) were derived by two mechanisms: exocytosis of intracellular-derived vesicles, and cleavage of filopodial tips, which detached the filopodia from the substratum, allowing them to retract to the cell body. While some phagocytosis was noted in untreated TM cells, netarsudil potently stimulated phagocytic uptake of EVs. Netarsudil treatment induced lateral fusion of tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) that connected adjacent TM cells; TNTs are important for TM cellular communication. Together, our results suggest that netarsudil may clear outflow channels in TM tissue by inducing phagocytosis and/or by modulating TM communication via EVs and TNTs. These cellular functions likely work together to regulate IOP in normal and glaucomatous TM.

scholarly journals Lateral Fusion of the Lumbar and Lumbosacral Spine

1979 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
H. Itakura ◽  
T. Tamura ◽  
S. Fujikawa ◽  
Y. Ohata ◽  
H. Kotani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbosacral Spine ◽  
Lateral Fusion

scholarly journals The use of platelet gel in postero-lateral fusion: preliminary results in a series of 14 cases

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (S1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Landi ◽  
R. Tarantino ◽  
N. Marotta ◽  
A. G. Ruggeri ◽  
M. Domenicucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Gel ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Lateral Fusion

scholarly journals Cessation of contraction induces cardiomyocyte remodeling during zebrafish cardiogenesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (3) ◽  
pp. H382-H395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingchun Yang ◽  
Katherine A. Hartjes ◽  
Timothy J. Nelson ◽  
Xiaolei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Heart Development ◽  
Myosin Ii ◽  
Cardiac Contraction ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
In Vivo Animal Model ◽  
Lateral Fusion ◽  
Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase

Contraction regulates heart development via a complex mechanotransduction process controlled by various mechanical forces. Here, we exploit zebrafish embryos as an in vivo animal model to discern the contribution from different mechanical forces and identify the underlying mechanotransductive signaling pathways of cardiogenesis. We treated 2 days postfertilization zebrafish embryos with Blebbistatin, a myosin II inhibitor, to stop cardiac contraction, which induces a response termed cessation of contraction-induced cardiomyocyte (CM) enlargement (CCE). Accompanying the CCE, lateral fusion of myofibrils was attenuated within CMs. The CCE can be blunted by loss of blood in tail-docked zebrafish but not in cloche mutant fish, suggesting that transmural pressure rather than shear stress is accountable for the chamber enlargement. By screening a panel of small molecule inhibitors, our data suggested essential functions of phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling and protein synthesis in CCE, which are independent of the sarcomere integrity. In summary, we defined a unique CCE response in genetically tractable zebrafish embryos. A panel of assays was established to verify the contribution from extrinsic forces and interrogate underlying signaling pathways.

scholarly journals Results of Postero-Lateral Fusion with Local Bone for Lumbar Degenerative Disease

2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Kohashi ◽  
Komei Matsuura ◽  
Eiichi Ishitani ◽  
Kunichika Shin ◽  
Sachio Masuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degenerative Disease ◽  
Lumbar Degenerative Disease ◽  
Local Bone ◽  
Lateral Fusion

scholarly journals LOOSE FLOWER, aWUSCHEL-like Homeobox gene, is required for lateral fusion of floral organs inMedicago truncatula

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifang Niu ◽  
Hao Lin ◽  
Fei Zhang ◽  
Tezera W. Watira ◽  
Guifen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Homeobox Gene ◽  
Floral Organs ◽  
Lateral Fusion
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