Geogenic Contamination and Technologies for Safe Drinking Water Supply

2017 ◽  
pp. 81-95
Author(s):  
Narayan C. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Safe Drinking Water

scholarly journals Evaluation of Indicators for Cyanobacterial Risk in 108 Temperate Lakes Using 23 Years of Environmental Monitoring Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
JING LI ◽  
Kenenth M Person ◽  
Heidi Pekar ◽  
Daniel Jansson
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Monitoring Strategies ◽  
Level 1

Abstract Background: Cyanobacterial blooms are of increasing concern for drinking water supply. Cyanobacterial risk in 108 temperate freshwater lakes were examined for drinking water supply. Results: In Sweden, a survey among drinking water producers showed that the sense of urgency was little. At 60 % of the Swedish drinking water treatment plants, operators lacked monitoring strategies. The study shows that blooms can produce a variety of toxins such as anatoxins, cylindrospermopsins, microcystins and saxitoxins. We confirmed the anthropogenic activities’ impact on cyanobacterial risk and evaluated that total phosphorus (TP) concentration can be used to indicate cyanobacterial risk by applying non-linear quantile regression for 108 Swedish monitoring lakes.Conclusion: We suggest that TP concentration should be investigated thoroughly to provide important knowledge which can be used to set nutrient targets to sustain safe drinking water supply and recreational services.TP should be targeted lower than 15 μg L-1, allowing 10 % exceedance of WHO Drinking Water Alert Level 1.

scholarly journals Application of the Kilimanjaro Concept in Reversing Seawater Intrusion and Securing Water Supply in Zanzibar, Tanzania

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2085
Author(s):  
Zuleikha Pembe-Ali ◽  
Tulinave Burton Mwamila ◽  
Mesia Lufingo ◽  
Willis Gwenzi ◽  
Janeth Marwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Salinity Levels

There is escalating salinity levels on small islands due to uncontrolled groundwater extraction. Conventionally, this challenge is addressed by adopting optimal groundwater pumping strategies. Currently, on Unguja Island (Zanzibar), urban freshwater is supplied by desalination, which is expensive and energy-intensive. Hence, desalinization cannot be afforded by rural communities. This study demonstrates that the innovative Kilimanjaro Concept (KC), based on rainwater harvesting (RWH) can remediate seawater intrusion in Unguja, while enabling a universal safe drinking water supply. The reasoning is rooted in the water balance of the whole island. It is shown that if rainwater is systematically harvested, quantitatively stored, and partly infiltrated, seawater intrusion will be reversed, and a universal safe drinking water supply will be secured. Water treatment with affordable technologies (e.g., filtration and adsorption) is suggested. The universality of KC and its suitability for small islands is demonstrated. Future research should focus on pilot testing of this concept on Unguja Island and other island nations.

scholarly journals Household Water Filtration Technology to Ensure Safe Drinking Water Supply in the Langat River Basin, Malaysia

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1032
Author(s):  
Minhaz Farid Ahmed ◽  
Mazlin Bin Mokhtar ◽  
Nuriah Abd Majid
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Water Filtration ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Langat River

Populations in the Langat River Basin, Malaysia, frequently experience water supply disruption due to the shutdown of water treatment plants (WTPs) mainly from the chemical pollution as well as point and non-point sources of pollution. Therefore, this study investigated the aluminium (Al), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) concentrations in the drinking water supply chain at the basin because of its prolonged persistence and toxic characteristics in the aquatic environment. Three replicates of water samples were collected from the river, outlets of WTPs, household tap and filtered water, respectively, in 2015, for analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Higher concentration of these metals was found in household tap water than in the treated water at the WTPs; however, the concentration of these metals at the four stages of the drinking water supply chain conformed to the drinking water quality standard set by the World Health Organization. The Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests also found that metal concentration removal significantly varied among the eight WTPs as well as the five types of household water filtration systems. With regards to the investigated household filtered water, the distilled filtration system was found to be more effective in removing metal concentration because of better management. Therefore, a two-layer water filtration system could be introduced in the Langat River Basin to obtain safe drinking water supply at the household level.

The Urgent Need for Environmental Sanitation and a Safe Drinking Water Supply in Mbandjock, Cameroon

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. Tchounwou ◽  
D. M. Lantum ◽  
A. Monkiedje ◽  
I. Takougang ◽  
Ph. Barbazan
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Environmental Sanitation
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