Women’s Decision-Making Autonomy and Their Nutritional Status in Ethiopia: Socio-Cultural Linking of Two MDGs

2010 ◽  
pp. 105-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibeltal Tebekaw
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Nutritional Status

scholarly journals 315 Cardiac surgery in the elderly: the underestimate role of frailty in the decision making

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_G) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasquale Campana ◽  
Maddalena Conte ◽  
Maria Emiliana Palaia ◽  
Laura Petraglia ◽  
Adele Ferro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Surgical Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aims Elders represent the most common population with indication to cardiac surgery, also presenting the highest mortality/disability after interventions. Both for valve and coronary artery surgery the estimation of the surgical risk, including the frailty assessment, is recommended to guide the decision making. However, frailty results not exhaustively assessed by the commonly used surgical risk scores such as EuroSCORE I-II and score of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons and is mostly used the Kat’s Index (included in the latest European guidelines). This study aims at establishing the feasibility and the value of a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) in elderly undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods From June 2021we consecutively enrolled 50 elderly patients undergoing cardiac surgery (age > 65 years old). All patients underwent CGA with an expert geriatrician and the demographic, biometrics, clinical and echocardiographic data were collected. We evaluated frailty and disability (Kats index, Barthel Index and Frailty Index FI), cognitive status (Montreal Cognitive Assessment MOCA, Mini Mental State Examination MMSE and Geriatric Depression Scale), physical status (Tinetti test, Short Performance Physical Battery SPPB, Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly PASE and 6-min Walking test), delirium condition, sarcopenia and nutritional status (Mini-Nutritional Assessment MNA). A clinical, echocardiographic, and geriatric 3-month follow-up is planned. In particular, we are evaluating the impact of frailty, assessed by CGA, on peri-surgical outcome and the potential additive value of a CGA on the commonly used surgical risk-scores and Kat’s Index. Furthermore, we are assessing the impact of cardiac surgery of frail elderly at GCA. Results The CGA was feasible in all patients and lasted 1 h/patient. In our baseline data, only 23% of the enrolled patients resulted ‘frail’ according to Kat’s Index. However, in the remaining 77% of the study population, the CGA have identified 30% of patients with increased frailty index and 30% with disability, assessed by Barthel Index and physical function indexes (PASE and SPPB). In these patient, frailty and disability were associated to impaired nutritional status, assessed at MNA. Furthermore, 40% of the patients of this group resulted sarcopenic at the hand grip test. The cognitive valuation has shown a cognitive impairment in the 20% of patients at the MMSE and the 70 % at the MOCA. Of note, the 40% of the patients resulted to suffer of depression, not diagnosed before the GCA. At mid-November 2021 the follow-up will be completed. Conclusions The preliminary results of the presents study suggest that in patients undergoing cardiac surgery frailty is currently underdiagnosed. The follow-up analysis will establish if a CGA has an additive value on common surgical risk estimators. This study has a potential impact on the risk stratification of elderly patients undergoing invasive procedures and defines the need of a geriatrician in the heart team.

Nutrition-Related Clinical Decision Making of Pediatric Oncology Nurses

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 352-360
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Lulloff ◽  
Judith A. Vessey ◽  
Lisa Bashore ◽  
Matt Gregas
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Pediatric Oncology ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Oncology Nurses ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Pediatric Hematology

Children with a cancer diagnosis have risk factors leading to unique nutritional challenges. Malnutrition in this population is correlated with worse patient outcomes. Nurses are responsible for providing holistic care to their patients; however, the quality of nutritional assessments by pediatric oncology nurses is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate staff nurses’ clinical decision making regarding nutritional assessment of children with cancer. A web-based survey composed of a demographic form, vignettes of patients with diverse nutritional status and the New General Self-Efficacy Scale, was distributed to members of the Association of Pediatric Hematology Oncology Nurses. Participants were also asked to rate their confidence in responses as well as select key nutritional cues. Nurses were significantly more likely to under-rate the nutritional status and select far fewer cues than the experts. Further research regarding nutritional assessment is warranted. Evidenced-based guidelines for nutritional assessment of children with cancer should be developed to ensure the highest quality of care is provided to this patient population.

Assessment of Nutritional Status among University Hostelite Girls in Lahore City

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
OJS Admin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Lahore City

Nutritional assessment is a well ordered process of collection and interpretation of data for decision making about the cause and the nature of nutrition related problems that has bad effect on the person'shealth.

scholarly journals The Effect of “Women’s Empowerment” on Child Nutritional Status in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awaisra Shafiq ◽  
Abid Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Jinsoo Hwang ◽  
Arif Jameel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Child Malnutrition

Women’s empowerment in terms of both involvements in employment activities and with decision-making about household activities is the most evident factors that can affect the nutritional and health status of their children. This paper investigates the effect of women’s empowerment (WE) on children’s nutritional (CN) status in Pakistan. The Pakistan demographic health survey (PDHS 2012-13) cross-sectional data was used to analyze the impacts of WE on child malnutrition. The composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) was used as a dependent variable to measure the children’s nutritional status, and the wealth index household size. The number of children in a house and indicators of women empowerment, which included the mother’s education, employment status, and the household decision-making, were used as the independent variables. The method of binary logistic regression with marginal effects was used for the empirical analysis of the results. The results of the study showed the indicators of women’s empowerment, such as the education of the mother and employment status had a negative relationship with child malnutrition. Women’s decision-making about the visits to family, which is an indicator of WE, had an insignificant effect on CN. Similarly, socioeconomic status, which included the wealth index, also caused a reduction in child malnutrition. In addition, an increase in household size had a positive and significant relation to child malnutrition. Women are the primary caretakers of children in the household, and their intra-household dynamics affect the well-being of individuals. The empowerment of women acts as a means to enhance children’s nutritional status, which causes important developmental outcomes.

scholarly journals Undernutrition and its determinants among adolescent girls in low land area of Southern Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0240677
Author(s):  
Yoseph Halala Handiso ◽  
Tefera Belachew ◽  
Cherinet Abuye ◽  
Abdulhalik Workicho ◽  
Kaleab Baye
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Health Extension Workers ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Nutrition Services

Background Undernutrition is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among adolescent girls worldwide, especially in South-East Asia and Africa. Even though adolescence is a window of opportunity to break the intergenerational cycle of undernutrition, adolescent girls are a neglected group. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status and associated factors among adolescent girls in the Wolaita and Hadiya zones of Southern Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted, and a multistage random sampling method was used to select a sample of 843 adolescent girls. Anthropometric measurements were collected from all participants and entered in the WHO Anthro plus software for Z-score analysis. The data was analyzed using EPI-data 4.4.2 and SPSS version 21.0. The odds ratios for logistic regression along with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were generated. A P-value < 0.05 was declared as the level of statistical significance. Result Thinness (27.5%) and stunting (8.8%) are found to be public health problems in the study area. Age [AOR(adjusted odds ratio) (95% CI) = 2.91 (2.03–4.173)], large family size [AOR (95% CI) = 1.63(1.105–2.396)], low monthly income [AOR (95% CI) = 2.54(1.66–3.87)], not taking deworming tablets [AOR (95% CI) = 1.56(1.11–21)], low educational status of the father [AOR (95% CI) = 2.45(1.02–5.86)], the source of food for the family only from market [AOR (95% CI) = 5.14(2.1–12.8)], not visited by health extension workers [AOR (95% CI) = 1.72(1.7–2.4)], and not washing hand with soap before eating and after using the toilet [AOR (95% CI) = 2.25(1.079–4.675)] were positively associated with poor nutritional status of adolescent girls in the Wolaita and Hadiya zones, Southern Ethiopia. Conclusion Thinness and stunting were found to be high in the study area. Age, family size, monthly household income, regularly skipping meals, fathers’ educational status, visits by health extension workers, and nutrition services decision-making are the main predictors of thinness. Hand washing practice, visits by health extension workers, and nutrition services decision-making are the main predictors of stunting among adolescent girls. Multisectoral community-based, adolescent health and nutrition programs should be implemented.

scholarly journals EFEKTIFITAS PENANGGULANGAN GIZI KRONIK TERHADAP PENYAKIT YANG DIDERITA IBU HAMIL MENGGUNAKAN DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS) SEBAGAI SOLUSI MEWUJUDKAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA SEHAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuli Wahyuni ◽  
Akbar Sugih Miftahul Huda
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Iron Nutrition ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Childbearing Age

<p>ABSTRACT<br />The nutritional status of pregnant women is one indicator in measuring the nutritional status of the community. If the nutritional input for pregnant women from food is not balanced with the body's needs, nutrient deficiency will occur. The four main nutritional problems in Indonesia are Chronic Energy Deficiency (KEK), Iodine Deficiency Disorders (GAKY), Vitamin A Deficiency (KVA), and Iron Nutrition Anemia (AGB). KEK can occur in women of childbearing age (WUS) and in pregnant women. Someone said to suffer the risk of KEK if LILA &lt;23.5 cm. Decision making in Chronic nutritional selection of pregnant women generally has different factors, many different ways to optimize nutrition in pregnant women, among others by measuring the Upper Arm Circumference (LILA) of pregnant women as an indicator of nutritional status of healthy pregnant women and not Normal LILA is more than 23.5 cm abnormality during pregnancy can cause various diseases in pregnant women and the fetus that is conceived. Various alternatives of incompatibility with the normal level and whether or not the disease suffered by pregnant women in the fulfillment of nutrition of each pregnant woman is different between one pregnant woman and the other for herself and the fetus so that makes nutrition experts sometimes still not quite right in diagnosing pregnant women normal or not and often arises confusion in decision making so nutritionists need visualization or computerization that helps in decision making, but basically this system is not taking over the position of decision makers to get the final decision.<br />Keywords: LILA, KEK, Nutrition, Pregnant Women.<br />ABSTRAK<br />Status gizi ibu hamil merupakan salah satu indikator dalam mengukur status gizi masyarakat. Jika masukan gizi untuk ibu hamil dari makanan tidak seimbang dengan kebutuhan tubuh maka akan terjadi defisiensi zat gizi. Empat masalah gizi utama di Indonesia yaitu Kekurangan Energi Kronik (KEK), Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Yodium (GAKY), Kekurangan Vitamin A (KVA), dan Anemia Gizi Besi (AGB). KEK dapat terjadi pada wanita usia subur (WUS) dan pada ibu hamil. Seseorang dikatakan menderita risiko KEK bilamana LILA &lt;23,5 cm. Pengambilan keputusan pada pemilihan gizi Kronis ibu hamil umumnya mempunyai faktor-faktor yang berbeda, banyak berbagai cara dalam mengoptimalkan gizi pada ibu hamil antara lain dengan cara mengukur Lingkar Lengan Atas (LILA) ibu hamil sebagai salah satu indikator status gizi ibu hamil yang sehat dan tidak.LILA normal adalah lebih dari 23,5 cm ketidak normalan semasa kehamilan dapat menyebabkan berbagai penyakit pada ibu hamil dan janin yang dikandung. Berbagai alternatif ketidak sesuaian dengan tingkat normal dan tidaknya serta penyakit yang diderita ibu hamil dalam pemenuhan gizi dari tiap ibu hamil yang berbeda-beda antara ibu hamil yang satu dan yang lain untuk dirinya dan janin sehingga membuat pakar gizi terkadang masih kurang tepat dalam mendiagnosis ibu hamil normal dan tidaknya serta sering timbul kerancuan dalam pengambilan keputusan sehingga para pakar gizi membutuhkan visualisasi atau komputerisasi yang membantu dalam pengambilan keputusan, tetapi pada dasarnya sistem ini bukan mengambil alih posisi pengambil keputusan untuk mendapatkan keputusan akhir.<br />Kata Kunci : LILA, KEK, Gizi, Ibu Hamil.</p>

Discarding optimality: Throwing out the baby with the bathwater?

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Simen ◽  
Fuat Balcı
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Reward Rate ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
Standard Observer ◽  
Rate Maximization ◽  
Reward Rate Maximization ◽  
Descriptive Standard ◽  
Observer Model

AbstractRahnev & Denison (R&D) argue against normative theories and in favor of a more descriptive “standard observer model” of perceptual decision making. We agree with the authors in many respects, but we argue that optimality (specifically, reward-rate maximization) has proved demonstrably useful as a hypothesis, contrary to the authors’ claims.

LPCD framework: Analytical tool or psychological model?

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Danks
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Bayesian Decision ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Psychological Model ◽  
Psychological Reality ◽  
Psychological Theories ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Bayesian Decision Making

AbstractThe target article uses a mathematical framework derived from Bayesian decision making to demonstrate suboptimal decision making but then attributes psychological reality to the framework components. Rahnev & Denison's (R&D) positive proposal thus risks ignoring plausible psychological theories that could implement complex perceptual decision making. We must be careful not to slide from success with an analytical tool to the reality of the tool components.

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