The Logical Interpretation of the Lattice L q

Quantum Logic ◽  
1978 ◽  
pp. 27-47
Author(s):  
Peter Mittelstaedt
Keyword(s):  
Logical Interpretation

The New French Electoral Law and the Elections of 1928

1928 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 684-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter R. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
National Elections ◽  
National Union ◽  
Logical Interpretation ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Program ◽  
Electoral Law ◽  
Western Democracies

The year 1928 will witness national elections in at least three of the great western democracies of the world. The first of these important electoral contests took place in France on the last two Sundays in April. Following a campaign of unique character, some 8,000,000 voters went to the polls to pass judgment upon the record of M. Poincaré's National Union government—a government headed, strangely enough, by the same man whom the electorate had seemingly repudiated four years earlier. Not only was this contest unusual in that it brought into play certain new kinds of campaign technique, but when carefully analyzed in the light of the operation of the new electoral law, the outcome almost defies any logical interpretation. On the surface, it has been heralded as a great personal triumph for Premier Poincaré as the “savior of the franc.” But more than that one cannot say; for he presented his case without the least semblance of a political program, and the party complexion of the newly elected Chamber of Deputies is baffling. Nor is one certain that it faithfully reflects the existing state of public opinion in the nation.A resumé of the provisions of the latest electoral law, enacted in July, 1927, is necessary for a full understanding of what happened at the polls. In France, as all students of politics know, “electoral reform” is a perennial question. Since 1871 five successive systems of voting have been used: to 1885, the scrutin uninominal, or d'arrondissement; from 1885 to 1889, the scrutin de liste; from 1889 to 1919, the scrutin uninominal again; from 1919 to 1927, the scrutin de liste, with partial proportional representation; and now a reversion once more to the old scrutin uninominal.

A Unifying Translation of Natural Language Patterns to Object and Process Modeling

2011 ◽  
pp. 259-267
Author(s):  
Alexandra Galatescu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Process Modeling ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Semantic Networks ◽  
Logical Interpretation ◽  
Syntactic Knowledge ◽  
Language Patterns ◽  
Classical Semantic

The proposed translation of natural language (NL) patterns to object and process modeling is seen as an alternative to the symbolic notations, textual languages or classical semantic networks, the main representation tools today. Its necessity is motivated by the universality, unifying abilities, natural extensibility, logic and reusability of NL. The translation relies on a formalized, stylized and graphical representation of NL, bridging NL to an integrated view on the object and process modeling. Only the morphological and syntactic knowledge in NL is subject to translation, but the proposed solution anticipates the semantic and logical interpretation of a model. A brief presentation and exemplification of NL patterns in consideration precede the translation.

LOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF DISCRETE CHOQUET INTEGRAL DEFINED BY GENERAL MEASURE

1999 ◽  
Vol 07 (06) ◽  
pp. 577-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
DRAGAN RADOJEVIĆ
Keyword(s):  
Choquet Integral ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
General Measure ◽  
Discrete Measure ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Logical Interpretation ◽  
Great Practical Importance ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Interaction Modeling

Aggregation of object or action attribute values in the presence of interaction among attributes, is of great practical importance in many fields. A discrete fuzzy Choquet integral is a very promising tool for the interaction modeling, but it allows the modeling of positive interaction and redundancy and their combinations. In this paper, the modeling of logically more complex interaction by Choquet integral is performed using a general discrete measure.

FUNCTIONAL PEARL Linear lambda calculus and PTIME-completeness

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 623-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
HARRY G. MAIRSON
Keyword(s):  
Polynomial Time ◽  
Linear Logic ◽  
Lambda Calculus ◽  
Type Inference ◽  
Decision Problems ◽  
Logical Interpretation

We give transparent proofs of the PTIME-completeness of two decision problems for terms in the λ-calculus. The first is a reproof of the theorem that type inference for the simply-typed λ-calculus is PTIME-complete. Our proof is interesting because it uses no more than the standard combinators Church knew of some 70 years ago, in which the terms are linear affine – each bound variable occurs at most once. We then derive a modification of Church's coding of Booleans that is linear, where each bound variable occurs exactly once. A consequence of this construction is that any interpreter for linear λ-calculus requires polynomial time. The logical interpretation of this consequence is that the problem of normalizing proofnets for multiplicative linear logic (MLL) is also PTIME-complete.

scholarly journals The Role of IZI Supervision in Productive Zakat Utilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-410
Author(s):  
Syamsuddin Syamsuddin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Basic Assumption ◽  
Logical Interpretation ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Descriptive Method

The purpose of this study is to determine how IZI supervision regarding the utilization of productive zakat funds. In more detail, this study aims to determine the form of supervision carried out, starting from the stages, processes, and types of supervision. The theory used in this research is that of M. Manullang, namely, preventive supervision. The basic assumption is to anticipate failure during implementation from before (prevention). This research is qualitative research using the descriptive method. Collecting data in this study used observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The data analysis in this study used a logical interpretation connected with Da'wah Management's context. The research results show that the basis of thought in the supervision of productive zakat funds is to anticipate (preventive) the misuse of zakat funds, which should be utilized, into one-time consumable funds because the purpose of making productive zakat funds is to make mustahiq muzakki.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengawasan pihak IZI mengenai pendayagunaan dana zakat produktif. Secara lebih rinci tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bentuk pengawasan yang dilakukan,dari mulai tahapan,proses dan jenis pengawasannya. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yang dikemukakan oleh M. Manullang, yaitu pengawasan preventif. Asumsi dasarnya adalah untuk mengantisipasi kegagalan ketika pelaksanaan dari sebelumnya (pencegahan). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini digunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini digunakan penafsiran logika yang dihubungkan dengan konteks Manejemen Dakwah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa yang menjadi landasan pemikiran dalam pengawasan dana zakat produktif adalah untuk mengantisipasi (preventif) terjadinya penyalahgunaan dana zakat yang harusnya di berdayagunakan, menjadi dana konsumtif yang sekali habis. Karena tujuan dari pendayagunaan dana zakat produktif menjadikan mustahik menjadi muzakki.

scholarly journals Kredibilitas Da’i Dengan Keseriusan Jama’ah Dalam Menyimak Ceramah

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-303
Author(s):  
Siti Barokah
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Logical Interpretation ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui uraian tentang tiga indikator kredibilitas da’i di Masjid Al-A’raaf. presfektif kredibilitas da’i yaitu Etos, Patos dan Logos. Tujuan selanjutnya adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kredibilitas da’i dengan keseriusan jama’ah dalam menyimak ceramah. Penelitian ini di latar belakangi oleh jama’ah yang tidak serius dalam menyimak ceramah. Berdasarkan fakta yang terjadi di lapangan yaitu ketidakseriusan jama’ah dalam menyimak ceramah yaitu mengantuk hingga tertidur. Penelitian ini dapat mengungkapkan latarbelakang terjadinya masalah tersebut berdasarkan prespektif ilmu kredibilitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif, teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penyebaran angket kepada jama’ah dan mengumpulkan dokumentasi data yang diperlukan untuk menunjang validitas penelitian ini. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa keseriusan jama’ah dalam menyimak ceramah mayoritas dipengaruhi oleh retorika da’i. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tafsir logika yang dihubungkan dengan konteks Dakwah Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam. Dari hasil analisis data menunjukan bahwa da’i masjid Al-A’raf memenuhi ketiga indikator kredibilitas, yang menunjukan bahwa mayoritas da’i memiliki Ethos yaitu keahlian relevansi materi sesuai perkembangan zaman, Patos yaitu da’i selalu meninjau emosi dan karakter jama’ah, dan loghos yaitu da’i memiliki argumentasi yang kuat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kredibilitas da’i di Masjid Al-A’raaf sangat baik. Kata Kunci : Kredibilitas; Keseriusan Ceramah; Jama’ah   ABSTRACT This research was backgrounded by Jamaah who was not serious in listening to lectures. Based on the facts that took place in the field, they were not serious about listening to the lecture, namely drowsiness to sleep. This research can reveal the background of the occurrence of these problems based on credibility perspective. The purpose of this study is to find out a description of three indicators of credibility in the Al-A'afaf Mosque. the perspective of credibility is Ethos, Patos and Logos. The next objective is to find out the relationship between credibility and the seriousness of the congregation in listening to lectures. This study uses quantitative methods using descriptive methods, data collection techniques used in this study are questionnaires to Jamaahah and collect documentation of data needed to support the validity of this study. The results of this study indicate that the seriousness of the congregation in listening to the lectures of the majority is influenced by the rhetoric of da'i. Analysis of the data used in this study is a logical interpretation that is related to the context of Islamic Broadcasting Communication Da'wah. From the results of data analysis shows that the preacher of Al-A'raf mosque fulfills all three indicators of credibility, which shows that the majority of preachers have Ethos, namely the relevance of material expertise in accordance with the times, Patos namely the preacher always reviews the emotions and character of the congregation , and loghos namely preachers have strong arguments. The conclusion of this study shows that the credibility of da'i at Al-A'afaf Mosque is very good. Keyword: Credibility; the seriousness of lecture; pilgrims

Correlation: Its Visual Presentation and Logical Interpretation

1975 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 735-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Mayo
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Correlational Analysis ◽  
Pearson Product Moment Correlation ◽  
Logical Interpretation ◽  
Conceptual Representations ◽  
Level Of Significance

Three conceptual representations of correlation are presented and evaluated in terms of the extent to which they deal with various sources of respondent bias. The basic hurdles the researcher must overcome before the results of simple correlational analysis allow inferences to be drawn are discussed, along with potential misinterpretations involving the level of significance and various other issues surrounding the use of the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient.

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