Towards a General Theory of Auxiliary Concepts and Definability in First-Order Theories

1970 ◽  
pp. 298-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaakko Hintikka ◽  
Raimo Tuomela
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
First Order

scholarly journals General Theory of Lee-Yang Zeros in Models with First-Order Phase Transitions

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (21) ◽  
pp. 4794-4797 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Biskup ◽  
C. Borgs ◽  
J. T. Chayes ◽  
L. J. Kleinwaks ◽  
R. Kotecký
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
General Theory ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase

Part IV The ICC and its Applicable Law, 21 Co-Perpetration: German Dogmatik or German Invasion?

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ohlin Jens
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Control Theory ◽  
International Law ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
First Order

The current doctrines of co-perpetration, most notably the control theory of perpetration, are heavily influenced by German criminal law theory. To some critics, the ICC’s importation of Claus Roxin’s control theory is evidence that one legal culture is having an outsized influence on the direction of the Court’s jurisprudence. This chapter situates the current doctrines within historical context. It lays out the foundations of the ICC doctrine of co-perpetration and evaluates the most notable objections to it, including alternate versions of co-perpetration. The chapter argues that the criticism about the ICC becoming too weighted towards the criminal law approach of one particular system is unfair, since the Court engages in first-order questions of criminal law theory. Nevertheless, the criticism remains that the Court has done insufficient work to justify its methodology and properly ground its importation of domestic criminal law theory within a general theory of sources of international law.

scholarly journals Dynamical symmetry indicators for Floquet crystals

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiabin Yu ◽  
Rui-Xing Zhang ◽  
Zhi-Da Song
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Topological Insulator ◽  
Mathematical Theory ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Dynamical Symmetry ◽  
Symmetry Groups ◽  
Topological Phases ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
First Order ◽  
Crystalline Symmetry

AbstractVarious exotic topological phases of Floquet systems have been shown to arise from crystalline symmetries. Yet, a general theory for Floquet topology that is applicable to all crystalline symmetry groups is still in need. In this work, we propose such a theory for (effectively) non-interacting Floquet crystals. We first introduce quotient winding data to classify the dynamics of the Floquet crystals with equivalent symmetry data, and then construct dynamical symmetry indicators (DSIs) to sufficiently indicate the inherently dynamical Floquet crystals. The DSI and quotient winding data, as well as the symmetry data, are all computationally efficient since they only involve a small number of Bloch momenta. We demonstrate the high efficiency by computing all elementary DSI sets for all spinless and spinful plane groups using the mathematical theory of monoid, and find a large number of different nontrivial classifications, which contain both first-order and higher-order 2+1D anomalous Floquet topological phases. Using the framework, we further find a new 3+1D anomalous Floquet second-order topological insulator (AFSOTI) phase with anomalous chiral hinge modes.

scholarly journals Correspondances Entre Une Theorie Generale Planetaire En Variables Elliptiques Et La Theorie Classique De Le Verrier

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 15-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Duriez
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Classical Theory ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Semi Major Axis ◽  
First Order ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Secular Terms

AbstractIn order to improve the determination of the mixed terms in classical theories, we show how these terms may be derived from a general theory developed with the same variables (of a keplerian nature). We find that the general theory of the first order in the masses already allows us to develop the mixed terms which appear at the second order in the classical theory. We also show that a part of the constant perturbation of the semi-major axis introduced in the classical theory is present in the general theory as very long-period terms; by developing these terms in powers of time, they would be equivalent to the appearance of very small secular terms (in t, t2, …) in the perturbation of the semi-major axes from the second order in the masses. The short period terms of the classical theory are found the same in the general theory, but without the numerical substitution of the values of the variables.

Structures elementarily closed relative to a model for arithmetic

1968 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Eugene W. Madison
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Characteristic Zero ◽  
Order Logic ◽  
First Order Logic ◽  
Natural Numbers ◽  
Algebraic Numbers ◽  
First Order

The present paper is a sequel to [1]. It is our purpose to formulate a general theory derived from the methods used to obtain three results for the field of real algebraic numbers in [1]. As there, we shall concern ourselves almost exclusively with fields of characteristic zero; thus we assume a convenient formulation of first order logic with extralogical constants E(x, y), S(x, y, z), F(x, y, z), F(x, y), N(x) and 0, whose intended interpretations are equality, sum, product, y is the successor of x, x ∈ (where is a substructure satisfying all first order truths of the natural numbers) and zero, respectively. In addition, we shall use Q(x, y) for x ≤ y in those cases where our field is ordered, e.g. the field of real algebraic numbers.

Contributions of ability and attainment testing in Africa to a general theory of intellect

1969 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 91-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Irvine
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Order Analysis ◽  
First Order ◽  
Reasoning Abilities ◽  
The Third ◽  
Factor Analytic ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Perceptual Styles

SummaryFactor analytic studies in Africa are compared with other cross-cultural investigations into the structure of abilities in different ethnic groups. Similarities and differences are noted; and environmental influences on the acquisition of skills are also summarized. A correlational study of wrong answers to a battery of thirty marker tests given to a group of predominantly Mashona students indicates that efficiency skills of numerical facility and memory remain at the first order of factor extraction, reasoning abilities emerge in second-order analysis, while perceptual styles are present in the third-order level. This study is used to hypothesize, in the context of African systems of thought, the existence of a primary thought mode that asserts itself in conditions involving repeated errors.

Note on the Petzval optical condition

1926 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-464
Author(s):  
G. C. Steward
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Optical System ◽  
Geometrical Meaning ◽  
First Order ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
General Method ◽  
Usual Notation

As a preliminary to an investigation of certain diffraction patterns I was led to consider, in some detail, the geometrical aberrations of a symmetrical optical system; and it appeared convenient then to classify the aberrations in orders according as they depend upon various powers of certain small quantities and to exhibit them as coefficients in the expansion of an ‘ Aberration Function.’ If aberrations of the first order only are considered, it becomes evident that one of them stands, in some sense, apart from the rest; I refer to the so-called ‘Petzval’ condition for flatness of field. It is of interest to notice that this condition was known to Coddington and to Airy before the time of Petzval—known at least as far as concerns systems of thin lenses. In the usual notation the condition is ΣΚ/μμ′ = 0; it is therefore independent of the positions of the object and pupil planes and in this respect it stands alone among the first order aberrations. But an increasing number of similar aberrations of higher orders will be found and it is of interest to examine these and to investigate their geometrical meaning. In the following note is given a proof of the Petzval condition, differing from that usually given and falling more into line with the general theory, and indicating also a general method of examining aberrations of this peculiar type.

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