Eco-hydrological consequences of environmental degradation: Hydrology, ecology and environmental impacts

1995 ◽  
pp. 427-461
Author(s):  
Paul H. Templet ◽  
Jens Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Degradation

Is enterprise environmental protection investment responsibility or rent-seeking? Chinese evidence

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Xin-Feng Jiang ◽  
Chun-Xiang Zhao ◽  
Jing-Juan Ma ◽  
Jian-Qiu Liu ◽  
Si-Hai Li
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Private Enterprises ◽  
Social Upheaval

Abstract Having enterprises engaged in environmentally friendly behavior is an important part of reducing negative environmental impacts. This study makes a quantitative analysis against the backdrop of China's transitional economic system. The results show that politically-connected enterprises significantly reduce environmental expenditure, but this only holds for state-owned enterprises; private enterprises with political connections spend significantly more. Analysis of the efficiency of environmental expenditure indicates that, for private enterprises, environmental spending is used as a way to maintain political connections, with rent-seeking as the likely motivation. Politically-connected private enterprises have not reduced their emissions to the same extent as state-owned enterprises, despite increased expenditure. Given the scale of environmental degradation in China during a period of massive economic and social upheaval, the results of this analysis provide a quantitative case for policy change: governments should shift focus to the results that environmental spending produces.

Workability Characteristics of Porous Concrete in Pavement Applications

2011 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 218-222
Author(s):  
Noureddine Elguemri ◽  
Ying Fang Fan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Fresh Concrete ◽  
Concrete Sample ◽  
Clear Indication ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Porous Concrete ◽  
Concrete Mix

Porous concrete dramatically reduces environmental degradation and the negative effects associated with urban sprawl. Porous concrete has been used as an effective method for treating and reducing negative environmental impacts. This paper provides a clear indication of the workability and fresh concrete characteristics in pavement applications. The performance of porous concrete was compared with a concrete sample that is comparable to the material used for the construction of conventional concrete road pavements. The analysis includes the porous concrete mix preparation procedure and the workability tests. The workability tests include the slump, VEBE and compacting factor tests.

LEVANTAMENTO GEOAMBIENTAL DOS COMPONENTES FÍSICO-NATURAIS DA SUB-BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA SEMIÁRIDA DO NORDESTE DO BRASIL, RIO ITACOLOMI-CE

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1104-1118
Author(s):  
Livana Sousa Guimarães ◽  
Ernane Cortez Lima
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Environmental Analysis ◽  
Subsistence Agriculture ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Natural Components ◽  
Del Rio ◽  
Integrated Study

A presente pesquisa apresenta um levantamento geoambiental da sub-bacia hidrográfica do rio Itacolomi, no qual foi possível a coleta de dados a partir do trabalho de campo e da análise cartográfica. Nesse sentido, tem-se como principal objetivo a descrição dos componentes físico-naturais e a identificação dos principais impactos ambientais na área. Desse modo, ressaltamos a importância de tal estudo, pois encontra-se inserida no contexto da semiaridez, que por sua vez torna-se imprescindível o manejo adequado nesses ambientes. Utilizou-se como base metodológica a análise sistêmica de Bertrand (1972) e a análise geoambiental de Souza (2000), que realizam um estudo integrado da paisagem. Dessa forma, podemos salientar que a área apresenta uma rica diversidade paisagística, a qual resulta da variedade na composição litológica, bem como dos diferentes tipos de solos que a compõe. Por esse ângulo, percebemos a intensa utilização desse ambiente para a agricultura de subsistência, principalmente nas proximidades dos riachos, sendo necessário o uso de técnicas adequadas que possam auxiliar na conservação dessa área.   Palavras-chave: Análise sistêmica; Paisagem; Degradação Ambiental. ABSTRACTThis research presents a geo-environmental survey of the watershed Itacolomi river, where it was possible to collect data from fieldwork and cartographic analysis. In this sense, the main objective is the description of the physical-natural components and the identification of the main environmental impacts in the area. Thus, we emphasize the importance of such a study, because it is inserted in the context of semiaridity, which in turn becomes essential the appropriate management in these environments. It was used as a methodological basis systemic analysis Bertrand (1972) and geo-environmental analysis Souza (2000), which carry an integrated study of landscapes. In this way, we can point out that the area presents a rich landscape diversity, which results from the variety in the lithologic composition, as well as the different types of soils that compose it. From this angle, we perceive the intense use of this environment for subsistence agriculture, especially in the vicinity of the streams, being necessary the use of appropriate techniques that can help in the conservation of this area.Keywords: Systemic analysis; Landscape; Environmental degradation. RESUMENEsta investigación presenta una encuesta geoambiental de la subcuenca del río Itacolomi, en la que fue posible recopilar datos del trabajo de campo y el análisis cartográfico. En este sentido, su objetivo principal es la descripción de los componentes físico-naturales y la identificación de los principales impactos ambientales en el área. Por lo tanto, subrayamos la importancia de tal estudio, ya que se inserta en el contexto de la semi-sequedad, que a su vez requiere un manejo adecuado en estos entornos. La base metodológica utilizada fue el análisis sistémico de Bertrand (1972) y el análisis geoambiental de Souza (2000), que realiza un estudio integrado de paisajes. Por lo tanto, podemos enfatizar que el área tiene una rica diversidad de paisajes, que resulta de la variedad en la composición litológica, así como de los diferentes tipos de suelos que la componen. Desde este ángulo, nos damos cuenta del uso intenso de este entorno para la agricultura de subsistencia, especialmente cerca de los arroyos, que requiere el uso de técnicas apropiadas que pueden ayudar en la conservación de esta área.Palabras clave: Análisis sistémico; Paisaje; Degradación ambiental.

scholarly journals The Diet, Health, and Environment Trilemma

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Clark ◽  
Jason Hill ◽  
David Tilman
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
If Current ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Dietary Shifts

As populations become more affluent and urbanized, diets are shifting such that they are becoming higher in calories and include more highly processed foods and animal products. These dietary shifts are driving increases in diet-related diseases and are also causing environmental degradation. These linked impacts pose a new key issue for global society—a diet, health, and environment trilemma. Recent dietary shifts have contributed to increasing diet-related health and environmental impacts, including an 80% increase in global diabetes prevalence and an 860% increase in global nitrogen fertilizer use. Furthermore, if current dietary trajectories were to continue for the next several decades, diet-related diseases would account for three-quarters of the global burden of disease and would also lead to large increases in diet-related environmental impacts. We discuss how shifts to healthier diets—such as some Mediterranean, pescetarian, vegetarian, and vegan diets—could reduce incidence of diet-related diseases and improve environmental outcomes. In addition, we detail how other interventions to food systems that use known technologies and management techniques would improve environmental outcomes.

scholarly journals Ichthyofauna, Uberabinha River (Upper Paranaíba River Basin), Triangle Mineiro region, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Check List ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wagner Martins Santana Sampaio ◽  
Frederico Belei ◽  
Patrícia Giongo ◽  
Willian Lopes Silva
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Fish Community ◽  
First Record ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Hydroelectric Dams ◽  
Human Actions ◽  
Gill Nets

The Uberabinha River is a tributary to the Paranaíba River and, up to now, data about its ichthyofauna was still unknown. Currently the fish community suffers threats due to environmental degradation and the construction of hydroelectric dams. The present study sought to survey the ichthyofauna of the Uberabinha River. Samples were collected in November 2011 and January 2012 using gill nets, cast nets, trawls and sieves. We captured 844 individuals, totaling 36 species of fish. This is the first record of fish from the Uberabinha River and is probably an altered assemblage due to environmental impacts caused by human actions.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Impacts of Groundwater Overdrafting on Water Quality and Environmental Degradation in the Fares Area, Aswan, Egypt

2021 ◽  
pp. 529-551
Author(s):  
Mohamed Saber ◽  
Omar Ahmed ◽  
Esmat A. Keheila ◽  
Mohamed Abdel-Moneim Mohamed ◽  
Sameh A. Kantoush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Reclaimed Land ◽  
Surrounding Water ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Critical Issues

AbstractGroundwater contamination and the environmental impact of groundwater uprising due to overpumping are critical issues in Egypt. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the groundwater quality and the environmental impacts of groundwater uprising in the Fares area of Aswan, Egypt. The environmental impacts of the uprising groundwater level were investigated through field observations and chemical analyses of the surrounding water resources. The results revealed that the use of flood irrigation systems in the upper, newly reclaimed land area is the main cause of the uprising groundwater levels, which causes remarkable environmental degradation in the urban area. Thirty-three samples were collected and chemically analyzed from three groundwater wells. The chemical characterization of the groundwater at Well 1 drastically changed from NaHCO3 to NaCl within a short period of time due to overdrafting. The chemical concentrations of all parameters showed considerable increasing trends and exceeded the standard limits at Well 1. The study stated that the groundwater overdrafting causes extreme changes in the water quality within a very short period of time along with the impacts on the environment. This condition requires attention from decision makers, as the groundwater quality is continuously decreased and the environment is degraded.

scholarly journals DOGMAS AMBIENTAIS: A INDISCRIMINADA EXIGÊNCIA DE EIA/RIMA PARA ATIVIDADES POLUIDORAS: ESTUDOS BRASILEIRO, FRANCÊS E DA CONSTITUIÇÃO PORTUGUESA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (58) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Grace Ladeira GARBACCIO ◽  
Gonçalo Nicolau Cerqueira Sopas de Mello BANDEIRA ◽  
Lyssandro Norton SIQUEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Third Republic ◽  
Impact Study ◽  
The Third ◽  
Environmental Impact Study

RESUMO Objetivo: O estudo objetiva apresentar fundamentos para exigir a obrigatoriedade da exigência do EIA para as atividades poluidoras. Metodologia: Para atingir os fins esperados, a metodologia utilizada é hipotéticodedutivo, bem como a análise de referências bibliográficas e legislação brasileira e francesa, também enfocando uma visão comparada a partir dos mandamentos da Constituição Ambiental Portuguesa da III República. Resultados: O artigo concluiu que a avaliação de impactos ambientais é um importantíssimo instrumento de política ambiental, sendo imprescindível para assegurar a informação e a participação da sociedade, respeitando-se os direitos humanos da população direta ou indiretamente afetada por novos empreendimentos. Contribuições: A principal contribuição do trabalho está na atenção aos procedimentos de atividades com potencialidade em degradação ambiental. Assim sendo, é importante a avaliação de impactos ambientais, a dispensa imotivada do EIA ou da avaliação ambiental para o caso do contexto francês. Para o licenciamento de empreendimentos e atividades devidamente listados nas referidas normas, poderá consistir na prática de ato de improbidade pela autoridade ambiental, em razão da gravidade dos fatos que denotam a violação de seus deveres funcionais. Palavras-chave: licenciamento; estudo de impacto ambiental; exigibilidade; sustentabilidade; Direito brasileiro e francês; Direito Constitucional Ambiental português. ABSTRACT Objective: The study aims to present grounds for requiring the mandatory EIA requirement for polluting activities. Methodology: The methodology used is hypothetical-deductive, as well as the analysis of bibliographic references and Brazilian and French legislation, also focusing on a comparative view from the commandments of the Portuguese Environmental Constitution of the Third Republic. Results: The article concluded that the assessment of environmental impacts is an extremely important instrument of environmental policy, being essential to ensure the information and participation of society, respecting the human rights of the population directly or indirectly affected by new ventures.Contributions: The main contribution of the work refers to attention to the procedures of activities with potential for environmental degradation. Therefore, it is important to assess environmental impacts without the need for EIA or environmental assessment in the case of the French context. For the licensing of undertakings and activities duly listed in the aforementioned standards, it may consist of the practice of an act of improbity by the environmental authority, due to the seriousness of the facts that denote the violation of their functional duties. Keywords: licensing; environmental impact study; enforceability; sustainability; Brazilian and French law; Portuguese Environmental Constitutional Law.

scholarly journals Diagnóstico Físico Conservacionista (DFC) como metodologia para a quantificação da degradação ambiental na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Judia - Acre

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Francisco Ivam Castro do Nascimento ◽  
Waldemir Lima dos Santos ◽  
Derlangela Lira da Silva ◽  
Rodrigo Otávio Peréa Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Environmental Planning ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Hydrographic Basin ◽  
Anthropic Activity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Degree Of Degradation

A degradação ambiental de uma bacia hidrográfica pode ser resultado de uma série de ações geradas pela atividade antrópica, podendo ser analisadas de forma sistêmica através do diagnóstico físico conservacionista, para diagnosticar os impactos ambientais negativos e ajudar no planejamento ambiental das bacias hidrográficas. Neste trabalho foi aplicada a metodologia do Diagnóstico físico conservacionista (DFC) na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Judia, localizada em Rio Branco – Acre. Para isso, os parâmetros foram adaptados para a realidade local, sendo aplicados por meio de técnicas de geoprocessamento, a fim de identificar e quantificar o grau de degradação da bacia hidrográfica entre os anos de 2006 à 2019. Os resultados apontaram que, o médio curso obteve o maior grau de degradação, 23. O baixo curso obteve valor 22 e o auto curso valor 21. Todos os três cursos da bacia hidrográfica tiveram valores elevados de degradação, indicando que recursos naturais como solo, floresta e água encontram-se ameaçados por atividades antrópicas como: pecuária, uso indiscriminado da água e ocupações irregulares. Conclui-se que a metodologia do DFC possibilitou a correta identificação quanto ao grau de degradação da bacia do Rio Judia, apontando os parâmetros que mais contribuíram para o atual cenário ambiental. Physical Conservationist Diagnosis (PCD) as a methodology for quantifying environmental degradation in the Rio Judia river basin - Acre A B S T R A C TThe environmental degradation of a hydrographic basin can be the result of a series of actions generated by anthropic activity, which can be analyzed in a systemic way through the physical conservationist diagnosis, to diagnose the negative environmental impacts and help in the environmental planning of the hydrographic basins. In this work, the methodology of physical conservationist diagnosis (PCD) was applied in the Judia River basin, located in Rio Branco - Acre. For this, the parameters were adapted to the local reality, being applied through geoprocessing techniques, in order to identify and quantify the degree of degradation of the watershed between 2006 and 2019. The results showed that the mean course obtained the highest degree of degradation, 23. The low course obtained value 22 and the auto course value 21. All three courses of the watershed had high degradation values, indicating that natural resources such as soil, forest and water are threatened by anthropic activities such as livestock, indiscriminate use of water and irregular occupations. It was concluded that the PCD methodology allowed the correct identification of the degree of degradation of the Judia River basin, pointing out the parameters that most contributed to the current environmental scenario.Keywords: degree and degradation, environment, hydrographic Basin

scholarly journals ESTUDO DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA DO CÓRREGO DA CASCATA E/OU TABUINHA DE PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (Especial) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Carolina Gomes de Melo ◽  
Danielle Elis Garcia Furuya ◽  
Ireli Cristina Luz ◽  
Lucas Flávio Thomaz ◽  
Nayara de Jesus Figueiredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Rapid Population Growth

The conservation of the watercourses are essential because they enable the accomplishment of activities that need this natural resource and determine the characteristics of the microbasin in which they are inserted. Rapid population growth requires increased use of natural resources, such as water in streams. In addition to the use, incorrect treatment and environmental impacts are increasingly decreasing the water availability of rivers and tributaries in each river basin. The microcatchment of the Cascata stream and / or Tabuinha shows signs of environmental degradation, since the depth and quantity of water in the stream is scarce. In this context, the objective of this study was to analyze parameters that determine the water quality of the stream, as well as to analyze the interference of a tannery.

14. The Environment

2019 ◽  
pp. 284-306
Author(s):  
Simon Caney
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
Normative Issues ◽  
Earth's Crust

This concluding chapter addresses the normative issues raised by the environment. The environment includes the earth's crust, soil, and natural resources; the atmosphere; all the earth's water; and the biosphere. Human activity has a profound impact on the environment. Indeed, many of the activities that humans engage in — activities which often serve important human interests and goals — result in environmental degradation. Persons depend on the environment in many ways: for their food, health, and for many of their goals in life. As such, humans face a problem when people impact on the environment to such an extent that it undercuts people's capacity to enjoy the standard of living to which they are entitled. Thus, a just account of the environment will take into account both the fact that people have legitimate interests which involve using the environment and the fact that there must be limits on people's environmental impacts.

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