Classification of Healthy Subjects and Insomniac Patients Based on Automated Sleep Onset Detection

2015 ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
C. Dissanayaka ◽  
H. Abdullah ◽  
B. Ahmed ◽  
T. Penzel ◽  
D. Cvetkovic
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Onset Detection

scholarly journals Real-time classification of hand movements as a basis for intuitive control of grasp neuroprostheses

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Amelin ◽  
Ivan Potapov ◽  
Josep Cardona Audí ◽  
Andreas Kogut ◽  
Rüdiger Rupp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Recurrent Neural Networks ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Hand Movements ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Field Programmable

AbstractThis paper reports on the evaluation of recurrent and convolutional neural networks as real-time grasp phase classifiers for future control of neuroprostheses for people with high spinal cord injury. A field-programmable gate array has been chosen as an implementation platform due to its form factor and ability to perform parallel computations, which are specific for the selected neural networks. Three different phases of two grasp patterns and the additional open hand pattern were predicted by means of surface Electromyography (EMG) signals (i.e. Seven classes in total). Across seven healthy subjects, CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks) and RNN (Recurrent Neural Networks) had a mean accuracy of 85.23% with a standard deviation of 4.77% and 112 µs per prediction and 83.30% with a standard deviation of 4.36% and 40 µs per prediction, respectively.

Sleep Onset Detection using the Low-Cost Emotiv EPOC Neuroheadset

2019 ◽  
pp. 657-660
Author(s):  
Le Quoc Khai ◽  
Le Nu Ngoc Thuy ◽  
Tran Kien ◽  
Pham Thi Tram Anh ◽  
Nguyen Thi Diem Hang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Onset Detection

scholarly journals Dream Generation and Recall in Daytime NREM Sleep of Patients With Narcolepsy Type 1

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Cipolli ◽  
Fabio Pizza ◽  
Claudia Bellucci ◽  
Michela Mazzetti ◽  
Giovanni Tuozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Nrem Sleep ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency

The less rigid architecture of sleep in patients with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) compared with healthy subjects may provide new insights into some unresolved issues of dream experience (DE), under the assumption that their DE frequencies are comparable. The multiple transition from wakefulness to REM sleep (sleep onset REM period: SOREMP) during the five trials of the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) appears of particular interest. In MSLT studies, NT1 patients reported a DE after about 80% of SOREMP naps (as often as after nighttime REM sleep of themselves and healthy subjects), but only after about 30% of NREM naps compared to 60% of daytime and nighttime NREM sleep of healthy subjects. To estimate accurately the “real” DE frequency, we asked participants to report DE (“dream”) after each MSLT nap and, in case of failure, to specify if they were unable to retrieve any content (“white dream”) or DE did not occur (“no-dream”). The proportions of dreams, white dreams, and no dreams and the indicators of structural organization of DEs reported after NREM naps by 17 adult NT1 patients were compared with those reported by 25 subjects with subjective complaints of excessive daytime sleepiness (sc-EDS), who take multiple daytime NREM naps. Findings were consistent with the hypothesis of a failure in recall after awakening rather than in generation during sleep: white dreams were more frequent in NT1 patients than in sc-EDS subjects (42.86 vs 17.64%), while their frequency of dreams plus white dreams were similar (67.86 and 61.78%) and comparable with that of NREM-DEs in healthy subjects. The longer and more complex NREM-DEs of NT1 patients compared with sc-EDS subjects suggest that the difficulty in DE reporting depends on their negative attitude toward recall of contents less vivid and bizarre than those they usually retrieve after daytime SOREMP and nighttime REM sleep. As this attitude may be reversed by some recall training before MSLT, collecting wider amounts of DE reports after NREM naps would cast light on both the across-stage continuity in the functioning of cognitive processes underlying DE and the difference in content and structural organization of SOREM-DEs preceded by N1 or also N2 sleep.

scholarly journals 0198 Psychomotor/Cognitive Effects, Pharmacokinetics and Safety of V117957, a Novel, Highly Potent and Selective Partial Agonist for Nociceptin/Orphanin-FQ Peptide (NOP) Receptors, Administered in Combination with Alcohol in Healthy Subjects

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A78-A78
Author(s):  
M Zhou ◽  
S Harris ◽  
A Cipriano ◽  
R Kapil ◽  
E He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Partial Agonist ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Tolerability Profile ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Orphanin Fq

Abstract Introduction V117957 is an investigational nociceptin/orphanin-FQ peptide (NOP) receptor partial agonist designed to treat insomnia by promoting sleep onset and maintenance with minimal residual next-day somnolence or psychomotor impairment. The satisfactory safety/tolerability profile of V117957 has been previously established in ~200 healthy subjects with maximum doses at 30mg following a single oral administration and 10mg once daily for 2 weeks. The present study was conducted to assess the safety/tolerability and pharmacokinetics (PK) of V117957 with co-administered alcohol. Methods A randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled, balanced six-period crossover design was employed. Single doses (2mg, 6mg) of V117957 and placebo were administered orally to healthy subjects in the morning with and without alcohol (0.7g/kg). Pharmacodynamic (PD) effects of V117957 were assessed, and safety/tolerability and PK interactions were also characterized. The primary PD endpoints (body sway, Digit Vigilance Test, and numeric working memory) were measured through 12 hours postdosing. Results Forty-eight subjects were enrolled and randomized; 46 completed. Compared with placebo, alcohol alone showed an impairment on psychomotor/cognitive performances through 2 hours postdose. V117957 alone showed a dose-dependent impairment. Compared with V117957 alone and alcohol alone, co-administration of alcohol and V117957 showed greater impairment until 8 hours postdose. No subject discontinued due to an adverse event (AE). No clinically meaningful treatment-emergent (TE) changes in clinical laboratory values, vital signs, SpO2 measurements, or 12-lead ECG results were observed. The most common TEAE was somnolence. All plasma and urine PK parameters for V117957 and alcohol were comparable when V117957 or alcohol was administered alone or in combination. Conclusion Single oral doses of V117957, 2mg or 6mg, administered alone or in combination with alcohol in healthy subjects resulted in no notable PK interaction between V117957 and alcohol. A dose-effect relationship in the magnitude and duration of impairment was observed for most psychomotor/cognitive performance parameters. Greater effects of V117957 with alcohol were observed for most psychomotor/cognitive performance parameters up to 8 hours post-dose. Support Funded by Imbrium Therapeutics, a subsidiary of Purdue Pharma L.P.

Daridorexant, a new dual orexin receptor antagonist, in elderly subjects with insomnia disorder

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (21) ◽  
pp. e2222-e2232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Zammit ◽  
Yves Dauvilliers ◽  
Scott Pain ◽  
Dalma Sebök Kinter ◽  
Yosef Mansour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Insomnia Disorder ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Dose Dependent

ObjectiveTo assess the dose-response of daridorexant, a new dual orexin receptor antagonist, on wake after sleep onset (WASO).MethodsElderly (≥65 years) participants (n = 58) with insomnia were randomly allocated (Latin square design) to receive 5 treatments (5, 10, 25, and 50 mg daridorexant and placebo) during 5 treatment periods, each consisting of 2 treatment nights followed by a 5- to 12-day washout period. Main efficacy endpoints were the absolute change from baseline in WASO (primary) and latency to persistent sleep (LPS; secondary) to days 1 and 2 (mean of 2 treatment nights assessed by polysomnography) in each period. Safety and tolerability were also assessed.ResultsOf 58 participants included, 67% were female, and the median age was 69 years (range 65–85 years). WASO and LPS were dose-dependently reduced from baseline to days 1 and 2 after daridorexant administration (multiple comparison procedure modeling, p < 0.0001 and p = 0.004, respectively); reductions were statistically significant for doses ≥10 mg compared with placebo (WASO: −32.0, −45.1, −61.4 minutes; LPS: −44.9, −43.8, −45.4 minutes for 10, 25, and 50 mg, respectively, p ≤ 0.025). Treatment-emergent adverse events were similar for daridorexant and placebo; the most frequent were fatigue, nasopharyngitis, gait disturbance, and headache (≤7% in any group).ConclusionsDaridorexant was well tolerated. Dose-dependent improvements in WASO and LPS were statistically significant (dose range 10–50 mg) in elderly people with insomnia disorder.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:NCT02841709.Classification of evidenceThis study provides Class I evidence that, for elderly people with insomnia, daridorexant reduced WASO.

scholarly journals The Night Effect of Anger: Relationship with Nocturnal Blood Pressure Dipping

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Casagrande ◽  
Francesca Favieri ◽  
Angela Guarino ◽  
Enrico Di Pace ◽  
Viviana Langher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Trait Anger ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Nocturnal Blood Pressure Dipping ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Psychological Dimensions

Introduction: The circadian pattern of blood pressure is characterized by a physiological drop occurring after sleep onset. The alteration of this phenomenon (non-dipping, extreme dipping, or reverse dipping) is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. Besides altered autonomic and endocrine circadian rhythms, psychological aspects seem to play a role in this modification. However, the few studies that have analyzed the influence of psychological dimensions on the dipping phenomenon have reported inconsistent results. This study aimed to examine the relationship between anger expression and blood pressure (BP) dipping. Methods: We obtained 24 h ambulatory BP measurements from 151 participants and used them to define three groups according to their dipping status: Dippers (N = 65), Non-Dippers (N = 42), and Extreme Dippers (N = 44). Sociodemographic and anamnestic information was collected, and the State–Trait Anger Expression Inventory was used to assess anger. Results: Analysis of variance evidenced significant higher scores for Trait Anger Temperament and Anger Expression in Extreme Dippers than in both Dippers and Non-Dippers. However, after controlling for confounding variables, there was no significant relationship with trait anger, and only the result concerning the suppression of anger was confirmed. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the analysis of some psychological factors, such as anger, could be necessary to better understand differences in nocturnal BP alterations. Trait anger and suppression of anger may contribute to the description and classification of patients who exhibit a maladaptive dipping phenomenon. However, modifiable (i.e., cigarette consumption) and unmodifiable (i.e., age) risk factors appear to mediate this relationship. Although further studies are necessary to explore this association, these results highlight that some aspects of anger can represent risk factors or markers of maladaptive modulation of the dipping phenomenon.

Advanced classification of Alzheimer's disease and healthy subjects based on EEG markers

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitoantonio Bevilacqua ◽  
Angelo Antonio Salatino ◽  
Carlo Di Leo ◽  
Giacomo Tattoli ◽  
Domenico Buongiorno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Healthy Subjects

scholarly journals Broadband Sound Administration Improves Sleep Onset Latency in Healthy Subjects in a Model of Transient Insomnia

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludovico Messineo ◽  
Luigi Taranto-Montemurro ◽  
Scott A. Sands ◽  
Melania D. Oliveira Marques ◽  
Ali Azabarzin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Onset Latency ◽  
Broadband Sound
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