Role of Bariatric Surgery in End-Stage Organ Failure

2017 ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
Rachel Maria Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
End Stage

Bariatric Surgery and End-Stage Organ Failure

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1359-1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Tariq ◽  
Linda W. Moore ◽  
Vadim Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
End Stage

MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF SARCOPENIA PATHOGENESIS IN CHRONOC KIDNEY DISEASE: INTEGRATED ROLE OF mTOR

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. Gasanov
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Cytoskeleton Organization ◽  
Molecular Aspects ◽  
End Stage

In recent decades, the main pathogenetic mechanisms for maintaining muscle mass and strength have been discovered. Most of the scientific papers on the molecular aspects of the  pathogenesis of sarcopenia were focused on the Akt-signaling  pathway. The subject of the study were people of elderly and senile  age, immobilized patients, patients with CKD 1-4 stages, animals. However, recently more attention has been paid to the role  of protein – the mammalian target of rapamycin mTOR. It seems to be a key link in the control of muscle mass and is a promising  marker in understanding the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of  sarcopenia. Its importance in protein metabolism in patients with  end stage kidney disease is not studied and requires further research. The presented scientific review contains  information on the role of mTOR and its components – mTORC1 and mTORC2 in maintaining muscle mass and strength in a healthy  person and in the formation of sarcopenia in patients with CKD. The  general aid of mTORC1 complex is regulation of protein production  which is necessary for cell growth and differentiation. mTORC2  complex functions are not enough studied. It is established that it  plays important role in such biological processes as cytoskeleton  organization, intracellular homeostasis maintaining, so it provides  cell resistance and cell survivability in negative external and internal  impulses. mTOR protein can be considered as promising molecular  marker in diagnostics of protein metabolism early disturbances in  patients with CKD and also as additory factor of sarcopenia severity assessment.

The Role of Relaparoscopy in the Management of Early Bariatric Surgery Complications and 30-Day Outcome: a Tertiary Centre Experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Al-Rashedy ◽  
Anirban Ghosh ◽  
Tanmoy Mukherjee ◽  
Sonal Halai ◽  
Ruba A. Mahmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Surgery Complications ◽  
Tertiary Centre ◽  
Bariatric Surgery Complications

scholarly journals Serum Amyloid Beta42 Is Not Eliminated by the Cirrhotic Liver: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2669
Author(s):  
Reiner Wiest ◽  
Thomas S. Weiss ◽  
Lusine Danielyan ◽  
Christa Buechler
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Hepatic Clearance ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Cirrhotic Liver ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Peripheral Clearance ◽  
End Stage ◽  
The Brain

Amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition in the brain is the main pathological hallmark of Alzheimer disease. Peripheral clearance of Aβ may possibly also lower brain levels. Recent evidence suggested that hepatic clearance of Aβ42 is impaired in liver cirrhosis. To further test this hypothesis, serum Aβ42 was measured by ELISA in portal venous serum (PVS), systemic venous serum (SVS), and hepatic venous serum (HVS) of 20 patients with liver cirrhosis. Mean Aβ42 level was 24.7 ± 20.4 pg/mL in PVS, 21.2 ± 16.7 pg/mL in HVS, and 19.2 ± 11.7 pg/mL in SVS. Similar levels in the three blood compartments suggested that the cirrhotic liver does not clear Aβ42. Aβ42 was neither associated with the model of end-stage liver disease score nor the Child–Pugh score. Patients with abnormal creatinine or bilirubin levels or prolonged prothrombin time did not display higher Aβ42 levels. Patients with massive ascites and patients with large varices had serum Aβ42 levels similar to patients without these complications. Serum Aβ42 was negatively associated with connective tissue growth factor levels (r = −0.580, p = 0.007) and a protective role of Aβ42 in fibrogenesis was already described. Diabetic patients with liver cirrhosis had higher Aβ42 levels (p = 0.069 for PVS, p = 0.047 for HVS and p = 0.181 for SVS), which is in accordance with previous reports. Present analysis showed that the cirrhotic liver does not eliminate Aβ42. Further studies are needed to explore the association of liver cirrhosis, Aβ42 levels, and cognitive dysfunction.

scholarly journals Nutritional Optic Neuropathies: State of the Art and Emerging Evidences

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2653
Author(s):  
Matilde Roda ◽  
Natalie di Geronimo ◽  
Marco Pellegrini ◽  
Costantino Schiavi
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Optic Nerve Atrophy ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

Nutritional optic neuropathy is a cause of bilateral, symmetrical, and progressive visual impairment with loss of central visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, dyschromatopsia, and a central or centrocecal scotoma. The clinical features are not pathognomonic, since hereditary and toxic forms share similar signs and symptoms. It is becoming increasingly common due to the widespread of bariatric surgery and strict vegetarian or vegan diets, so even the scientific interest has recently increased. In particular, recent studies have focused on possible pathogenetic mechanisms, and on novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in order to prevent the onset, make a prompt diagnosis and an accurate nutritional supplementation, and to avoid irreversible optic nerve atrophy. Nowadays, there is clear evidence of the role of cobalamin, folic acid, thiamine, and copper, whereas further studies are needed to define the role of niacin, riboflavin, and pyridoxine. This review aims to summarize the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of nutritional optic neuropathy, and it is addressed not only to ophthalmologists, but to all physicians who could come in contact with a patient with a possible nutritional optic neuropathy, being a fundamental multidisciplinary approach.

scholarly journals The Role of Microbiota in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Related Biliary Malignancies

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6975
Author(s):  
Burcin Özdirik ◽  
Tobias Müller ◽  
Alexander Wree ◽  
Frank Tacke ◽  
Michael Sigal
Keyword(s):  
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Sclerosing Cholangitis ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Experimental Mouse ◽  
Biliary Malignancies ◽  
End Stage

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an immune-related cholangiopathy characterized by biliary inflammation, cholestasis, and multifocal bile duct strictures. It is associated with high rates of progression to end-stage liver disease as well as a significant risk of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), gallbladder cancer, and colorectal carcinoma. Currently, no effective medical treatment with an impact on the overall survival is available, and liver transplantation is the only curative treatment option. Emerging evidence indicates that gut microbiota is associated with disease pathogenesis. Several studies analyzing fecal and mucosal samples demonstrate a distinct gut microbiome in individuals with PSC compared to healthy controls and individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) without PSC. Experimental mouse and observational human data suggest that a diverse set of microbial functions may be relevant, including microbial metabolites and bacterial processing of pharmacological agents, bile acids, or dietary compounds, altogether driving the intrahepatic inflammation. Despite critical progress in this field over the past years, further functional characterization of the role of the microbiota in PSC and related malignancies is needed. In this review, we discuss the available data on the role of the gut microbiome and elucidate important insights into underlying pathogenic mechanisms and possible microbe-altering interventions.

scholarly journals 69766 Bariatric surgery to achieve transplant in end-stage organ diseasepatients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Babak Orandi ◽  
Joshua Purvis ◽  
Robert Cannon ◽  
Blair Smith ◽  
Cora Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
End Stage
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