Synthesis of Cross-Linking Chitosan-Hyaluronic Acid Based Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering Applications

Bio-ink properties have been extensively studied for use in the three-dimensional (3D) bio-printing process for tissue engineering applications. In this study, we developed a method to synthesize bio-ink using hyaluronic acid (HA) and sodium alginate (SA) without employing the chemical crosslinking agents of HA to 30% (w/v). Furthermore, we evaluated the properties of the obtained bio-inks to gauge their suitability in bio-printing, primarily focusing on their viscosity, printability, and shrinkage properties. Furthermore, the bio-ink encapsulating the cells (NIH3T3 fibroblast cell line) was characterized using a live/dead assay and WST-1 to assess the biocompatibility. It was inferred from the results that the blended hydrogel was successfully printed for all groups with viscosities of 883 Pa∙s (HA, 0% w/v), 1211 Pa∙s (HA, 10% w/v), and 1525 Pa∙s, (HA, 30% w/v) at a 0.1 s−1 shear rate. Their structures exhibited no significant shrinkage after CaCl2 crosslinking and maintained their integrity during the culture periods. The relative proliferation rate of the encapsulated cells in the HA/SA blended bio-ink was 70% higher than the SA-only bio-ink after the fourth day. These results suggest that the 3D printable HA/SA hydrogel could be used as the bio-ink for tissue engineering applications.

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Synthesis and characterization of polypyrrole-hyaluronic acid composite biomaterials for tissue engineering applications

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research ◽

10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(20000615)50:4<574::aid-jbm13>3.0.co;2-i ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 574-584 ◽

Cited By ~ 266

Author(s):

Joel H. Collier ◽

James P. Camp ◽

Terry W. Hudson ◽

Christine E. Schmidt

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Synthesis And Characterization ◽

Engineering Applications ◽

Composite Biomaterials

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Cellular Cross-linking of Peptide Modified Hydrogels

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.1865194 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 127 (2) ◽

pp. 220-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Jeanie L. Drury ◽

Tanyarut Boontheekul ◽

David J. Mooney

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tissue Engineering ◽

Cell Density ◽

Tensile Tests ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Engineering Applications ◽

C2c12 Myoblasts ◽

Polymer Systems ◽

Peptide Modification ◽

Adhesive Interactions

Peptide modification of hydrogel-forming materials is being widely explored as a means to regulate the phenotype of cells immobilized within the gels. Alternatively, we hypothesized that the adhesive interactions between cells and peptides coupled to the gel-forming materials would also enhance the overall mechanical properties of the gels. To test this hypothesis, alginate polymers were modified with RGDSP-containing peptides and the resultant polymer was used to encapsulate C2C12 myoblasts. The mechanical properties of these gels were then assessed as a function of both peptide and cell density using compression and tensile tests. Overall, it was found that above a critical peptide and cell density, encapsulated myoblasts were able to provide additional mechanical integrity to hydrogels composed of peptide-modified alginate. This occurred presumably by means of cell-peptide cross-linking of the alginate polymers, in addition to the usual Ca++ cross-linking. These results are potentially applicable to other polymer systems and important for a range of tissue engineering applications.

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Cross-linking methods of electrospun fibrinogen scaffolds for tissue engineering applications

Biomedical Materials ◽

10.1088/1748-6041/3/4/045001 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 045001 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Scott A Sell ◽

Michael P Francis ◽

Koyal Garg ◽

Michael J McClure ◽

David G Simpson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Engineering Applications

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Chemoselective cross-linking of alginate with thiol-terminated peptides for tissue engineering applications

Carbohydrate Polymers ◽

10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.01.089 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 88 (4) ◽

pp. 1239-1250 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Silvia Bubenikova ◽

Izabela-Cristina Stancu ◽

Lucia Kalinovska ◽

Etienne Schacht ◽

Evi Lippens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Engineering Applications

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Role of temperature on bio-printability of gelatin methacryloyl bioink in two-step cross-linking strategy for tissue engineering applications

Biomedical Materials ◽

10.1088/1748-605x/abbcc9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 015021

Author(s):

Mohsen Janmaleki ◽

Jun Liu ◽

Milad Kamkar ◽

Milad Azarmanesh ◽

Uttandaraman Sundararaj ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Engineering Applications

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Scaffolds and Tissue Engineering Applications by 3D Bio-Printing Process

Research Anthology on Emerging Technologies and Ethical Implications in Human Enhancement ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-8050-9.ch037 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 718-733

Author(s):

Ranjit Barua ◽

Sudipto Datta ◽

Pallab Datta ◽

Amit Roy Chowdhury

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tissue Engineering ◽

Manufacturing Process ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Engineering Applications ◽

Printing Process ◽

Important Thing ◽

Bone Scaffolds ◽

Complex Design ◽

Different Types

3D bio-printing is a revolutionary manufacturing process that is widely used in medical fields especially in preparing bone scaffolds and tissue engineering. With the help of new biocompatible material like polymers, bio-gels, ceramics, this technology has created a new site in advanced tissue engineering and scaffolds manufacturing area. Another important thing is that, with the use of CAD file software, any complex design can be prepared (i.e., this technology does not have any limited sites). But here it is very much essential to study and analyze machine printability characteristics, cross-linking time and biocompatibility of printing objects as well as bio-ink. However, mechanical properties like shear thinning, mechanical elasticity are also required. In this chapter, different types of scaffold-preparing methods and the bio-printing process are discussed, which are used in scaffold and tissue engineering.

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