Developing Climate Smart Aerobic Rice Varieties for Addressing the Problems of Water Scarcity and Global Warming

2017 ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
Nitika Sandhu ◽  
Virender Singh ◽  
Manvesh Kumar Sihag ◽  
Sunita Jain ◽  
Rajinder Kumar Jain
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Aerobic Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties

Performance of aerobic rice varieties under irrigated conditions in North China

2006 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.A.M. Bouman ◽  
Xiaoguang Yang ◽  
Huaqi Wang ◽  
Zhimin Wang ◽  
Junfang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Aerobic Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties

scholarly journals Mitigation efforts will not fully alleviate the increase in water scarcity occurrence probability in wheat-producing areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. eaau2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Trnka ◽  
Song Feng ◽  
Mikhail A. Semenov ◽  
Jørgen E. Olesen ◽  
Kurt Christian Kersebaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Representative Concentration Pathway ◽  
Occurrence Probability ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Change Mitigation

Global warming is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of severe water scarcity (SWS) events, which negatively affect rain-fed crops such as wheat, a key source of calories and protein for humans. Here, we develop a method to simultaneously quantify SWS over the world’s entire wheat-growing area and calculate the probabilities of multiple/sequential SWS events for baseline and future climates. Our projections show that, without climate change mitigation (representative concentration pathway 8.5), up to 60% of the current wheat-growing area will face simultaneous SWS events by the end of this century, compared to 15% today. Climate change stabilization in line with the Paris Agreement would substantially reduce the negative effects, but they would still double between 2041 and 2070 compared to current conditions. Future assessments of production shocks in food security should explicitly include the risk of severe, prolonged, and near-simultaneous droughts across key world wheat-producing areas.

Chile water reform may await next government

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pressure On Water Resources ◽  
Water Reform

Subject Reform of water-use rights. Significance Controversy over a bill to reform water-use rights, approved by the Chamber of Deputies on November 22 and now before the Senate, is partly ideological. However, it also reflects growing pressure on water resources and the prospect that, due to global warming as well as Chile’s economic development, this pressure will continue to mount. Impacts Given water scarcity in northern Chile, the mining industry will increasingly turn to seawater desalination. The introduction of fines for non-use of water rights in 2005 has not led to divestment of rights on the expected scale. Both sides in the debate allege that the proposed reform is ideological rather than technical in nature.

scholarly journals Domestic and International Drivers of the Demand for Water Resources in the Context of Water Scarcity: A Cross-Country Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Rakesh Gupta ◽  
Kejia Yan ◽  
Tarlok Singh ◽  
Di Mo
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
National Level ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Domestic Water

Global warming, while increasing human demand for water, is reducing water availability by reducing runoff flows and the effective amount of water between seasons, making water scarcity a growing problem globally. Water management plays an important role in mitigating global warming, improving the water cycle, reducing carbon emissions, and providing clean energy, and pricing water is considered a good approach to water management. Pricing water needs to take into account all sectors and aspects of society, such as domestic water, food and agriculture, energy, transport, industry, urban provision, human health, ecosystems, and the environment, and their interrelationships through water, within the context of the fundamental human rights to water and sanitation. This requires that every stakeholder should contribute to the development of water-related policies at every stage of the water interrelationship. This study investigated the relationship between water demand across different sectors of the economy using indicators for China, Australia, Japan, and the UK. Using panel analyses, this study finds that economic growth and population expansion increases the demand for water in all aspects. These findings have significant policy implications for water management. Because water prices can have an impact on global trade and, more importantly, are a major solution to global warming, water management policies should be considered at the global level, not only at the national level.

scholarly journals Generador de Agua mediante el uso de Celdas Peltier y Energía Solar

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
José Manuel Chávez ◽  
Daniel Fernando Espejel-Blanco ◽  
Fredy Alberto Hernández-Aguirre ◽  
Luis Eduardo Rascón-Barceló
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Control System ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Urban Activities

At present, the drought periods are longer due to global warming, which has generated scarcity and water rationing, these conditions become the main problem in remote villages to urban areas and with little infrastructure. Mexico, with 653 aquifers throughout its territory, 106 are overexploited due to agricultural, mining, industrial and urban activities, which projects to the country a possible depletion and contamination of its vital liquid. For this reason, in order to contribute to a solution to the problem of water scarcity, by applying a control system to the technology used by the Peltier cells, a moderate flow of water is generated, since it condenses the particles of water suspended in the air. In this way, an array of Peltier cells will be implemented to obtain as much water as possible under environmental factors, such as humidity and temperature. In addition, when dealing with areas where the climate is arid, it is intended to use alternative sources of energy, of autonomous photovoltaic type, to take advantage of solar radiation and feed the control system in a self-sustaining manner.

scholarly journals The role of effluent water irrigation in the mineral absorption of aerobic rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marks Ibadzade ◽  
Ágnes Kun ◽  
Árpád Székely ◽  
Tímea Szalóki ◽  
Károly Penksza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
River Water ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Aerobic Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Lysimeter Experiment ◽  
The Impact

AbstractQuality and quantity of different irrigation water types from conventional and alternative sources have a significant role on the productive parameters and chemical composition of crop plants. Appropriate alternative water sources and the reutilization of agricultural effluents can reduce the impact of rice production and animal husbandry on the natural water bodies. In the present study, influence of four different types of irrigation water was analyzed on the nutrient uptake (P, K, Ca, Mg, Na) of aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.) in a complex lysimeter experiment in two consecutive years. Early maturing Hungarian rice varieties (M 488 and Janka) were irrigated with traditional river water (RW) and different alternative irrigation sources to evaluate the feasibility of a sodium containing intensive fish farm effluent with (EWG) or without (EW) gypsum supplementation and with the addition of natural river water (EWGR). Significant effects on the mineral content of the aboveground biomass were measured. P uptake by M 488 and Janka decreased after the irrigation with EW in 2017. In case of EW, EWG and EWGR, the Na content increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) in both varieties; however, pre-treatment of salt containing effluent waters can moderate the stress level. As a consequence, the ability of both rice varieties to absorb Na suggests that rice production could be conditionally part of bioremediation of salt-affected soils and water bodies.

Potential option for mitigating methane emission from tropical paddy rice through selection of suitable rice varieties

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashmita Bharali ◽  
Kushal K. Baruah ◽  
Nirmali Gogoi
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Methane Emission ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Ch4 Emission ◽  
Cereal Crop ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Rice Agriculture ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Potential Option

Cultivation of rice, a globally important cereal crop, is a major cause of emission of the greenhouse gas (GHG) methane (CH4), giving rise to global warming. Physiological and anatomical characteristics of rice plants associated with CH4 emission were studied in six high-yielding rice varieties, Dikhow, Dishang, Jaya, Kolong, Kopilee and Lachit, during the pre-monsoon season (April–August) for 2 years (2013 and 2014) in a tropical climate in India. Significant differences (P < 0.001) in photosynthetic rate among the rice varieties were recorded and were found to influence CH4 emission from the ecosystem. Rate of CH4 emission was found correlated (r = 0.942) with size of the xylem vessels of the node of the varieties. Kolong, Lachit and Dikhow were identified as low CH4 emitters with smaller xylem vessels. The recorded GHG intensity (GHGI) revealed rice varieties as a source of GHGs, and among the varieties, Kopilee as a major source of CH4, with GHGI of 0.083 and 0.093 during 2013 and 2014, respectively. Results suggest that selection of suitable rice varieties with high grain yield accompanied by lower rate of CH4 emission can be a viable option for reduction of CH4 emissions from rice agriculture.

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