Velocity Distribution in Vortex Chamber at High Water Abstraction Ratio

2018 ◽  
pp. 459-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Athar ◽  
Shivani Srotriya
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
High Water ◽  
Vortex Chamber ◽  
Water Abstraction

scholarly journals A critical review of the Ganges Water Sharing arrangement

Water Policy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-276
Author(s):  
Kazi Saidur Rahman ◽  
Zahidul Islam ◽  
Umme Kulsum Navera ◽  
Fulco Ludwig
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
High Water ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Water Sharing ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
The Ganges ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The 1996 Ganges Water Sharing Treaty was an important breakthrough in solving disputes over sharing Ganges water between India and Bangladesh. This study evaluates cooperation reflected in the Treaty by performing a quantitative analysis on available water sharing data. The study recognized that inaccurate projection of future flow and the obligation of allocating guaranteed 991 m3/s flows perpetuate the ongoing water sharing conflicts. The provision of guaranteed minimal flow alternately to India and Bangladesh during critical periods leads to frequent occurrences of low-flow events. Results indicated that the Treaty underestimated the impact of climate variability and possibly increasing upstream water abstraction. Statistical analysis of the post-Treaty data (1997–2016) also indicated that 65% of the time Bangladesh did not receive its guaranteed share during critical dry periods with high water demand. It is advised to project the reliable water availability using a combination of modelling and improved observation of river flows. In addition, the condition of minimum guaranteed share should be removed to reduce the frequency of low-flow events in future. Although our analyses show a number of weaknesses, the Treaty could still enhance the future regional cooperation if some adjustments are made to the current terms and conditions.

scholarly journals Time of use tariffs: implications for water efficiency

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Cole ◽  
Kelvin O'Halloran ◽  
Rodney A. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Water Source ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Water Efficiency ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Network Modelling ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Annual Peak

Water utilities undertake long term planning for water source security, often with forecast cycles of 20–30 years. Whilst this planning is generally involved with investigations of source water abstraction security and the need to build dams or to increase the recharge rate of groundwater aquifers, planning for water efficiency gains occurs at annual intervals. Most water utilities in Australia are heavily engaged in water efficiency initiatives with rebate schemes for domestic water-efficient devices being ubiquitous across the industry. Wide Bay Water Corporation (WBWC) also engages in these activities but is increasingly interested in the concept of Time of Use Tariffs (TOUTs) to target high water users in order to reduce their demand on the system. In 2006, WBWC introduced smart metering technology across the city which captures hourly use data. Interrogation of this data has led to the ability to identify water use patterns for every domestic and commercial water customer and to design specific interventions to encourage water efficiency, such as a TOUT for domestic customers. A TOUT has been developed that imposes a penalty on all individual consumption greater than 600 L in any hourly interval of any day in the year. The tariff was designed to reduce both the annual peak hour and peak day demand. The ability to reduce both of these infrastructure design parameters may have the potential to deliver substantial savings in infrastructure planning and deployment. This paper details the design process of this tariff, examines the infrastructure savings potential derived by network modelling and explores the regulatory framework hurdles to be overcome in order to implement such tariffs in the water industry.

scholarly journals Potential of Wind Energy Development for Water Abstraction Systems in Developing Country Context: A Case of Teso Sub-Region of Uganda

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Tondo Kasozi ◽  
Nicholas Kiggundu ◽  
Joshua Wanyama ◽  
Noble Banadda
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Density ◽  
High Water ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
Wind Power Density ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Wind Energy Development

Wind energy powered pumps could be an alternative to conventional fuel powered pumps for water abstraction because they rely on a free energy and they are environmentally friendly. The objective of this study was to assess the potential of wind energy to operate water abstraction systems in Teso sub-region of Uganda for livestock watering Daily mean wind speeds recorded at a height of 10 m for a period of ten years (2005–2015) were collected from Amuria and Soroti Meteorological stations in the study area. Data were analyzed using Weibull distribution to evaluate the annual wind speed frequency distributions and consequently assess their potential for water abstraction. The results indicated that warmer months (January, February and March) have higher mean wind speeds than the cold months (August, September and October). High wind speeds in the dry seasons corresponded to the periods of high water demand. The highest shape parameter (k) of 3.07 was registered in 2009 and scale parameter (c) of 3.78 in 2012. The highest wind power density of 43 W/m2 was obtained the year 2012 while the lowest wind power density of 15.47 W/m2 was obtained for Soroti district in the year 2009. The maximum power extractable in Amuria in 2012 was 324 W/m2 which is potentially enough for water abstraction. Maximum discharges of 1.86 m3/s and 1.52 m3/s were obtained for Amuria and Soroti districts respectively at mean wind speeds of 5 m/s. Therefore, Teso sub region winds have potential for water abstraction and Amuria district better sites for livestock watering using wind energy.

scholarly journals Effect of chamber diameter of vortex gripper on maximum suction force and flow field

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 168781401983740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching Wang ◽  
Jianghong Zhao ◽  
Xin Li
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Vortex Chamber ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Circumferential Velocity ◽  
Suction Force

The vortex gripper is a non-contact suction device that uses a high-speed rotating airflow to create a negative pressure and suction force. In this research, we studied the effect of the vortex gripper’s diameter on the maximum suction force and internal flow field. First, we proposed a simplified theoretical model of the maximum suction force and predicted the influences of changing the diameter. Then, we obtained the maximum suction forces of the grippers with different diameters through the experiment. Both the theoretical and experimental results show that changing the diameter of the vortex gripper increases the maximum suction force. However, with the increase in the diameter, the prediction of the trend of the maximum suction force is inconsistent with the experimental results. To analyze the difference between the theoretical and experimental results, we further measured the pressure distribution of the vortex gripper and calculated the pressure gradient. The pressure distribution showed that the maximum negative pressure decreases while the diameter increases, and there is a pressure platform, which dominates the central area of the chamber. Next, we indirectly obtained the circumferential velocity distribution based on the relationship between the pressure gradient and circumferential velocity. The results of the circumferential velocity distribution reveal that the high-speed rotating airflow only exists in the area near the inner wall of the vortex chamber, while the circumferential velocity in the central part of the vortex chamber is extremely slow. In addition, the results clarify that the inaccurate assumption of velocity distribution of the simplified theoretical model is the main cause of the theoretical prediction bias.

On the pressure drop and the velocity distribution in the cylindrical vortex chamber with two inlet pipes for the control of vortex flow

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Ogawa ◽  
Tutomu Oono ◽  
Hayato Okabe ◽  
Noriaki Akiba ◽  
Taketo Ooyagi
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Vortex Flow ◽  
Vortex Chamber ◽  
Cylindrical Vortex

Dynamics of comets in the collapsing protosolar nebula

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
L. Neslušan
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Oort Cloud ◽  
Interstellar Clouds ◽  
Protosolar Nebula ◽  
Moving Bodies

AbstractComets are created in the cool, dense regions of interstellar clouds. These macroscopic bodies take place in the collapse of protostar cloud as mechanically moving bodies in contrast to the gas and miscroscopic dust holding the laws of hydrodynamics. In the presented contribution, there is given an evidence concerning the Solar system comets: if the velocity distribution of comets before the collapse was similar to that in the Oort cloud at the present, then the comets remained at large cloud-centric distances. Hence, the comets in the solar Oort cloud represent a relict of the nebular stage of the Solar system.

The ultrastructure of the abdominal musculature of an orchestid amphipod

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-465
Author(s):  
Martin A. Levin ◽  
Lisa L. Cale ◽  
Valerie Lynch-Holm
Keyword(s):  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
High Water ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Abdominal Musculature ◽  
Dorsal Muscle ◽  
High Water Mark ◽  
Thoracic Legs ◽  
Orchestia Cavimana

Orchestia is a genus of amphipod in the crustacean class Malacostraca. The order Amphipoda contains over 6000 species commonly called side swimmers, scuds and beach fleas(1). Most are marine bottom-dwellers utilizing their thoracic legs and posterior abdominal uropods for walking, crawling and swimming. However, some, like those in the genera Orchestia and Hyale are semiterrestrial. These amphipods, commonly referred to as “beach fleas,' “beach hoppers” or “sand fleas” can hop vigorously for great distances (up to 50 times their length) by extending their abdomens and telsons against the sand(2).In our study, the ultrastructure of the dorsal muscle cord of Orchestia grillus was examined. Vogel(3) described the abdominal muscles of Orchestia cavimana as consisting of two groups of muscles: a strong, complex, dorsal muscle cord used mainly for hopping and a group of weaker, ventral, longitudinal and oblique muscles.The specimens were collected in clumps of decaying seaweed and other detritus from the intertidal zone near the high water mark at Avery Point Beach, Connecticut.

VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION EFFECTS IN AIR FILTER TESTING

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANK CHAMBERS ◽  
ABDEL AL-SARKHI ◽  
SHENGHONG YAO
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Air Filter
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