Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases

2020 ◽  
pp. 277-297
Author(s):  
Olorunfemi R. Molehin ◽  
Stephen A. Adefegha ◽  
Anne A. Adeyanju
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases

Role of Oxidative Stress in Modulating Cutaneous Vasodilation and Sweating During Exercise in Type-2 Diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5S) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Pegah Akbari ◽  
Naoto Fujii ◽  
Sheila Dervis ◽  
Robert D. Meade ◽  
Pierre Boulay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cutaneous Vasodilation

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Age-Associated Type 2 Diabetes in Rats—Role of Estrogens and Oxidative Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Díaz ◽  
Raúl López-Grueso ◽  
Juan Gambini ◽  
Daniel Monleón ◽  
Cristina Mas-Bargues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Estrogen Replacement Therapy ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Estrogen Replacement ◽  
Antioxidant Genes

Females live longer than males, and the estrogens are one of the reasons for this difference. We reported some years ago that estrogens are able to protect rats against oxidative stress, by inducing antioxidant genes. Type 2 diabetes is an age-associated disease in which oxidative stress is involved, and moreover, some studies show that the prevalence is higher in men than in women, and therefore there are sex-associated differences. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of estrogens in protecting against oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic males and females. For this purpose, we used Goto-Kakizaki rats, which develop type 2 diabetes with age. We found that female diabetic rats showed lower glycaemia levels with age than did diabetic males and that estrogens enhanced insulin sensitivity in diabetic females. Moreover, glucose uptake, measured by positron emission tomography, was higher in the female brain, cerebellum, and heart than in those from male diabetic rats. There were also sex-associated differences in the plasma metabolic profile as determined by metabolomics. The metabolic profile was similar between estrogen-replaced and control diabetic rats and different from ovariectomized diabetic rats. Oxidative stress is involved in these differences. We showed that hepatic mitochondria from females produced less hydrogen peroxide levels and exhibited lower xanthine oxidase activity. We also found that hepatic mitochondrial glutathione oxidation and lipid oxidation levels were lower in diabetic females when compared with diabetic males. Ovariectomy induced oxidative stress, and estrogen replacement therapy prevented it. These findings provide evidence for estrogen beneficial effects in type 2 diabetes and should be considered when prescribing estrogen replacement therapy to menopausal women.

scholarly journals A Role of Oxidative Stress-Generated Eicosanoid in the Progression of Arteriosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Model Rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori SHINOMIYA ◽  
Megumu FUKUNAGA ◽  
Hideyasu KIYOMOTO ◽  
Katsufumi MIZUSHIGE ◽  
Teppei TSUJI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Protective Role of Terminalia superba Ethyl Acetate Extract Against Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes

Pharmacologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 355-361
Author(s):  
Ngueguim Tsofack Florence ◽  
Tabi Nkoulou Thierry ◽  
Dzeufiet Djomeni Paul Desir ◽  
Tsala David Emeryb ◽  
Dongmo Alain Blaise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Terminalia Superba

scholarly journals The role of nonesterified fatty acids in pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Tsvetkova ◽  
V. N. Khirmanov ◽  
N. N. Zybina
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Sudden Death

The paper reviews publications concerned the role of nonesterifi ed fatty acids (NEFA) in pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. NEFAs are four and more carbons chain length carbonic acids and they are presented in free form (nonesterifi ed) in human body. Plasma NEFAs are produced by the adipose tissue triglyceride lipolysis, another source are lipoproteins such as chylomicrons, very low density lipoproteins and intermediate density lipoproteins. Elevated NEFA concentrations in plasma are the risk factor of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus and the independent risk factor of hypertension and sudden death. NEFA plasma concentration is elevated in atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, and often in metabolic syndrome. A probable cause of NEFAs accumulation in plasma may be overeating and low physical activity, which result in increase of adipose tissue mass, lipolysis intensifi cation and elevation of NEFAs concentration in plasma. The role of elevated plasma NEFA concentration in a number of conditions (abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, endothelial dysfunction, vascular infl ammation, atherosclerosis, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, rhythm disturbances, sudden death) and possible ways of their correction are discussed.

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