A Study for the Effect of Antioxidant EDA and Aluminium Hydroxide Additives to Mitigate CO and NOx Emissions in Biodiesel–Diesel Blend Fuelled CI Engine

2021 ◽  
pp. 487-497
Author(s):  
Ajai Prasad Nigam ◽  
Shailendra Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Aluminium Hydroxide ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Ci Engine

scholarly journals Influence of blends of diesel and renewable fuels on CI engine emissions over transient engine conditions.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriaan Smuts Van Niekerk ◽  
Benjamin Drew ◽  
Neil Larsen ◽  
Peter Kay
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Engine Emissions ◽  
Drive Cycle ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Ci Engine

To reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released from transportation the EU has implemented legislation to mandate the renewable content of petrol and diesel fuels. However, due to the complexity of the combustion process the addition of renewable content, such as biodiesel and ethanol, can have a detrimental effect on other engine emissions. In particular the engine load can have a significant impact on the emissions. Most research that have studied this issue are based on steady state tests, that are unrealistic of real world driving and will not capture the difference between full and part loads. This study aims to address this by investigating the effect of renewable fuel blends of diesel, biodiesel and ethanol on the emissions of a compression ignition engine tested over the World Harmonised Light Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP). Diesel, biodiesel and ethanol were blended to form binary and ternary blends, the ratios were determined by Design of Experiments (DoE). The total amount of emissions for CO, CO2 and NOx as well as the fuel consumption, were measured from a 2.4 liter compression ignition (CI) engine running over the WLTP drive cycle. The results depicted that percentages smaller than 10 % of ethanol in the fuel blend can reduce CO emissions, CO2 emissions as well as NOx emissions, but increases fuel consumption with increasing percentage of ethanol in the fuel blend. Blends with biodiesel resulted in minor increases in CO emissions due to the engine being operated in the low and medium load regions over the WLTP. CO2 emissions as well as NOx emissions increased as a result of the high oxygen content in biodiesel which promoted better combustion. Fuel consumption increased for blends with biodiesel as a result from biodiesel's lower heating value. All the statistical models describing the engine responses were significant and this demonstrated that a mixture DoE is suitable to quantify the effect of fuel blends on an engine's emissions response. An optimised ternary blend of B2E9 was found to be suitable as a 'drop in' fuel that will reduce harmful emissions of CO emissions by approximately 34 %, NOx emissions by 10 % and CO2 emissions by 21 % for transient engine operating scenarios such as the WLTP drive cycle.

Investigations of DI CI engine using algal particles contained coconut biodiesel

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Katam Ganesh Babu ◽  
A. Veeresh Babu ◽  
K. Madhu Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Engine Performance ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Greenhouse Emissions ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Ci Engine

Day to day increasing vehicles usage for human activities is caused to accumulate greenhouse emissions into the environment. The biodiesel is a best alternative fuel to run diesel engines. But its lower Calorific value and higher NOx emissions makes the consumer should compromise with engine performance and emission characteristics. As we know, that the use of additives to improve engine Combustion and emissions are caused to increase the fuel cost due to the higher cost of additives. The biodiesel conversion process of third generation biodiesel is costlier and required technological advancements for qualitative fuel. In the present work, the author used mixed culture micro algal particles in Coconut biodiesel (CCNME+AP) to improve engine characteristics. The Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) was enhanced, and the NOx emissions were less due to the absorption of heat in the Combustion chamber, it led to cool combustion phenomena with the Algal particles contained Coconut Biodiesel (CCNME+AP).

The Effect of Using High FFA Rubber Seed Based Biodiesel With Cold and Hot EGR on Performance and Emissions of a CI Engine

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Baiju ◽  
L. M. Das ◽  
M. K. G. Babu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Ci Engines

This paper analyses the effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on the engine performance and emissions of a compression ignition (CI) engine operating on diesel-biodiesel (rubber seed oil methyl ester) blends. Biodiesel operated engines generally produce less unburned hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and smoke compared to diesel fuel but more NOx emissions. NOx formation is a temperature dependent phenomenon and takes place when the combustion temperature is more than 2000K. EGR is an effective method for reducing NOx emissions in CI engines because it reduces the flame temperature and the oxygen concentration in the combustion chamber. In this study both hot EGR and cold EGR (5%, 10% and 15%) are used. It was found that NOx emission decreases substantially with both hot and cold EGR but smoke and carbon monoxide emissions are increasing with higher EGR rates. Brake thermal efficiency (BTE) increases with hot egr but cold EGR gives lower thermal efficiency than hot egr. Hot EGR emits less smoke and less NOx at higher loads compared to cold EGR. It was observed that exhaust gas between 10% and 15% can be recirculated for getting better results. The use of EGR is thus considered to be one of the most effective in reducing NOx emissions.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Diesel Engine using Moringa Oil Methyl Ester with Fumigation Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1783-1786
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Biodiesel Blend ◽  
Moringa Oil

The paper investigated the effect of 1-hexanol fumigation in an engine performance using Moringa biodiesel blend. In this research, the biodiesel used is processed from Moringa Olifera seed. In this research tests were performed with the modification of a CI engine to carburet the hexanol into the intake manifold. Initially the experiment was conducted with diesel and Moringa biodiesel (MOME25), and then the test was conducted with various proportions of fumigated hexanol along with MOBD25. Results revealed that, the BTE was increased by 1.08% for MOBD25 with 10% n-hexanol fumigation compared with other diesel and other proportions of fumigations with MOBD25 blend. The NOx emission and smoke were diminished by 36% and 38% respectively for MOBD25 with 30% n-hexanol fumigation. It is concluded that 30% n-hexanol fumigation with MOBD25 blend drastically reduce the NOx emissions with the penalty of BTE.

scholarly journals Study of Indicators of CI Engine Running on Conventional Diesel and Chicken Fat Mixtures Changing EGR

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1411
Author(s):  
Alfredas Rimkus ◽  
Tadas Vipartas ◽  
Jonas Matijošius ◽  
Saulius Stravinskas ◽  
Donatas Kriaučiūnas
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Chicken Fat ◽  
Rate Of Heat Release ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
Gas Recirculation ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

This article presents a change in the indicators of a compression ignition (CI) engine by replacing conventional diesel fuel (D100) with pure chicken fat (F100) and mixtures of these fuels. Mixtures of diesel and fat with volume ratios of 70/30, 50/50 and 30/70 were used. Research of the fuel properties was conducted. In order to reduce the fuel viscosity, blends of fat and diesel were heated. The experimental research was conducted at different engine loads with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) both off and on. The conducted analysis of the combustion process revealed a significant change in the rate of heat release (ROHR) when replacing diesel with chicken fat. Chicken fat was found to increase the CO2 and CO emissions, leaving hydrocarbon (HC) emissions nearly unchanged. Having replaced the D100 with diesel and chicken fat mixtures or F100, a significant reduction in smoke and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions was observed when EGR was off. When EGR was on, the smoke level increased, but the blends with chicken fat reduced it significantly, and the increased fat content in the fuel mixture reduced the NOx emissions. The engine’s brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) increased while the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) decreased, having replaced conventional diesel with chicken fat due to differences in the fuel energy properties and the combustion process.

A review on various after treatment techniques to reduce NOx emissions in a CI engine

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 704-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Praveena ◽  
M. Leenus Jesu Martin
Keyword(s):  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Ci Engine

scholarly journals Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) using Zeolite for Reduction of NOx Emissions in C.I. Engines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayush Dwivedi ◽  
Hemraj Chaudhary ◽  
Venkateshwarlu Chintala ◽  
Ashish Karn
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Selective Catalyst ◽  
Reduction Of Nox ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Catalyst Reduction ◽  
Scr System

The current study is aimed for reduction of NOx emission (oxides of nitrogen) from a direct injection CI engine by SCR (selective catalytic reduction) technology. The SCR system was developed originally at the (CAER) Centre for alternate and renewable energy in which zeolite was used as a catalyst. The developed SCR system was integrated with a single chamber direct injection CI engine of 3.7 kW rated power at 1500 rpm. Experimental tests results revealed the significant reduction of NOx emission with SCR system at all engine loads. Experimental design of the investigation typified obtaining standard behaviour of the engine i.e., without SCR followed by engine's information after the presentation of SCR framework. It is investigated from the exploratory tests results that hydrocarbon (HC) emission was highest about 20ppm at 10kg load yet at 4kg load it decreased to 16ppm. Carbon monoxide (CO) emission was moderately increased with SCR system. NOx emission are minimum with SCR at all engine loading conditions as compared to without SCR system. An experimental time study is also done & readings being taken in the time interval of 5 minutes. A difference of 10ppm hydrocarbon emission has been measured in between 15-20 minutes. In the NOx emissions, a difference of 97 ppm has been observed while using the SCR system. Henceforth, the introduction of SCR to the engine minimizes the emissions & enhance the combustion performance along with the benefit of reduction in NOx emissions. After the complete analysis of the data, the outcomes demonstrate a positive impact on the selective catalyst reduction (SCR) system set up with the engine.

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