A Partial Replacement of Cement Using Extract Powder Form of Silica Aerogel

Ambient pressure silica aerogel thin films have recently been prepared by exploiting reversible drying shrinkage caused by derivatization of the internal gel surface. Aerogels have porosities of upto 99.9% and due to the small size of the pores (few nanometers), large capillary stresses are produced in gels that are partially saturated with a wetting liquid. As a result of these capillary stresses, the flexible silica network undergoes strain which has been observed using environmental microscopy. This technique allows variation of the equilibrium vapor pressure and temperature, and a simultaneous monitoring of the deformation of the unconstrained film thickness. We have observed >600% deformation during the pore-filling and pore-emptying cycles. In this presentation, we discuss the unique stress-strain behavior of these films.Ref.: Sai S. Prakash, C. Jeffrey Brinker, Alan J. Hurd & Sudeep M. Rao, "Silica aerogel films prepared at ambient pressure by using surface derivatization to induce reversible drying shrinkage", Nature. Vol. 374, 30 March, 1995, 439-443.

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Partial replacement of K+ with RB+ in the rat brain in vivo does not change the tissue potassium dynamics after focal cerebral ischemia and is detectable by 87Rb MRI

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism ◽

10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9591524.0279 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽

pp. S279-S279

Author(s):

Victor E Yushmanov ◽

Alexander Kharlamov ◽

Eli J Wasserman ◽

Fernando E Boada ◽

Stephen C Jones

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Ischemia ◽

Rat Brain ◽

Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Potassium Dynamics

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Review on Experimental Study on Effect of Corrosion In Reinforced Concrete Fly-Ash Beam

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology ◽

10.32628/ijsrst207318 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 92-96

Author(s):

Shubham N. Dadgal ◽

Shrikant Solanke

Keyword(s):

Fly Ash ◽

Bond Strength ◽

Structural Damage ◽

Pullout Test ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Structural Members ◽

Accelerated Corrosion ◽

Resistivity Method ◽

Electrical Resistivity Method ◽

Structural Failures

In modern days for structures in coastal areas it has been observed that the premature structural failures are occurs due to corrosion of the reinforcements of the designed structural member. The corrosion causes the structural damage which in turn leads to reduction in the bearing capacity of the concerned structural members. The aim of this study was to study the effect of partial replacement of fly ash to minimize the corrosion effect. Beams were designed and corroded by using artificial method known accelerated corrosion method. The beams were then tested for flexural and bond strength. Also the weight loss of the reinforced bars was been determined using electrical resistivity method. The fly ash will replace by 10% and 15%.The strength will calculate at varying percentage of corrosion at 10% and 15%. Beams will cast at M25 grade concrete. The flexural strength will test by using UTM and the bond strength will calculate using pullout test.

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A Review on Utilization of Fly- Ash and Pond-Ash as a Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete Mix Design

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science Engineering and Technology ◽

10.32628/ijsrset196270 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 413-418

Author(s):

Harshkumar Patel ◽

Yogesh Patel

Keyword(s):

Fly Ash ◽

Electricity Generation ◽

Power Plants ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Thermal Power ◽

Strength Test ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Pond Ash ◽

Research Activities ◽

Ash Disposal

Now-a-days energy planners are aiming to increase the use of renewable energy sources and nuclear to meet the electricity generation. But till now coal-based power plants are the major source of electricity generation. Disadvantages of coal-based thermal power plants is disposal problem of fly ash and pond ash. It was earlier considered as a total waste and environmental hazard thus its use was limited, but now its useful properties have been known as raw material for various application in construction field. Fly ash from the thermal plants is available in large quantities in fine and coarse form. Fine fly ash is used in construction industry in some amount and coarse fly ash is subsequently disposed over land in slurry forms. In India around 180 MT fly is produced and only around 45% of that is being utilized in different sectors. Balance fly ash is being disposed over land. It needs one acre of land for ash disposal to produce 1MW electricity from coal. Fly ash and pond ash utilization helps to reduce the consumption of natural resources. The fly ash became available in coal based thermal power station in the year 1930 in USA. For its gainful utilization, scientist started research activities and in the year 1937, R.E. Davis and his associates at university of California published research details on use of fly ash in cement concrete. This research had laid foundation for its specification, testing & usages. This study reports the potential use of pond-ash and fly-ash as cement in concrete mixes. In this present study of concrete produced using fly ash, pond ash and OPC 53 grade will be carried. An attempt will be made to investigate characteristics of OPC concrete with combined fly ash and pond ash mixed concrete for Compressive Strength test, Split Tensile Strength test, Flexural Strength test and Durability tests. This paper deals with the review of literature for fly-ash and pond-ash as partial replacement of cement in concrete.

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Use of cold tolerant eucalyptus species as a partial replacement for southern mixed hardwoods

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj11.7.29 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 29-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

PETER W. HART ◽

DALE E. NUTTER

Keyword(s):

Potential Method ◽

The United States ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Growth Time ◽

Eucalyptus Species ◽

Cold Tolerant ◽

Hardwood Pulp ◽

Time Required ◽

The Cost ◽

Operational Data

During the last several years, the increasing cost and decreasing availability of mixed southern hardwoods have resulted in financial and production difficulties for southern U.S. mills that use a significant percentage of hardwood kraft pulp. Traditionally, in the United States, hardwoods are not plantation grown because of the growth time required to produce a quality tree suitable for pulping. One potential method of mitigating the cost and supply issues associated with the use of native hardwoods is to grow eucalyptus in plantations for the sole purpose of producing hardwood pulp. However, most of the eucalyptus species used in pulping elsewhere in the world are not capable of surviving in the southern U.S. climate. This study examines the potential of seven different cold-tolerant eucalyptus species to be used as replacements for, or supplements to, mixed southern hardwoods. The laboratory pulping and bleaching aspects of these seven species are discussed, along with pertinent mill operational data. Selected mill trial data also are reviewed.

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