Fetal H-2 odortypes are evident in the urine of pregnant female mice

1994 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
GaryK. Beauchamp ◽  
Kunio Yamazaki ◽  
Maryanne Curran ◽  
Judith Bard ◽  
EdwardA. Boyse
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Female ◽  
Female Mice

scholarly journals The Effect of Folic Acid as Supportive Therapy of Spiramycine on Weight of Foetus to Toxoplasma gondii – Infected Pregnant Mice (Mus musculus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Alfina Azkiana ◽  
Boedi Setiawan ◽  
Erma Safitri ◽  
Lucia Tri Suwanti ◽  
Mufasirin Mufasirin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Pregnant Female ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Analytical Balance ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Pregnant Mice ◽  
T1 And T2

This research aimed to investigate the effect of folic acid as supportive therapy of spiramycine on weight of foetus to Toxoplasma gondii-infected pregnant mice (Mus musculus). Twenty pregnant female mice were divided into four groups as C -, C +, T1 and T2. C +, T1 and T2 were infected by Toxoplasma gondii. C – and C + administered orally 0.5 ml aquadest, T1 administered orally 130 mg/kg BW spiramycine and 0.052 µg/g BW folic acid and T2 administered orally 0.052 µg/g BW folic acid. Experimental groups received the treatments for 5 days, then animals of each groups were sacrified. Foetuses were dissected out for observation. The weight of fetuses were measured using an analytical balance. The data weight of foetuses was presented descriptively and analyzed by ANOVA test and continued by Tukey HSD. From this study, the weight of foetuses from the pregnant mice of T1 and T2 have difference compared with the controls. The result of this research is folic acid affects the weight of foetuses to Toxoplasma gondii-infected pregnant mice.

scholarly journals Co-factor Influences the Severity of Zika Virus-Associated Microcephaly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Barreto Nogueira ◽  
Breno Bonadies Andrade ◽  
Leonardo Yuri Kasputis Zanini ◽  
Hillary Sayuri Ramires Hoshino ◽  
Natalia Camargo Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Model ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Methylation Pattern ◽  
Mtor Signaling ◽  
Pregnant Female ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Nutritional Deficits

Microcephaly has been regarded the most remarkable consequence of the Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic in Brazil 2015. It remains to be determined whether there are factors that contribute to the degree of brain lesion associated with ZIKV infection during pregnancy. Previous studies showed that socioeconomic conditions correlate with ZIKV-associated microcephaly. Certain nutritional deficits display the potential to interfere in the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, which plays a major role in the pathophysiology of ZIKV-associated microcephaly. We hypothesize that a nutritional or environmental co-factor that interferes in mTOR signaling correlates with ZIKV-associated birth defects. To assess this hypothesis, we plan to: 1) develop a mouse model of ZIKV-associated microcephaly through intravenous injection of ZIKV and rapamycin for a straightforward interference on mTOR receptor; 2) determine in the experimental model and in cases of ZIKV-associated microcephaly the epigenetic signature (DNA methylation pattern) in neurons and muscle cells harvested by biopsy, and in hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells sorted from blood; 3) analyze through mass spectrometry in serum of pregnant female mice submitted to ZIKV and rapamycin injection and in serum of mothers of children with ZIKV-associated microcephaly the metabolomic pattern of cholesterol (a nutritional status marker), vitamin A and its metabolite retinoic acid, folate, and other metabolites related to these three nutritional factors; 4) check whether pregnant female mice submitted to intravenous injection of ZIKV and feed with a deficient diet of the most likely co-factor found in this study give birth to microcephalic mice with features that mimic clinical cases. In summary, our general objective is to develop an experimental model that mimics ZIKV-associated microcephaly cases and to find a co-factor involved in the microcephaly outbreak in Brazil 2015.

The Relationship Between Pregnancy Block and Infanticide in House Mice (Mus Musculus Domesticus) During Lactational Pregnancy

Behaviour ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 133 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 1023-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Lenington ◽  
Carol B. Coopersmith
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Pregnant Female ◽  
Delivery Rate ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Mus Musculus Domesticus ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Postpartum Estrus ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractRecently mated female house mice separated from their mates and exposed to unfamiliar (strange) males often undergo pregnancy disruption. A favored explanation for this phenomenon, known as pregnancy block, is that it has evolved as a female counterresponse to potential infanticide by males. Curiously, pregnancy block is believed not to occur during lactational pregnancy, even though that lactational pregnancy is thought to be common in house mice. We examined the potential for male-induced pregnancy block to occur during lactational pregnancy in female mice after lactation disruption by both male infanticide (Expt 1) and litter removal (Expt 2). Strange males were paired with females that had both recently given birth to a first litter and potentially been reimpregnanted by the original stud male during postpartum estrus. Hence, some of the females' second litters were sired by the stud males and pregnancy block could then be detected as a drop in the delivery rate of such litters among these experimental females relative to control females that were not exposed to strange males. Pairs remained housed together until after a second litter was born. Thus, we were also able to measure the influence of prolonged heterosexual cohabitation on infanticide by strange males towards subsequent litters. If, as some have found, non-sexual contact with a pregnant female suppresses male infanticide, then the importance of male infanticide as an explanation for pregnancy block is further drawn into question. When strange males were introduced to lactating dams approximately one and a half days postpartum (Expt 1), male infanticide effectively halted lactation. However, none of these females subsequently showed pregnancy block. In contrast, when strange males were introduced to dams approximately one day postpartum and lactation was interrupted even earlier (Expt 2), pregnancy block did occur. There was no evidence for a cohabitation-induced reduction of male infanticide in either experiment; most strange males initially categorized as infanticidal subsequently killed females' second litters, provided they had not sired those litters. Despite the lack of cohabitation effects on male infanticide, because pregnancy block may only occur under restricted conditions during lactational pregnancy, the role of male infanticide in shaping the evolution of pregnancy block may be less straightforward than previously thought.

The effects of pregnancy and treatment with progesterone on the host–parasite relationship of Amplicaecum robertsi Sprent & Mines, 1960, in the mouse

Parasitology ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Dobson
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Female ◽  
Normal Female ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Hormone Balance ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Relationship Of

Male mice harboured more third-stage larvae of Amplicaecum robertsi than females; these larvae also grew longer than did those in female mice. Gonadectomy removed the differences, evident between the sexes, in both the numbers recovered and the growth of the third-stage larva, between male and female mice. The worms recovered from the gonadectomized hosts were smaller than those from the intact male and female host.Pregnant female mice harboured more worms than either the male or the non-pregnant female mouse. These worms were also smaller than those from the male and non-pregnant females. There was no difference in the growth of the larvae from gonadectomized and pregnant hosts.The treatment of spayed female mice with progesterone resulted in an increase in the size of worm population as compared with the numbers of worms recovered from intact female mice. The worms from the progesterone-treated spayed females were also longer than those from the spayed female hosts.Treatment of normal female mice with progesterone resulted in an increased recovery of worms compared with the numbers of worms recovered from normal female animals. The worms were stunted but they were of a size comparable to those recovered from pregnant female mice.It is suggested that the increase in the size of worm populations and the stunting of the worms recovered from pregnant female mice is associated with the effects of progesterone in relation to the hormone balance associated with the ovary at the time of pregnancy.

PRODUCTION OF CONGENITAL DEFECTS IN THE OFFSPRING OF PREGNANT MICE TREATED WITH CORTISONE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-533
Author(s):  
F. CLARKE FRASER ◽  
T. D. FAINSTAT
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Pregnant Female ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Genetic Constitution ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Pregnant Mice ◽  
Gestational Stage

It has been shown that cortisone, injected into pregnant female mice, will produce cleft palate and other congenital malformations in the resulting young. The incidence of cleft palate varies according to the genetic constitution of the treated mice, the dosage of cortisone used and the gestational stage at which treatment is begun.

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