Dry matter production and photosynthetic capacity in Gossypium hirsutum L. under conditions of slightly suboptimum leaf temperatures and high levels of irradiance

Oecologia ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Winter ◽  
Martina K�niger
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Matter Production

scholarly journals COMPORTAMENTO DE GENÓTIPOS DE ALGODÃO HERBÁCEO EM FUNÇÃO DA SALINIDADE DO SOLO.

Irriga ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Sérgio Oliveira Pinto de Queiroz ◽  
Leonardo Theodoro Bull
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Root Relation ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Specific Influence

COMPORTAMENTO DE GENÓTIPOS DE ALGODÃO HERBÁCEO EM FUNÇÃO DA SALINIDADE DO SOLO.  Sérgio Oliveira Pinto de QueirozDoutorando, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Água e Solos, Campinas, SP, CEP 13093.970,Cx. Postal 6011, tel.: (019) 3788 1029, fax: (019) 3788 1010.Leonardo Theodoro BüllProfessor Titular, D. Sc., Departamento de Recursos Naturais, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Fazenda Experimental Lageado, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18603 970, Cx. Postal 237, telefax: (14)6802 7169.  1 RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar algumas variáveis fisiológicas de cinco cultivares de algodão (Gossypium hirsutum, L.) expostos à condições salino-sódicas do solo e a influência específica do sódio sobre os cultivares ACALA 1, PRECOCE 1, IAC 19, IAC 20 e EPAMIG 4.O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, sendo utilizados vasos plásticos com 8,5 kg de terra, nos quais foi aplicado NaCl, em quantidades suficientes para aumentar o  nível de condutividade elétrica de 0 para 8, 16 e 24 dS. m-1 a 25º C.  Em cada vaso foram aplicados 150 mg kg-1 de fósforo, além de solução nutritiva contendo 30 mg kg-1 de N e 40 mg kg-1 de K aos 15, 30 e 45 dias e semanalmente os vasos receberam solução diluída de micronutrientes.Os parâmetros fisiológicos avaliados foram altura de plantas, produção de matéria seca, relação parte aérea/raiz, área foliar, teor de clorofila, potencial de água na folha, índice refratométrico e teor relativo de água nas folhas.Os resultados evidenciaram que a elevação na concentração de sódio na solução do solo, reduziu a altura das plantas, a produção de matéria seca e a área foliar de todos os cultivares de algodão. UNITERMOS: algodão, cultivares, salinidade, sódio, fisiologia.  QUEIROZ, S.O.P., BÜLL, L.T.  BEHAVIOR OF GENOTYPES OF HERBACEOUS COTTON IN FUNCTION OF THE SALINITY OF  SOIL  2 ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to study some physiologic variables  of five cotton cultivars (Gossypium hirsutum, L.) exposed to saline-sodic soil conditions and the specific influence of  sodium on cultivars Acala 1, Precoce 1, IAC 19, IAC 20 and EPAMIG 4.The experiment was conductes at greenhouse. The soil air-dried (8.5 kg) was packed in plastic vase, in which NaCl was applied to reach different electric conductivity (8, 16 and 24 dS . m -1). In all vases were applied 150 mg.kg-1 of P, besides nutritious solution contends 30 mg.kg-1 of N  and 40 mg.kg-1 of K (KCl) to the 15, 30 and 45 days. Also it was applied diluted micronutrient solution weekly.The evaluated physiologic variables were: height of plant, dry matter production, shoot/root relation, leaf area, chlorophyll content, water potential in leaf, refratometric index  and relative water content in leaves.The results  showed increase jon the concentration of sodium in the soil solution, reduction of the plants height, dry matter production and leaf area in all cotton cultivars. KEYWORDS: cotton, cultivars, salinity, sodium, physiology.

Dry Matter Production and Nutrient Uptake in Irrigated Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum ) 1

1970 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Bassett ◽  
W. D. Anderson ◽  
C. H. E. Werkhoven
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production

scholarly journals ABSORÇÃO DE CÁTIONS E PRODUÇÃO DE MATÉRIA SECA POR GENÓTIPOS DE ALGODÃO SOB CONDIÇÕES SALINAS.

Irriga ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
Sérgio Oliveira Pinto de Queiroz ◽  
Leonardo Theodoro Bull
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Diluted Solution ◽  
Cotton Genotypes ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Specific Influence

ABSORÇÃO DE CÁTIONS E PRODUÇÃO DE MATÉRIA SECA POR GENÓTIPOS DE ALGODÃO SOB CONDIÇÕES SALINAS.  Sérgio Oliveira Pinto de QueirozDoutorando, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Departamento de Água e Solos, Campinas, SP,  Bolsista CNPq. CEP 13093.970,Cx. Postal 6011, tel.: (19) 788 1029, fax: (19) 788 1010.E-mail: [email protected] Theodoro Büll Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas UNESP -  Departamento de Recursos Naturais,  Fazenda Experimental Lageado, Botucatu, SP. CEP 18603 970, Cx. Postal 237, telefax: (14)6802 7169.E-mail: [email protected]  1 RESUMO Este estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de estudar a tolerância aos sais de cinco cultivares de algodão (Gossypium hirsutum, L.): Acala 1, Precoce 1, IAC 19, IAC 20 e Epamig 4, além de avaliar a influência específica do sódio na absorção de cátions nutrientes. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, utilizando-se vasos plásticos contendo 8,5 kg de terra, na qual foi aplicado NaCl  em quantidades suficientes para elevar o  nível  de condutividade elétrica  de  0 para próximos de 8, 16 e 24 dS . m-1 a 25° C. Todos os vasos receberam aplicações de 150 mg P. kg-1 solo, solução nutritiva contendo 30 mg N e 40 mg K . kg-1 solo e, semanalmente, solução diluída de micronutrientes.O solo foi avaliado pela Relação de Adsorção de Sódio (RAS) e Relação de Sódio Trocável (RST), através de amostras coletadas dos vasos, ao final do experimento.Pelos dos resultados constatou-se que a elevação na concentração de sódio na solução no solo, além de reduzir o potencial osmótico da solução do solo, reduziu a absorção de potássio, cálcio e magnésio e a produção de matéria seca por todos os cultivares de algodão. UNITERMOS: algodão, salinidade, sódio.  QUEIROZ, S.O.P., BÜLL, L.T. CATION ABSORPTION AND DRY MATTER PRODUCTION BY COTTON GENOTYPES UNDER SALINITY CONDITIONS  2 ABSTRACT This study was carried out in order to evaluate the tolerance to salt by five cultivars of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum, L.): Acala 1, Precoce 1, IAC 19, IAC 20 and Epamig 4, besides evaluating the specific influence of  sodium for cation absorption. The experiment were installed at greenhouse, in 8.5 kg plastic pots on benches, in which NaCl was applied  to promote 8, 16 and 24 dS/m electric conductivity  (at 25°C ) 150 mg P, 30 mg N. and 4 mg K peer  kg soil and, weekly, diluted solution of micronutrients. The soil was evaluated by the Sodium Adsorption Relation (SAR) and Exchangeable Sodium Relations (ESR), through samples from pots, at the end of the experiment.From the results, it was possible to conclude that occurred sodium  increase in the  soil solution and sodium absorption but  decrease  of potassium, calcium, magnesium and dry matter  in all cultivars. KEYWORDS: cotton, salinity, sodium.

The Effects of Shading on the Growth and Photosynthetic Capacity of Itchgrass (Rottboellia exaltata)

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Irradiance ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Photosynthetic Rates ◽  
Matter Production

The effects of shade on the growth and photosynthetic capacity of the exotic noxious weed itchgrass (Rottboellia exaltataL. f.) were determined under controlled environment conditions. The plants were grown at day/night temperatures of 29/23 C under 100, 60, 25, and 2% sunlight in a climate-controlled greenhouse. Mathematical growth analysis techniques were used to evaluate the effects of shading on dry matter production and leaf area production. Infrared gas analysis and diffusion porometry techniques were used to evaluate the effects of shading on photosynthesis and stomatal resistance. Shading markedly reduced dry matter production. At 40 days after planting, plants grown in 2, 25, and 60% sunlight had 0.3, 16, and 55%, respectively, of the dry weight of the plants grown at 100% sunlight. Leaf area production was less severely retarded by shading; the plants grown at 2, 25, and 60% sunlight had, respectively, 1.7, 42, and 99% of the leaf area of the plants grown at 100% sunlight. Ambient photosynthetic rates of recently expanded, single, fully exposed leaves were 22.5, 51.6, and 65.5 mg CO2dm-2h-1in the 25, 60, and 100% sunlight treatments, respectively. Photosynthetic rates at saturating irradiance did not differ significantly in plants grown at 25, 60, or 100% sunlight and ranged from 76.4 to 78.0 mg CO2dm-2h-1. Stomatal resistances, ranging from 6.0 to 7.5 s cm-1, also did not differ significantly among these plants. In terms of dry matter production, itchgrass is a shade-intolerant plant. However, even when grown in shade, itchgrass maintains the capacity for high photosynthetic rates and high growth rates when subsequently exposed to high irradiance. These characteristics help explain its competitiveness with crop species.

Interference and Temperature Effects on Growth of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), Spurred Anoda (Anoda cristata), and Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 892-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth P. Flint ◽  
David T. Patterson ◽  
Jan L. Beyers
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Replacement Series ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Anoda Cristata

Effects of temperature and interference were examined in a replacement series experiment with cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL. 'Stoneville 213′), spurred anodaAnoda cristata(L.) Schlecht. # ANVCR), and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic. # ABUTH). Plants were grown in controlled-environment greenhouses at day/night temperatures of 32/23 or 26/17 C, and harvested 14 or 39 days after planting. Height, dry weight, and leaf area at both harvests, and dry matter production and leaf area duration for the harvest interval were significantly greater in all species at 32/23 C than at 26/17 C. Interference reduced the dry weight per plant and leaf area at day 39, and dry matter production for the harvest interval. Cotton was somewhat superior to both weeds as a competitor at 32/23 C, while spurred anoda was somewhat superior to cotton and velvetleaf at 26/17 C.

Dry matter production of green pea influenced by herbicides

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 377-380
Author(s):  
Erzsébet Nádasy ◽  
Gábor Wágner
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Green Pea
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