Crustacean cardioactive peptide in the nervous system of the locust, Locusta migratoria: an immunocytochemical study on the ventral nerve cord and peripheral innervation

1991 ◽  
Vol 263 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinrich Dircksen ◽  
Arno M�ller ◽  
Rainer Keller
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Ventral Nerve Cord ◽  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
Immunocytochemical Study ◽  
Peripheral Innervation ◽  
Crustacean Cardioactive Peptide

scholarly journals 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) decarboxylase activity in the arthropod nervous system

1973 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Murdock ◽  
R. A. Wirtz ◽  
G. Köhler
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Ventral Nerve Cord ◽  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
Dopa Decarboxylase ◽  
Decarboxylase Activity ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Radiochemical Method ◽  
Mature Adult ◽  
Mature Period

1. When homogenates of brains from mature adult locusts (Locusta migratoria) were incubated with l-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)[3-14C]alanine the major radioactive metabolite was dopamine, suggesting the presence of a dopa (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) decarboxylase. 2. Decarboxylation of l-dopa by this tissue, measured under optimum conditions by a radiochemical method, was 21μmol of CO2/h per g wet wt. Apparent decarboxylation of l-tyrosine proceeded at 0.34μmol of CO2/h per g wet wt. There was no detectable decarboxylation of l-tryptophan, l-histidine or l-phenylalanine. 3. Dopa decarboxylase activity was found in all major regions of the ventral nerve cord of the mature locust (range: 4–7μmol of CO2/h per g wet wt.) but was low or absent in thoracic peripheral nerve. 4. Marked decarboxylation of l-dopa was found in homogenates of brains of four other species of insects, and in brain and ventral nerve cord, but not in the claw nerve, of the crayfish. 5. The activity of the locust brain enzyme may be slightly lower at the time of imaginal ecdysis than during the mature period. By contrast, the dopa decarboxylase that produces dopamine as an intermediate in cuticle biosynthesis is known to be high in activity at the time of ecdysis and low in activity during the intermoult stages.

Distribution of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the central nervous system of the male mud crab, Scylla olivacea

Crustaceana ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1123-1134
Author(s):  
Kanjana Khornchatri ◽  
Jirawat Saetan ◽  
Sirirak Mukem ◽  
Prasert Sobhon ◽  
Tipsuda Thongbuakaew
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Ventral Nerve Cord ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Decapod Crustaceans ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a neurotransmitter that is widely spread in vertebrate and invertebrate nervous systems and modulates essential physiological roles. Previous studies have reported the distribution of several neurotransmitters throughout the central nervous system (CNS) of decapod crustaceans. However, the existence and distribution of GABA in the mud crab’s, Scylla olivacea, CNS has still not been reported. In this study, we investigated the distribution of GABA using immunohistochemistry. The result revealed that GABA immunoreactivity (-ir) was observed in neurons and fibres throughout the CNS, including the eyestalk, brain, and ventral nerve cord of S. olivacea. Therefore, the existence and extensive distribution pattern of GABA in the CNS of the male mud crab suggest its possible roles in feeding, locomotion, and also reproduction.

First detection of serotonin in the nervous system of the marine calanoid copepod Centropages typicus

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Benzid ◽  
C. Morris ◽  
R.-M. Barthélémy
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Ventral Nerve Cord ◽  
Calanoid Copepod ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Serotoninergic Nervous System ◽  
Centropages Typicus

This investigation constitutes the first study of the serotoninergic nervous system in calanoid copepods (crustaceans). Serotonin (5-HT), a neurotransmitter which plays a part in many biological processes, has been detected by immunofluorescence in the brain, the circumoesophageal collar and the ventral nerve cord of the marine species Centropages typicus.

Digger wasp predatory behavior (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae): fly hunting and capture by Oxybelus uniglumis (Crabroninae: Oxybelini); a case of extremely concentrated stinging pattern and prey nervous system

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 953-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Ventral Nerve Cord ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
Predatory Behavior ◽  
The State ◽  
Thoracic Segment ◽  
Subesophageal Ganglion ◽  
Digger Wasp ◽  
Single Mass

Several Orthoptera-hunting wasps usually deliver four paralyzing stings to their prey (one for each thoracic segment and one for the ventral side of the neck) in a predictable, although not immutable, order. This also matches the number of thoracic ganglia of the ventral nerve cord and leg pairs plus the subesophageal ganglion that controls the potentially dangerous mandibles. Oxybelus wasps usually deliver only one thoracic sting, behind one foreleg base, and no neck sting. Many flies have only a single mass of fused ganglia in the thorax, no subesophageal ganglion, and no potentially dangerous mouthparts. Furthermore, some Oxybelus wasps use the sting for prey carriage. The number of thoracic stings matches the number of thoracic ganglionic masses (one), rather than the number of leg pairs (three), thoracic segments (three), or pairs of easily punctured soft membranes (three). This case of extremely reduced paralyzing sequence and prey nervous system is discussed from an evolutionary standpoint and compared with cases in which less or no such reduction occurred. Correlative differences in the state of the prey are also considered.

scholarly journals Whole-central nervous system functional imaging in larval Drosophila

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Lemon ◽  
Stefan R. Pulver ◽  
Burkhard Höckendorf ◽  
Katie McDole ◽  
Kristin Branson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Ventral Nerve Cord ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Spatiotemporal Resolution ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Understanding how the brain works in tight concert with the rest of the central nervous system (CNS) hinges upon knowledge of coordinated activity patterns across the whole CNS. We present a method for measuring activity in an entire, non-transparent CNS with high spatiotemporal resolution. We combine a light-sheet microscope capable of simultaneous multi-view imaging at volumetric speeds 25-fold faster than the state-of-the-art, a whole-CNS imaging assay for the isolated Drosophila larval CNS and a computational framework for analysing multi-view, whole-CNS calcium imaging data. We image both brain and ventral nerve cord, covering the entire CNS at 2 or 5 Hz with two- or one-photon excitation, respectively. By mapping network activity during fictive behaviours and quantitatively comparing high-resolution whole-CNS activity maps across individuals, we predict functional connections between CNS regions and reveal neurons in the brain that identify type and temporal state of motor programs executed in the ventral nerve cord.

Occurrence of crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) in the nervous system of an insect,Locusta migratoria

1989 ◽  
Vol 159 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Stangier ◽  
C. Hilbich ◽  
R. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
Crustacean Cardioactive Peptide
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document