Cloning and organisation of some genes for nitrogen fixation from Azotobacter chroococcum and their expression in Klebsiella pneumoniae

1984 ◽  
Vol 197 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Jones ◽  
Paul Woodley ◽  
Robert Robson
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Azotobacter Chroococcum

Nitrogen fixation by cell-free extracts of Klebsiella pneumoniae

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Mahl ◽  
P. W. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Azotobacter Vinelandii ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Michaelis Constant ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Aerobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Free System ◽  
Evolving System ◽  
A Cell

A cell-free system which permits nitrogen fixation by extracts of Klebsiella pneumoniae M5al (formerly Aerobacter aerogenes) has been developed. It is, essentially, that system described by Bulen and associates for Azotobacter vinelandii, utilizing ATP as a source of energy and dithionite as a source of electrons. The Michaelis constant for fixation has been estimated to be 0.12 atm. The extracts possessed an ATP-dependent hydrogen evolving system. Hydrogen evolution from these extracts was less under nitrogen than under helium in the presence of ATP. Nitrogen gas appears to be the inducer of nitrogen fixation. In the absence of N2, no induction of nitrogenase occurs. Nitrogenase is absent in cells grown on NH4+-N. There is a lag of about 13 h after the introduction of N2 gas into a culture which has depleted its supply of NH4+-N before nitrogenase can be detected. For reasons discussed in the text, this conclusion must be regarded as tentative at this time. Ammonium ion appears to prevent the synthesis of new molecules of nitrogenase without affecting the activity of those already formed.

Metabolism of glycolic acid by Azotobacter chroococcum PRL H62

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. W. Kurz ◽  
T. A. G. LaRue
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acid ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Azotobacter Chroococcum ◽  
Acid Cycle ◽  
Isocitric Dehydrogenase ◽  
Tca Cycle Enzymes ◽  
The Tca Cycle ◽  
Reduced Nitrogen

When Azotobacter chroococcum grows on glycolic acid as sole C source, it cannot utilize N2 and must be provided with reduced nitrogen. Glycolic acid is metabolized via Kornberg's dicarboxylic acid cycle. The TCA cycle enzymes are low in activity, and isocitric dehydrogenase is absent. It is likely that isocitric dehydrogenase is the source of reductant for nitrogen fixation by Azotobacter nitrogenase.

Note on the effect of temperature on a mixed culture of two organisms in symbiotic relation

1939 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Azotobacter Chroococcum ◽  
Mixed Cultures ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Symbiotic Relation

1. A study was made of nitrogen-fixation byAzotobacter chroococcumalone in a medium containing dextrose (which it can utilize) and in mixture with a coliform organism on a medium containing no carbohydrate except starch, whichAzotobactercannot utilize unless it be hydrolysed by the coliform organism or some other agency.2. The amount of nitrogen fixed in the mixed cultures was found to be maximal at two temperatures, and a discussion is given of the causes thought to be operative in producing the double maximum.

Nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) by Klebsiella pneumoniae in association with 'Park' Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.)

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Wood ◽  
R. V. Klucas ◽  
R. C. Shearman
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Acetylene Reduction ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Reducing Activity ◽  
Acetylene Reducing Activity

Turfs of 'Park' Kentucky bluegrass reestablished in the greenhouse and inoculated with Klebsiella pneumoniae (W6) showed significantly increased nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) compared with control turfs. Mean ethylene production rates per pot were 368 nmol h−1 for K. pneumoniae treated turfs, 55 nmol h−1 for heat-killed K. pneumoniae treated turfs, and 44 nmol h−1 for untreated turfs. Calculated lag periods before activity was observed were generally very short (less than 1 h).When 'Park' Kentucky bluegrass was grown from seed on soil-less medium of Turface, a fired aggregate clay, inoculation with K. pneumoniae (W6) resulted in 9 of 11 turfs showing nitrogenase activity (mean ethylene producion rate per pot was 195 nmol h−1). Only 3 of 11 turfs treated with heat-killed K. pneumoniae showed any activity and their mean rate of ethylene production (40 nmol h−1 per pot) was significantly lower than that for turfs treated with K. pneumoniae.Using the 'Park'–Turface soil-less model system it was shown that acetylene reducing activity was (i) root associated, (ii) generally highest at a depth of 1–4 cm below the surface, (iii) enhanced by washing excised roots, and (iv) inhibited by surface sterilization of excised roots. Klebsiella pneumoniae was recovered from Turface and roots showing acetylene reducing activity.

scholarly journals Effect of Dimethyl Sulphoxide on the Expression of Nitrogen Fixation in Bacteria

1977 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary L Skotnicki ◽  
Barry G Rolfe
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Dimethyl Sulphoxide ◽  
Rhizobium Trifolii ◽  
Nif Genes ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Selection Of

Storage in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) of Escherichia coli K12 hybrids carrying nif+ genes from Klebsiella pneumoniae can result in selection of a defective nitrogen-fixing phenotype. Similar results are obtained with E. coli K12 hybrids containing the nitrogep-fixing capacity from Rhizobium trifolii. DMSO appears to affect particular inner membrane proteins associated with energy metabolism in E. coli K12 and four chromosomal regions (chID, chlG, his and unc) are associated with resistance to DMSO.

THE NITROGEN FIXATION (NIF) OPERON(S) OF KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE

1974 ◽  
pp. 211-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
STANLEY L. STREICHER ◽  
RAYMOND C. VALENTINE
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae
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