Early detection of delayed union in lower leg fractures using a computerised analysis of mechanical vibration reactions of bone for assessing the state of fracture healing

Scientific meetings of doctors of the State Institute for Advanced Medical Studies named after V.I. Lenin in Kazan. 121st collection May 20, 1930 Dr. N. A. Biryachev demonstrated a rare case of lues gravis mutilans. A sick peasant woman. 30 years, 5 years ago, she had a sore throat and was treated with gargling. After 1/2 year, an ulcerative process appeared on the left lower leg, gradually spreading to the dorsum of the lower leg.

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Regulation of osteoblast autophagy based on PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway study on the effect of β-ecdysterone on fracture healing

10.1101/2021.05.28.446186 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yanghua Tang ◽

Yafeng Mo ◽

Dawei Xin ◽

Zhenfei Xiong ◽

Linru Zeng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Western Blot ◽

Fracture Healing ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Immunofluorescence Assay ◽

The State ◽

Expression Level ◽

Pathological State ◽

Mtor Signaling Pathway ◽

X Ray ◽

Alp Activity

Purpose: To investigate the effects of β-ecdysterone on fracture healing and the underlying mechanism. Methods: MTT assay was used to detect the cell viability and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured using a commercial kit. AO/PI and flow cytometry assays were used to determine the state of apoptosis of osteoblasts. The expression level of RunX2, ATG7 and LC3 was evaluated by qRT-PCR and Western blot assays. X-ray and HE staining were conducted on the fractured femur to evaluate the pathological state. Immunohistochemical assay was used to detect the expression level of Beclin-1 and immunofluorescence assay was used to measure the expression level of LC3 in the fractured femurs. Western blot was utilized to determine the expression level of PI3K, p-AKT1, AKT1, p-mTOR, mTOR, p-p70S6K, and p70S6K. Results: The ALP activity and expression of RunX2 in fractured osteoblasts were significantly suppressed by 3-methyladenine and elevated by rapamycin, 60, and 80 μM β-ecdysterone. The apoptotic state of fractured osteoblasts was enhanced by 3-methyladenine and alleviated by rapamycin, 60, and 80 μM β-ecdysterone. The state of autophagy both in fractured osteoblasts and femurs was inhibited by 3-methyladenine and facilitated by rapamycin and β-ecdysterone. Compared to control, Garrett score in 3-methyladenine group was significantly decreased and promoted in rapamycin and β-ecdysterone groups, accompanied by ameliorated pathological state. Lastly, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway both in fractured osteoblasts and femurs was activated by 3-methyladenine and inhibited by rapamycin and β-ecdysterone. Conclusion: β-ecdysterone might facilitate fracture healing by activating autophagy through suppressing PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway.

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The Comprehensive Role of Mechanosensitive Piezo1 in Fracture Healing and Delayed Union

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3972209 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yunlu Liu ◽

Hongtao Tian ◽

Yuxiang Hu ◽

Yulin Cao ◽

Hui Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fracture Healing ◽

Delayed Union

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Spam 2.0 State of the Art

International Journal of Digital Crime and Forensics ◽

10.4018/jdcf.2012010102 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 17-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pedram Hayati ◽

Vidyasagar Potdar

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Web 2.0 ◽

Social Networking ◽

State Of The Art ◽

The State ◽

Online Forums ◽

Mass Content ◽

Social Networking Websites ◽

Comprehensive Survey

Spam 2.0 is defined as the propagation of unsolicited, anonymous, mass content to infiltrate legitimate Web 2.0 applications. A fake eye-catching profile in social networking websites, a promotional review, a response to a thread in online forums with unsolicited content, or a manipulated Wiki page are examples of Spam 2.0. In this paper, the authors provide a comprehensive survey of the state-of-the-art, detection-based, prevention-based and early-detection-based Spam 2.0 filtering methods.

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Early detection of fracture healing of a long bone for better mass health care

Proceedings of the 20th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Vol.20 Biomedical Engineering Towards the Year 2000 and Beyond (Cat. No.98CH36286) ◽

10.1109/iembs.1998.746096 ◽

2002 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

V.R. Singh ◽

S.K. Chauhan

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Early Detection ◽

Fracture Healing ◽

Long Bone ◽

Mass Health

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Different effects of mechanical vibration on bone ingrowth into porous hydroxyapatite and fracture healing in a rabbit model

Journal of Orthopaedic Research® ◽

10.1002/jor.1100070414 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 559-567 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Yasuo Usui ◽

Joseph E. Zerwekh ◽

Heikki Vanharanta ◽

Richard B. Ashman ◽

Vert Mooney

Keyword(s):

Fracture Healing ◽

Bone Ingrowth ◽

Mechanical Vibration ◽

Rabbit Model ◽

Porous Hydroxyapatite

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Kalman Filtering Tools for Early Detection of Change in Random Processes

Volume 2: Automotive Systems; Bioengineering and Biomedical Technology; Computational Mechanics; Controls; Dynamical Systems ◽

10.1115/esda2008-59497 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Peter J. Sherman

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Epileptic Seizure ◽

High Speed ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Continuous Process ◽

Random Processes ◽

The State ◽

Single Element ◽

Machine Component ◽

State Process

There are many areas of science and engineering that involve random processes that are subject to structural changes. Examples of such changes can be caused by a failed machine component, or the onset of an epileptic seizure, to name a few. The Kalman filter (KF) has been a valuable tool for change detection for many years. But only in recent years have advances in computer processing power and software allowed the elements of the KF to be explored in any real depth. Traditionally, the depth in KF research has been focused on settings that were mathematically tractable. In this work we investigate a number of fundamental elements of the KF in settings that are sufficiently realistic to preclude in-depth mathematical analysis. Instead, we rely upon simulations. Two of the most fundamental and important elements of the KF include the covariances of the state and measurement processes. The state process covariance is perhaps the most important single element in the KF setting. Setting it to a value that is too small results in lack of adaptability, but low variability. Setting it too high allows the KF to track more rapid changes, but with greater variability (hence, more false alarms). In this work we explore the performance of the KF in relation to detecting short time changes associated with a slowly time-varying first order autoregressive process [AR(1)]. Such processes are more common that one might think. For example, even if the continuous process is of a high order, if it is sampled fast enough it can be well-modeled by an AR(1) process. And due to major advances in high speed data collection systems, many processes are sampled at much higher rates than is necessary to satisfy sampling laws. Our contribution includes a collection of KF tools that, when used together, can quickly and reliably detect certain types of small changes. To demonstrate the potential of these tools, we apply them to early detection of the onset of an epileptic seizure. The goal is to detect the change early enough, so that action to mitigate it can be applied.

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