Vapor pressure, speciation, and chemical activities in highly concentrated sodium borate solutions at 277 and 317�C

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 409-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleh Weres
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Sodium Borate

Benzylamine Tartrate as an Organic Glass Substrate for Carbon Films by Evaporation

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 484-485
Author(s):  
A. C. Faberge
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Viscous Liquid ◽  
Glass Substrate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Organic Glass ◽  
Spectroscopic Examination ◽  
Polymeric Substrates

Benzylamine tartrate (m.p. 63°C) seems to be a better and more convenient substrate for making carbon films than any of those previously proposed. Using it in the manner described, it is easy consistently to make batches of specimen grids as open as 200 mesh with no broken squares, and without individual handling of the grids. Benzylamine tartrate (hereafter called B.T.) is a viscous liquid when molten, which sets to a glass. Unlike polymeric substrates it does not swell before dissolving; such swelling of the substrate seems to be a principal cause of breakage of carbon film. Mass spectroscopic examination indicates a vapor pressure less than 10−9 Torr at room temperature.

Hydration Chamber for Jeolco 200 Kv Microscope

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 542-543
Author(s):  
V. R. Matricardi ◽  
G. G. Hausner ◽  
D. F. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Equilibrium Vapor Pressure

In order to observe room temperature hydrated specimens in an electron microscope, the following conditions should be satisfied: The specimen should be surrounded by water vapor as close as possible to the equilibrium vapor pressure corresponding to the temperature of the specimen.The specimen grid should be inserted, focused and photo graphed in the shortest possible time in order to minimize dehydration.The full area of the specimen grid should be visible in order to minimize the number of changes of specimen required.There should be no pressure gradient across the grid so that specimens can be straddled across holes.Leakage of water vapor to the column should be minimized.

A rapid silver-impregnation technique on ultra-thin sections for Electron Microscopy

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 242-243
Author(s):  
K. Chien ◽  
R.C. Heusser ◽  
M.L. Jones ◽  
R.L. Van de Velde
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Silver Impregnation ◽  
Sodium Borate ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Impregnation Technique ◽  
Centrifuge Tube ◽  
Simplified Procedure

Silver impregnation techniques have been used for the demonstration of the complex carbohydrates in electron microscopy. However, the silver stains were believed to be technically sensitive and time consumming to perform. Currently, due to the need to more specifically evaluate immune complex for localization in certain renal diseases, a simplified procedure in conjunction with the use of the microwave has been developed and applied to renal and other biopsies. The procedure is as follows:Preparation of silver methenamine solution:1. 15ml graduated, clear polystyrene centrifuge tube (Falcon, No. 2099) was rinsed once with distilled water.2. 3% hexamethylene tetramine (methenamine) was added into the centrifuge tube to the 6ml mark.3. 3% silver nitrate was added slowly to the methenamine to the 7ml mark while agitating. (Solution will instantly turn milky in color and then clear rapidly by mixing. No precipitate should be formed).4. 2% sodium borate was added to the solution to the 8ml mark, mixed and centrifuged before use.

Leaching Studies of Cement-Glass Package Containing Sodium Borate

1986 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Okamoto ◽  
Koichi Chino ◽  
Tsutomu Baba ◽  
Tatsuo Izumida ◽  
Fumio Kawamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Sodium Borate ◽  
Pressurized Water Reactor ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Adsorption Ability ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solidification Reaction ◽  
Main Components

AbstractA new solidification technique using cement-glass, which is a mixture of sodium silicate, cement, additives, and initiator of the solidification reaction, was developed for sodium borate liquid waste generated from pressurized water reactor (PWR) plants. The cement-glass could solidify eight times as much sodium borate as cement could, because the solidifying reaction of the cement-glass is not hindered by borate ions.The reaction mechanism of sodium silicate and phosphoric silicate (initiator), the main components of cement-glass, was studied through X-ray diffraction and compressive strength measurements. It was found that three- dimensionally bonded silicon dioxide was produced by polymerization of the two silicates. The leaching ratio of cesium from the cement-glass package was one-tenth that of the cement one. This low value was attributed to a high cesium adsorption ability of the cement-glass and it could be theoretically predicted accordingly.

Properties of Refrigerants from Cubic Equations of State

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viorel Feroiu ◽  
Dan Geana ◽  
Catinca Secuianu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Equations Of State ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Volumetric Properties ◽  
Mixing Rules ◽  
Saturation Curve ◽  
Equilibrium Thermodynamic ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Binary And Ternary Mixtures

Vapour � liquid equilibrium, thermodynamic and volumetric properties were predicted for three pure hydrofluorocarbons: difluoromethane (R32), pentafluoroethane (R125) and 1,1,1,2 � tetrafluoroethane (R134a) as well as for binary and ternary mixtures of these refrigerants. Three cubic equations of state GEOS3C, SRK (Soave � Redlich � Kwong) and PR (Peng � Robinson) were used. A wide comparison with literature experimental data was made. For the refrigerant mixtures, classical van der Waals mixing rules without interaction parameters were used. The GEOS3C equation, with three parameters estimated by matching several points on the saturation curve (vapor pressure and corresponding liquid volumes), compares favorably to other equations in literature, being simple enough for applications.

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