Simplified claim proceedings: legislative regulations of the Code of Civil Procedure of Ukraine

In the process of building the rule of law, one of its most important criteria is the creation of a fair, transparent and efficient judiciary. The essential need for radical changes in the judiciary and the reform of its individual institutions is a matter of time. The main goal of judicial reform in Ukraine should be to create legislative and organizational conditions for the establishment of an independent, efficient and accountable judiciary in Ukraine, which will be trusted by society. Judicial and legal reform in Ukraine is comprehensive and involves amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine, legislation on the judiciary and the status of judges, reform of related institutions (prosecutor's office, bar, law enforcement agencies), as well as improving procedural legislation and legislation governing enforcement. court decisions. In particular, the article emphasizes that legislative changes have been made to the Commercial Procedural Code of Ukraine, initiated new forms of commercial litigation, one of the forms of commercial litigation is simplified litigation, which is designed to consider minor cases, cases of minor complexity and other cases for which priority is given. quick resolution of the case. Along with the simplified procedure and procedures for litigation, the introduction of this form of litigation has revealed certain shortcomings of such regulations. Keywords: commercial litigation, insignificant cases, legislation, shortcomings, procedure

Principles for pre-trial investigation planning under simplified procedure

The purpose of the article is to study the organizational and legal framework for the functioning of the institution of pre-trial investigation planning under simplified procedure. The subject of the study is the planning of a pre-trial investigation under simplified procedure. Methodology. General scientific and special scientific methods were used in the course of the research: formal and logical; description; historical and legal; comparative and legal; dogmatic. Results of the research. The concept, essence, as well as the basic scientific doctrines concerning functioning of institution of planning are investigated; the content of the legal support for pre-trial investigation under simplified procedure is clarified. Practical meaning. The content and essence of the relevant process in the context of pre-trial investigation under simplified procedure are outlined; the main elements of legal support for the functioning of this institution are allocated; the author’s view on the positive and negative features of pre-trial investigation planning as the management tool is provided. Value / originality. The further steps to optimize the functioning of the institution of planning for pre-trial investigation of criminal offenses are proposed.

Study of Liquefaction Potential at Sabo dam Construction on Poi and Bangga River, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi

The Palukoro fault, an active sinistral fault that cuts through Sulawesi Island, was the cause of the earthquake and liquefaction disaster in Palu and Sigi Regency in 2018. A series of studies related to liquefaction have been carried out since then but more focused on the west side of the Palu River. This research will raise the potential for liquefaction on the eastern side of the Palu river, precisely in the sabo dam area at Poi and Bangga River. These rivers are located on the opposite side of the Sibalaya liquefaction area. Liquefaction potential was calculated using the Simplified Procedure Method based on NSPT values. Fifteen and twelve boreholes are located at Bangga and Poi rivers, respectively. The qualitative analysis assessed the criteria of vulnerability based on geological factors, groundwater levels, and seismicity. The Liquefaction Potential Index method was used and calculated using several earthquake scenarios based on historical data and potential earthquakes of The Palu-koro fault. Based on LPI analysis, the Poi River has meager potential at the middle stream area and moderate level potential at the downstream. Bangga River has moderate to high liquefaction potential downstream and low to very low potential at the middle stream.

Liquefaction Vulnerability Analysis using N-SPT Value and Grain Size Analysis on Gumbasa Irrigation Canal in the Post-Disaster Petobo Area, Sulawesi

Strong earthquakes occurred in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, in late 2018, causing an inheritance disaster, soil liquefaction on Gumbasa Irrigation Canal at Petobo, Sulawesi. Soil liquefaction is a phenomenon of a decreasing soil bearing capacity triggered by strong vibrations in certain soil conditions. It immediately changes the soil characteristic from solid to liquid. Liquefaction vulnerability analysis was done using Idriss-Boulanger’s simplified procedure based on SPT value in several spots. The Petobo liquefaction zone has seven boreholes, five of which are located near the Gumbasa Irrigation Canal. The soil sample at those boreholes was taken to the laboratory for further soil testing using grain size analysis. The simplified procedure is intended to calculate the safety factor using Cyclic Resistance Ratio, Cyclic Stress Ratio, and Magnitude Scaling Factor. The liquefaction vulnerability analysis resulted in the AB 1 – AB 3 area near Gumbasa Irrigation Canal, which liquefied. Meanwhile, LP 1 and LP 4 are contrary. LP 1 is located upstream of the canal, whereas LP 4 the downstream. Grain size analysis yields a consistent result that AB 1 – AB 3 soil is quite scattered inside the liquefiable constraint.

Administrative Law in the Time of Corona(virus)

The Hungarian administrative law has been significantly impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic. Several rules – which were introduced during the state of danger based on the epidemic situation – have been incorporated into the Hungarian legal system. The administrative procedural law has been influenced by the epidemic transformation. However, the rules on e-administration have not been reformed significantly (due to the digitalisation reforms of the last years), but the rules on administrative licenses and permissions have been amended. The priority of the general code on administrative procedure has been weakened: new, simplified procedure and regime have been introduced. The local self-governance has been impacted by the reforms. The transformation has had two, opposite trends. On the one hand, the Hungarian administrative system became more centralised during the last year: municipal revenues and task performance have been partly centralised. The Hungarian municipal system has been concentrated, as well. The role of the second-tier government, the counties (megye), has been strengthened by the establishment of the special economic (investment) zones. On the other hand, the municipalities could be interpreted as a ‘trash can’ of the Hungarian public administration: they received new, mainly unpopular competences on the restrictions related to the pandemic. Although these changes have been related to the current epidemic situation, it seems, that the ‘legislative background’ of the pandemic offered an opportunity to the central government to pass significant reforms. From 2021 a new phenomenon can be observed: the state of danger has remained, but the majority of the restrictions have been terminated by the Government of Hungary. Therefore, the justification of the state of danger during the summer of 2021 became controversial in Hungarian public discourse.

SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF FINANCIAL EXPRESS ANALYSIS OF SMALL INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES OF UKRAINE

The subject of research of this work is the current direction in the financial activities of small industrial enterprises – financial express analysis. The purpose of the study is to develop a scientific and methodological basis for a simplified procedure of financial supervision of small industrial enterprises in the country in order to provide qualified assistance to managers of small industrial enterprises in the financial sphere of their activities. The article solves the following tasks: study of the state of small industrial enterprises and their role in the development of Ukraine's economy, definition of "financial supervision", development of algorithm for financial express analysis of small industrial enterprises, choice of directions for financial express analysis of small industrial enterprises financial supervision, the formation of a bank of input data on four components, testing of scientific and methodological support on the example of a particular enterprise. The following methods are used: theoretical generalization, retrospective analysis, comparative analysis, analytical, analysis and synthesis, rapid analysis. The following results were obtained: the method of financial express analysis of a small industrial enterprise was proposed on the basis of financial supervision; selected areas of financial analysis under a simplified procedure; the scheme of algorithm of carrying out procedure of financial supervision is developed; the bank of the input data which are necessary for the decision of the set task is formed; substantiation of the choice of applied mathematical models is carried out; the experimental approbation of the offered scientific and methodical approach to carrying out the financial express-analysis on the factual basis of the real small industrial enterprise is carried out; appropriate recommendations were given to the management of the researched enterprise. Conclusions: It is determined that in the current unstable economic conditions, small industrial enterprises need professional assistance of consulting orientation in financial activities. Obtaining up-to-date relevant information on the financial condition of small industrial enterprises is a very important task that requires a rapid financial analysis of their activities. The study of this issue showed the lack of consensus of analysts on the directions and methods of financial rapid analysis. This led to the need and feasibility of developing for the management of small industrial enterprises under a simplified procedure of an orderly methodology of financial rapid analysis on the basis of financial supervision.

Optimum Switching Angles Control of SRM for Electric Vehicle Applications

Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) drive is being gradually used in industrial applications, including electric vehicles (EVs), due to several advantages over conventional motors. However, the nonlinear magnetic characteristics of the motor make its controller very complicated. This paper presents a simplified procedure to obtain the optimal switching angles under hysteresis current control SRM drive over a wide range of speeds. A multi-objective optimization technique is applied to determine the optimal switch on and switch off angles that achieve the optimum combination of maximum average torque with minimum torque ripple and copper loss. A searching algorithm is developed for each operating point to define the maximum average torque and the minimum torque ripple and copper losses, as they vary for different currents and motor speeds. Then the optimal values of switching angles are stored in the lookup tables to build a MATLAB model of the SRM drive system. Finally, simulation and experimental results are presented to show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed controller.