The kinetic energy of fragments and alpha particles in the ternary fission of U235

1964 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 659-663
Author(s):  
V. N. Dmitriev ◽  
K. A. Petrzhak ◽  
Yu. F. Romanov
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Ternary Fission

Fusion in the Sun

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Dense Plasma ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Atomic Nuclei ◽  
Proton Fusion ◽  
Schrödinger's Equation ◽  
Simplified Formula

Protons in the Sun’s core are a dense plasma allowing fusion events where two protons initially join to produce a deuteron. Eventually this leads to alpha particles, the mass-four nucleus of helium, releasing kinetic energy. Schrodinger’s equation allows particles to penetrate classically forbidden Coulomb barriers with small but important probabilities. The approximation known as Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (WKB) is used by Gamow to predict the rate of proton–proton fusion in the Sun, shown to be in agreement with measurements. A simplified formula is given for the power density due to fusion in the plasma constituting the Sun’s core. The properties of atomic nuclei are briefly summarized.

XVIII.—The Emission of Long-Range Alpha Particles in Fission

1963 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-209
Author(s):  
N. Feather
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Alpha Particle ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Ternary Fission ◽  
Neutron Excess ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Open Question

It is generally agreed that the long-range alpha particles of fission are set free before the fragment nuclei have acquired more than a small fraction of their final energy of separation, but whether the alpha particle is liberated before the instant of scission, at that instant, or from one of the fragment nuclei very shortly thereafter, has remained an open question. Each of these views has been seriously advocated. These various hypotheses are examined in relation to recently published information regarding the distribution of mass in low-eneigy ternary fission, and other considerations, and it is suggested that the hypothesis having the strongest claim to attention is that which assumes that the alpha particles originate in the heavy fragments exclusively, being liberated, very shortly after the instant of scission, with probability not much less than unity, from fragment nuclei of low yield and small neutron excess. Conclusions which would follow, if this hypothesis were accepted, are indicated, and possible experimental tests of these conclusions are suggested.

scholarly journals Optical Radiation from the Sputtered Species under Excitation of Ternary Mixtures of Noble Gases by the 6Li(n,α)3H Nuclear Reaction Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
K. Samarkhanov ◽  
M. Khasenov ◽  
E. Batyrbekov ◽  
Yu. Gordienko ◽  
Yu. Baklanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Nuclear Reaction ◽  
Alkali Metals ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Noble Gases ◽  
Noble Gas ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Energy Excitation

The present paper examines the luminescence of ternary Ar-Kr-Xe and Ne-Ar-Kr mixtures of noble gases in the spectral range from 300 to 970 nm, excited by the 6Li(n,α)3H nuclear reaction products in the core of a nuclear reactor. A thin layer of lithium applied on the walls of the experimental device, stabilized in the matrix of the capillary-porous structure, serves as a source of gas excitation. During in-pile tests, conducted at the IVG.1M research reactor, thermal neutrons interact via the 6Li(n,α)3H reaction, and the emergent alpha particles with a kinetic energy of 2.05 MeV and tritium ions with a kinetic energy of 2.73 MeV excite gaseous medium. The study was carried out in a wide temperature range. The temperature dependence of the intensity of the emission of the atoms of noble gases and alkali metals, heteronuclear ionic molecules of noble gases were studied. The obtained values of the activation energy of the emission process 1.58 eV for lithium and 0.72 eV for potassium agree well with the known values of evaporation energy. Excitation of alkali metals atoms occurs consequently of the Penning process of alkali metals atoms on noble gas atoms in the 1s-states and further ion-molecular reactions.

Distribution of kinetic energy of fragments in ternary fission of U235 by thermal neutrons

Atomic Energy ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 851-853
Author(s):  
V. I. Mostovoi ◽  
T. A. Mostovaya ◽  
M. Sovinskii ◽  
Yu. S. Saltykov
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Ternary Fission ◽  
Thermal Neutrons

Distributions of the Initial Fragment Kinetic Energy in Binary and Ternary Fission

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (22) ◽  
pp. 2778-2784 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. Vitta
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Translational Motion ◽  
Nuclear Fission ◽  
Binary Fission ◽  
Energy Spectra ◽  
Initial Kinetic Energy ◽  
Ternary Fission ◽  
Internal Excitation ◽  
Initial Excitation ◽  
Fragment Kinetic Energy

The statistical theory of nuclear fission was originally developed to deal with binary fission. An attempt is made to extend the theory to the case of ternary fission. The probability of a fission mode, given that the nucleus divides into three fragments, is first calculated. Attention is thereafter focused only on the probability distribution of fission modes representing the various possible allocations to the fragment translational motion and internal excitation of the energy available for both translation and excitation. This leads to ternary-fission distributions of the initial kinetic energy (and to complementary distributions of the initial excitation energy) of the fissioning nucleus. Our results show that the ternary-fission distributions of the initial kinetic energy are wider with peaks at higher values of kinetic energy than the corresponding binary-fission distributions obtained previously. The (spontaneous-) ternary-fission distributions are peaked at energies of the order of 1 MeV and have full-widths-at-half-maximum (FWHM) in the neighborhood of 3 MeV. These figures are of experimental interest, since they may be used to predict the energy spectra of the fission fragments in ternary fission.

XI.—Correlations in alpha-Particle-accompanied fission

1971 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-164
Author(s):  
N. Feather
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Neutron Number ◽  
Particle Energy ◽  
Ternary Fission ◽  
Classical Description ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Electrostatic Potential Energy ◽  
Nuclear Configuration

SynopsisThe attempt is made to exhibit the necessary correlations between fragment excitation (or prompt neutron number), fragment kinetic energy, and a-particle energy, in α-particle-accompanied ternary fission. Treating a single mode of mass and charge division on the assumption that the ternary process develops directly out of an intermediate binary phase, and using the mutual electrostatic potential energy of the nascent binary fragments of this phase and the additional kinetic energy developed at the moment of α-particle emission as independent variables, various formal results are obtained and discussed in the light of the experimental evidence.In terms of a classical description, it appears likely that (for a given mode of division) the nuclear configuration at a-particle release in ternary fission is subject to much smaller variations than is the nuclear configuration at scission in binary fission in the corresponding mode. Possible inadequacies of this classical description are very briefly discussed.

The distribution of fission-fragment kinetic energy in ternary fission of 235U by thermal neutrons

1960 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 84-86
Author(s):  
V.I. Mostovo ◽  
T.A. Mostovaya ◽  
M. Sovinski ◽  
Yu. S. Saltykov
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Fission Fragment ◽  
Ternary Fission ◽  
Thermal Neutrons ◽  
Fragment Kinetic Energy
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