Early ischaemia after severe head injury preliminary results in patients with diffuse brain injuries

1993 ◽  
Vol 122 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 204-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sahuquillo ◽  
M. A. Poca ◽  
A. Garnacho ◽  
A. Robles ◽  
F. Coello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Diffuse Brain

scholarly journals Successful Use of Prolonged Mild Hypothermia in a Patient With Severe Head Injury and Diffuse Brain Swelling-Case Report-

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamoru MURAKAMI ◽  
Tetsuya TSUKAHARA ◽  
Hiroyasu ISHIKURA ◽  
Taketo HATANO ◽  
Takuya NAKAKUKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Brain Swelling ◽  
Diffuse Brain Swelling ◽  
Diffuse Brain

scholarly journals Traumatic Basal Ganglia Hematoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-156
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Motor Response ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Internal Capsule ◽  
Coagulation Disorders ◽  
Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage ◽  
Hemorrhagic Lesion ◽  
Abnormal Motor

ABSTRACT Traumatic basal ganglia hemorrhage (TBGH) is characterized as a hemorrhagic lesion located in the basal ganglia or in internal capsule or thalamus. Outcome of TBGH is mainly determined by the extent of associated brain injuries particularly the larger the size, presence of coagulation disorders, diffuse, presence of intraventricular or brain stem hemorrhage, age ≥60, pupillary asymmetry, abnormal motor response, and severe head injury all are associated with poorer outcome. In present case, we discuss a case of adult male traumatic basal ganglia hemorrhage with good outcome. How to cite this article Agrawal A. Traumatic Basal Ganglia Hematoma. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2014;48(3):154-156.

Cerebral infarction in the caudate nucleus associated with acute epidural hematoma and diffuse brain injury in a child after severe head injury

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 430-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miki Fujimura ◽  
Motonobu Kameyama ◽  
Osamu Motohashi ◽  
Hiroyuki Kon ◽  
Kiyoshi Ishii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Caudate Nucleus ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Epidural Hematoma ◽  
Diffuse Brain Injury ◽  
Acute Epidural Hematoma ◽  
Diffuse Brain

Relationship of thyroid function to post-traumatic S-100b serum levels in survivors of severe head injury: preliminary results

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioanna Dimopoulou ◽  
Stylianos Tsagarakis ◽  
Stefanos Korfias ◽  
Dimitrios Zervakis ◽  
Evangelia Douka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Relationship Of

scholarly journals Acute cerebral MCA ischemia with secondary severe head injury and acute intracerebral and subdural haematoma. Case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-218
Author(s):  
D. Balasa ◽  
A. Tunas ◽  
I. Rusu ◽  
A. Hancu ◽  
G. Butoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Anterior Cerebral Artery ◽  
Postoperative Treatment ◽  
Surgical Emergency ◽  
Cerebral Herniation

Abstract Generally, according to international literature, cerebral ischemia is a secondary posttraumatic lesion produced by direct compression in the context of a cerebral herniation syndrome or indirect by vasospasm produced by posttraumatic subarachnoid, subdural or intraventricular hemorrhages. We present the case of a patient with an acute MCA ischemia with severe head injury due to a fall with subsequent intracranial acute intracerebral and subdural hematoma which evolved with acute left uncal, parahipocampal and subfalcinecerebral herniation (coma, GCS 6, left mydriasis, right severe hemiparesis). Surgical emergency aspiration of the hematomas was performed. Postoperative treatment of cerebral ischemia and residual hematomas was properly done. We consider important and underdiagnosed the association of cerebral ischemia and secondary posttraumatic brain injuries. Abbreviations: MCA-middle cerebral artery, GCS-Glasgow Coma Scale, ICA-internal carotid artery, PCA-posterior cerebral artery, ACA-anterior cerebral artery. Conclusion: We present a case of a patient with an acute MCA ischemia with secondary head injury due to a fall with subsequent intracranial acute intracerebral and subdural hematomas. Surgical emergency aspiration of the hematomas was performed. The treatment was performed for both lesions (cerebral ischemia and posttraumatic hematomas) with vitamins B, neurotrophycs, pain killers, antibiotics. Unfortunately, due to aggravation of the Mendelson syndrome, the patient died 7 days later.

scholarly journals Hematocrit Changes as Parameters for Giving Mannitol in Severe Head Injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Donny Valensius Susanto ◽  
Trijoso Permono
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
P Value ◽  
Secondary Brain Injury ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Physical Damage

ABSTRACT Introduction. Incidence of head injuries is also quite high in Indonesia, around 1.4 million cases per year with a mortality rate of 15-20% in the population aged 5 to 35 years. Head injuries are commonly divided into two separate time periods namely primary and secondary brain injuries. Primary brain injury is physical damage to the parenchyma (tissue and blood vessels) that occurs during a traumatic event, thus causing compression of the surrounding brain tissue. Secondary brain injury is a continuation of the results of primary brain injury with the main complications of brain injury in the following hours and days. This study was aimed to asses the benefits of administration of mannitol in cases of severe head injury in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Methods. This research was a clinical trial without comparison by looking at hematocrit levels in patients with severe head injuries with intracranial hypertension before and after given mannitol therapy. Data analysis was performed with IBM SPSS Version 23. Data was presented in the form of narrative tables. Then the paired T test was performed. P value <0.05. Results. From 39 research subjects, the age of the subjects ranged between 6-88 years with an average of 33 years. Based on sex there were 28 male sufferers (71.8%) and there were 11 female sufferers 28.2%. GCS varies from 3 to GCS 8 intra-cranial abnormalities. From 39 research subjects with severe head injury without surgery, a hematocrit examination was performed before, after 10 minutes and 6 hours of injection of mannitol bolus 1 g / kg body weight. It was obtained that averaged hematocrit before mannitol  administration was 34, after  10 minutes was 33 and after 6 hours was 35. Conclusion. There is a decrease in hematocrit levels after administration of bolus mannitol 1 g / kg BW at the beginning of mannitol administration and hematocrit will increase again after 6 hours of mannitol administration

scholarly journals Doctrine of head injury sequelae

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Likhterman
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Skull Defects ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Carotid Cavernous Fistulas ◽  
Radiological Grading ◽  
Diffuse Brain

In this article, we provide the definitions of “sequelae” and “complications” of traumatic brain injury (TBI). We have developed the classification principles for TBI consequences and described their clinical forms and morphological substrates. We also provide a radiological grading for assessing the severity of sequelae of focal and diffuse brain injuries. The article covers conceptual approaches, technologies, and results of their application related to leading surgically significant consequences of TBI, including carotid cavernous fistulas, chronic subdural hematomas, post-traumatic hydrocephalus, long-term basal liquorrhea, and skull defects. We have developed the doctrine of sequelae of TBI.

Significance of intracranial hypertension in severe head injury

1977 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Douglas Miller ◽  
Donald P. Becker ◽  
John D. Ward ◽  
Humbert G. Sullivan ◽  
William E. Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Diffuse Brain Injury ◽  
Mass Lesions ◽  
Increased Icp ◽  
Diffuse Brain

✓ Measurements of intracranial pressure (ICP) were begun within hours of injury in 160 patients with severe brain trauma, and continued in the intensive care unit. Some degree of increased ICP (> 10 mm Hg) was present on admission in most cases (82%), and in all but two of the 62 patients with intracranial mass lesions requiring surgical decompression; ICP was over 20 mm Hg on admission in 44% of cases, and over 40 mm Hg in 10%. In patients with mass lesions only very high ICP (> 40 mm Hg) on admission was significantly associated with a poor neurological picture and outcome from injury, while in patients with diffuse brain injury any increase in ICP above 10 mm Hg was associated with a poorer neurological status and a worse outcome. Despite intensive measures aimed at prevention of intracranial hypertension, ICP rose over 20 mm Hg during the monitoring period in 64 of the 160 patients (40%). Postoperative increases in ICP over 20 mm Hg (mean) were seen in 52% of the patients who had had intracranial masses evacuated, and could not be controlled by therapy in half of these cases. Even in patients without mass lesions, ICP rose above 20 mm Hg in a third of the cases, despite artificial ventilation and steroid therapy. Of the 48 patients who died, severe intracranial hypertension was the primary cause of death in nearly half and even moderately increased ICP (> 20 mm Hg) was associated with higher morbidity in patients with mass lesions and those with diffuse brain injury. Measurement of ICP should be included in management of patients with severe head injury.

scholarly journals Access to the Intensive Care Unit by Severe Head Injury Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 666-671
Author(s):  
James A. Balogun ◽  
Obioma Akwada ◽  
Emily Awana ◽  
Folusho M. Balogun
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Initial Care ◽  
Chi Squared

Abstract Background The management of severe traumatic brain injury is directed at avoidance of secondary brain injuries. The intensive care unit (ICU) provides the ideal environment to achieving improved survival and functional outcome. The study sets out to identify the factors that determine the access of patients with severe head injury presenting at our hospital, to the ICU and their impact on outcome. Materials and Methods his was a longitudinal study at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Data of all consecutive severe head injury patients over a 9-month period, presenting to the accident and emergency department, was collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-squared test. The level of significance was p < 0.05. Result There were 36 males (80.0%) in our study, with road crashes (25; 79.5%) as the most common mechanism of injury. Most patients (33; 73.3%) were transferred to our center after initial care in another hospital. Though 31(68.9%) patients had access to the ICU, they were all delayed, with the most common reason for the delay being lack of ICU space. More patients who got admitted into ICU (14; 45.2%) were alive at 28 days into admission (p = 0.04). The females (6; 13.3%) significantly survived till 28 days on admission compared with males (p = 0.03), but there was no difference in the survival rates between children and adults. Conclusion Our study underscores the need for ICU admission in these patients to optimize outcome and identify the nonavailability of beds, as the most important cause of delayed access, as well as the need for increased manpower capacity and organized resource utilization.

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