Factor analysis of trends in energy and metals production and consumption in developed and developing countries

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul B. Suslick
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Metals Production

Poultry Production in Sub-Saharan Africa

1986 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Small Producers ◽  
Meat And Eggs

The importance of poultry as a source of meat and eggs in developing countries is generally recognised, but present levels of production and consumption in Africa are disappointing. This article reviews the factors involved and concludes that there is a need for research designed to improve the traditional methods of small producers rather than seeking to impose modern Western methods on communities too backward to make effective use of them.

Global Market Trends

2015 ◽  
pp. 37-58
Author(s):  
William Amone
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
China And India ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Market Trends ◽  
Trade Growth ◽  
Border Controls ◽  
Openness To Trade

This chapter provides a discussion of competitiveness, globalization, and trade, including their recent transformations. The global market has witnessed several changes including reductions in trade costs, increased global trade, growth of industrialization in developing countries, and a complete change in the nature of goods traded. The drivers of global market changes include shifts in production and consumption patterns, technological innovations, new ways of conducting business, and policy changes. Many governments have lately opened their economies to international trade, enabling them to reap several benefits. Openness to trade is believed to have supported the growth of many countries and has greatly contributed to the success of most Asian countries, especially China and India. Although the global market offers numerous benefits, many developing countries still face serous limitations to fully access it; they are constrained by factors such as quality inferiority, distance, quantitative restrictions, poor technical skills, bad governance, and border controls.

Implementation of Circular Practices in Small and Medium Enterprises in Developing Countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 144-166
Author(s):  
Michael Torres-Franco ◽  
Valentina Villamil
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Relationship

New forms of production and consumption seek greater respect for the environment and the environment in which economic agents are. This has led to circular business practices becoming more important and generating benefits in the final product. This chapter will show the relationship between this practice and SMEs, the problems faced by these companies, and the benefits that this practice can generate for the growth and competitiveness of organizations. The chapter will show in its first part the evolution of the circular economy, and then explain the relationship between it and the SMEs, highlighting the problems and obstacles faced by these companies to implement best practices in production. Finally, recommendations are given to facilitate the implementation of this practice in companies.

Global Market Trends

2016 ◽  
pp. 16-36
Author(s):  
William Amone
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
China And India ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Market Trends ◽  
Trade Growth ◽  
Border Controls ◽  
Openness To Trade

This chapter provides a discussion of competitiveness, globalization, and trade, including their recent transformations. The global market has witnessed several changes including reductions in trade costs, increased global trade, growth of industrialization in developing countries, and a complete change in the nature of goods traded. The drivers of global market changes include shifts in production and consumption patterns, technological innovations, new ways of conducting business, and policy changes. Many governments have lately opened their economies to international trade, enabling them to reap several benefits. Openness to trade is believed to have supported the growth of many countries and has greatly contributed to the success of most Asian countries, especially China and India. Although the global market offers numerous benefits, many developing countries still face serous limitations to fully access it; they are constrained by factors such as quality inferiority, distance, quantitative restrictions, poor technical skills, bad governance, and border controls.

The Politics of Carbon Leakage and the Fairness of Border Measures

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Eckersley
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Emission Trading ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Carbon Leakage ◽  
Leadership Responsibilities ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Climate Regulation ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Border Adjustment

The article critically examines domestic political concerns about the competitive disadvantages and possible carbon leakage arising from the introduction of domestic emission trading legislation and the fairness of applying carbon equalization measures at the border as a response to these concerns. I argue that the border adjustment measures proposed in the emissions trading bills that have been presented to Congress amount to an evasion of the U.S.'s leadership responsibilities under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). I also show how the “level commercial playing field” justification for border measures that has dominated U.S. domestic debates is narrow and lopsided because it focuses only on the competitive disadvantages and direct carbon leakage that may flow from climate regulation while ignoring general shifts in the production and consumption of emissions in the global economy, which have enabled the outsourcing of emission to developing countries. The UNFCC production-based method of emissions accounting enables Northern consumers to enjoy the benefit of cheaper imports from Southern producers and to attribute the emissions associated with this consumption to the South. I argue that it is possible to design fair border measures that address carbon leakage, are consistent with the leadership responsibilities of developed countries, do not penalize developing countries, and ensure that consumers take some responsibility for the emissions outsourced to developing countries.

scholarly journals Understanding Rural Women’s Domestic Work Experiences (DWE) in Ibadan, Nigeria: Development of a Measurement Tool Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11043
Author(s):  
Abisola Osinuga ◽  
Brandi Janssen ◽  
Nathan B Fethke ◽  
William T Story ◽  
John A Imaledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Domestic Work ◽  
Domestic Labor ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Latent Factors ◽  
Stress Appraisal ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Gender norms prescribe domestic labor as primarily a female’s responsibility in developing countries. Many domestic tasks depend on access to water, so the physical, emotional, and time demands of domestic labor may be exacerbated for women living in water-insecure environments. We developed a set of domestic work experience (DWE) measures tailored to work in rural areas in developing countries, assessed rural Nigerian women’s DWE, and examined relationships among the measures. Interviewer-administered survey data were collected between August and September from 256 women in four rural Nigerian communities. Latent factors of DWE were identified by analyzing survey items using confirmatory factor analysis. Pearson’s correlation was used to examine relationships among latent factor scores, and multivariate linear regression models were used to determine if factor scores significantly differed across socio-demographic characteristics. The DWE measures consisted of latent factors of the physical domain (frequency of common domestic tasks, water sourcing and carriage, experience of water scarcity), the psychosocial domain (stress appraisal and demand–control), and the social domain (social support). Significant correlations were observed among the latent factors within and across domains. Results revealed the importance of measuring rural Nigerian women’s DWE using multiple and contextual approaches rather than relying solely on one exposure measure. Multiple inter-related factors contributed to women’s DWE. Water insecurity exacerbated the physical and emotional demands of domestic labor DWE varied across age categories and pregnancy status among rural Nigerian women.

scholarly journals The Preparedness of the Indonesian Garment Exporters in the Post-MFA Scenario: An Analysis from the Survey

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Muchsin Shihab ◽  
Sudhir K. Jain
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Bilateral Agreements ◽  
Final Number ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fiber Arrangement ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
Proactive Measures ◽  
Broad Objective

The clothing or garments industry has developed rapidly during the past some decades and has contributed to the economic growth of many nations, both developed and developing countries. This industry has been very much regulated by many bilateral agreements such as Multi Fiber Arrangement (MFA), a quota arrangement made by the importing countries. As MFA (quota regime) comes to an end by 2005 and integrates into the WTO regime, it will bring opportunities to highly competitive and proactive garment exporting countries whereas the challenges will be faced more by the less competitive countries. Issues related to environment and social compliance, technology requirements etc. have been brought into surface by the importing countries, which may worsen the condition. Under the above scenario, it is imperative that certain proactive measures be taken. Thus, the broad objective of this study is to analyze the response of the garment exporters from Indonesia towards the emerging issues related to environmental and social compliance, technology requirements etc. The present study is a questionnaire-based study. The samples have been selected from the Directories of largest exporters in the country. With reminders and persuasion, the final number of useable responses has been 115 Indonesian garment exporters. Seven factors of the emerging issues were identified by using factor analysis. In addition, factors of competitiveness, and the strategies adopted by the exporters have also been analyzed. The findings show that the overall perceptions of the Indonesia garment exporters indicate that Indonesia is less competitive as compared to other competing countries.

scholarly journals MITIGATING STRATEGIES OF THREATS TO QUANTITY SURVEYING PROFESSION IN THE NIGERIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Lekan Ojo ◽  
Bolarinwa Ibrahim ◽  
Ayodeji Oke ◽  
Akinsami Akindeinde
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Firms ◽  
Technology Advancement ◽  
Consulting Firms ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Quantity Surveying ◽  
Practice Knowledge

Quantity surveying (QS) profession had faced numerous challenges in recent decades than when it was first introduced in developing countries. In addition, opportunities via technology advancement to the profession were also perceived as threats. This, therefore, inform the need to investigate the possible mitigating strategies to the threats confronting the profession in the Nigerian construction industry as an attempt to proffer solutions. Therefore, opinions of quantity surveyors in construction firms, consulting firms and government establishments of Lagos State, Nigeria were collected through a survey. The mitigating strategies garnered from extant literature were used to elicit the opinions of the respondents. One hundred and twelve (112) copies of questionnaires were administered, while the retrieved copies were used to analyse with both descriptive and inferential statistics. Mean score and Standard Deviation (SD) were used to rank the opinions of the respondents, and factor analysis was used to group the mitigating strategies into concise form for ease of discussion. The results of the analysis show that the mitigating strategies identified in the study are significant to mitigating the threats in the QS profession. The factor analysis conducted grouped the mitigating strategies into four major groups, namely practice, knowledge, progressive learning and ethics. These groupings were discussed within the context of the study and in relation with previous researches. This study proffers possible solutions to the threats to the QS profession that had been publicised in many studies.

Perceived Tourist Harassment in Tourist Destinations

2021 ◽  
pp. 299-313
Author(s):  
Shamila Rasanjani Wijesundara ◽  
Athula Gnanapala
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Coastal Belt ◽  
The World

Tourism is a fast-growing industry in the world. Many developing countries have recognized the economic contribution of the tourism industry towards to country; therefore, it has been included as an integral part of their development strategies. Sri Lanka continues to use tourism as one of the incomes earning strategy of its nation. At present, a huge tourism development is continued while accepting severe issues occurs itself like tourist harassment. The nature of the harassment is different from destination to destination, and this study mainly aims to identify the harassment in Sri Lanka. The study carried out in Southern Coastal Belt, considering foreign tourists as the sample to the study. A pretested questionnaire was distributed among 600 foreigners to collect primary data for the study, and 530 questionnaires were valid for the analysis. The collected data was analyzed through exploratory factor analysis, which revealed six major types of harassment in Sri Lanka as a result of tourist consumption process throughout the vacation.

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