effects of neem(Azadirachta indica) seed kernel extracts from different solvents on the predacious mitePhytoseiulus persimilis and the phytophagous miteTetranychus cinnabarinus

Use of eco-friendly naturally occurring plant products in the management of the mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi Kaltenbach (Hemiptera:Aphididae) under laboratory conditions was carried out. The results revealed that the nymphs and adults mortality of mustard aphid varied significantly with three different concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0%) of five plant products. The mortality was high with seed kernel extracts of neem, Azadirachta indica killed nymphs and adults of L. erysimi (70.82 %) followed by leaves extracts of lagundi, Vitex negundo Linn. (69.40 %), leaves extract of Parthenium hysterophorus Linn. (65.38 %), leaves extract of arusa, Adhatoda vasica Nees. (55.81%), aerial parts of aripple, Lantana camara Linn. (51.70%) and untreated control (1.5 %), respectively. The seed kernel extracts of A. indica differed significantly from the remaining ones except V. negundo from which it does not differ significantly to one another. The effects of carrot grass, P. hysterophorus was recorded moderate aphidicidal action while L. camara caused the lowest mortality of nymphs and adults of L. erysimi among all treated natural products. Of the five plant products tested A. indica performed better under all the experimental conditions where as untreated control gave only 01.5% aphid mortality. The concentrations 2.0% are superior to concentration 1.0% and 0.5% concentrations. Similarly maximum aphid mortality was observed after 24 hours of exposure and minimum after 6hours. The exposure periods of 24 hours was significantly superior to 12 hours and 6 hours in both control and plant products.

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Water-washed neem (Azadirachta indica juss) seed kernel cake as a cattle feed

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s002185960003762x ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 101 (2) ◽

pp. 323-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

K. Nath ◽

S. Rajagopal ◽

A. K. Garg

Keyword(s):

Wheat Bran ◽

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Inorganic Phosphorus ◽

Control Group ◽

Common Salt ◽

Seed Kernel ◽

Neem Seed ◽

Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase ◽

Concentrate Mixture

SUMMARYNeem (Azadirachta indica juss) seed kernel cake was water treated and dried in the sun. It was palatable to cattle, despite its bitter smell.Twelve growing calves were divided into two equal groups; one group (control) had a standard concentrate mixture consisting of crushed maize 30 parts, groundnut cake 30 parts, wheat bran 38 parts and in the second group (experimental) the concentrate mixture had crushed maize 30 parts, neem seed kernel cake (water washed) 45 parts and wheat bran 23 parts. Both the mixtures had common salt and mineral mixture 1 part each. The roughage fed was the same in both groups.The mean growth rate of calves in 273 days was 403 g/day in the control group and 344 g/day in the experimental group which did not differ significantly (P > 0·05). The dry-matter intake, digestibilities of all the organic nutrients, total digestible nutrient values and the balances of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus remained similar (P > 0·05) in the two groups. The blood haemoglobin, serum inorganic phosphorus and the activity of serum alkaline phosphatase, serum acid phosphatase, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase also did not differ significantly (P > 0·05) in the two groups.It is concluded that water washing of neem seed kernel cake very largely removes toxic principles responsible for retardation in growth.

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