In vitro degradation of wheat straw treated with neem (Azadirachta indica) seed kernel cake water extract

1994 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok K. Verma ◽  
Neeta Agarwal ◽  
Dinesh K. Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Seed Kernel ◽  
In Vitro Degradation

scholarly journals Pengaruh Larutan Kombinasi Daun Mimba (Azadirachta indica) dengan Buah Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens) terhadap Mortalitas Kutu Daun Hijau (Aphis gossypii) Secara In Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Mijwad Rajab ◽  
Ari Hayati ◽  
Hasan Zayadi
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Test Results

The results of the introduction show that the water fruit chili, having the effect on mortalitas pest aphids green (Aphis gossypii) in concentration 10 %, while in water extract leaves mimba having the effect on mortalitas pest aphids in concentration 20 %. Has done research aimed at know the influence of concentration combination leaves mimba (Azadirachta indica) with fruit chili (Capsicum frutescens) of mortalitas aphids green (Aphis gossypii) in plants chili and to see how the concentration of a solution combination leaves mimba and waste fruit chili most effective against mortalitas aphids green (Aphis gossypii) in plants chili. This research uses experimental methods and design used is a random complete ( RAL ) but the concentration of a solution 0 %, 5 %, 10 %, 15 % and 20 %. Every treatment using 4 remedial. Every remedial there are 10 tail nymph aphids and sprayed by three times for 24 hours. The analysis of data using anova in monitoring also show that f count the concentration ( 61,07 ) were greater than f table ( 0,000 ). Of the result it can be said that mortalitas aphids after he received solution concentration combination leaves mimba and waste fruit chili markedly dissimilar between treatment. Test results BNT on 5 % (P ≤ 0,05) obtained concentration 15 % which are effective for control pests aphids green (Aphis gossypii) in plants chili . ABSTRAKHasil uji pendahuluan menunjukkan bahwa air buah cabai, memiliki pengaruh terhadap mortalitas hama kutu daun hijau (Aphis gossypii) pada konsentrasi 10 %, Sedangkan pada air ekstrak daun mimba memiliki pengaruh terhadap mortalitas hama kutu daun pada konsentrasi 20 %. Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi kombinasi daun mimba (Azadirachta indica) dengan buah cabai rawit (Capsicum  frutescens) terhadap mortalitas kutu daun hijau (Aphis gossypii) pada tanaman cabai dan untuk mengetahui berapa konsentrasi larutan kombinasi daun mimba dan limbah buah cabai rawit yang paling efektif terhadap mortalitas kutu daun hijau (Aphis gossypii) pada tanaman cabai. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dan rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan konsentrasi larutan 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% dan 20%. Setiap perlakuan menggunakan 4 ulangan. Setiap ulangan terdapat 10 ekor nimfa kutu daun dan disemprot 3x selama 24 jam. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA. Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan F hitung  (61,07) lebih besar dari F tabel (0,000). Dari hasil tersebut dapat dikatakan bahwa mortalitas kutu daun setelah diberi larutan konsentrasi kombinasi daun mimba dan limbah buah cabai rawit berbeda nyata antar perlakuan. Hasil uji BNT pada (P ≤ 0,05 ) didapatkan konsentrasi 15 % yang efektif untuk mengendalikan hama kutu daun hijau (Aphis gossypii) pada tanaman cabai.    

scholarly journals An In Vitro Microbiological Study Evaluating the Efficacy of Soluneem (A Water Soluble Neem Formulation from Azadirachta Indica) Against Periodontopathic Microorganisms

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
A Suchetha ◽  
Shefali Sharma ◽  
R Vijayendra ◽  
G Bharwani Ashit
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Seed Kernel ◽  
Subgingival Plaque ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Pocket Depth

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of Soluneem (a water soluble formulation from the neem seed kernel from Azadirachta Indica containing Azadirachtin) as an antimicrobial agent and the effective concentration of Soluneem required to inhibit periodontopathic bacteria and to compare it with a known antiplaque agent chlorhexidine (0.2%) in vitro. Material and Methods The subgingival plaque samples from a total of 20 sites from 5 patients (4 sites per patient) was taken with a probing pocket depth of >”5mm. Subgingival plaque samples were collected, cultivated, and incubated anaerobically as per the standard procedure. Further subculturing was done to obtain pure growth. Various biochemical tests were used for identifying each organism as per the standard protocol. The sensitivity to the varying concentrations of neem like 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.125% and 1.5625% and 0.2% Chlorhexidine solution was tested using the Modified Disc diffusion method. The sensitivity was tested by measuring the zones of inhibition comparing with the known standard diameter. Results The organisms isolated and percentage of identification rate from total of five patients was 60% for Bacteroids fragilis, 40% for Bacteroids distasonis, 20% for Prevotella corporis, 20% for Prevotella melaninogenica, and 20% for Peptostreptococus species. Chlorhexidine 0.2 % was effective against micro organisms cultivated and isolated in this study. However Soluneem was not effective against the organisms cultivated in this study. Conclusion Soluneem had no effect on the growth of any of the isolated organisms. Further studies testing soluneem against other putative periodontal pathogens with Azadirachtin are warranted.

scholarly journals In vitro and ex vivo activity of an Azadirachta indica A.Juss. seed kernel extract on early sporogonic development of Plasmodium in comparison with azadirachtin A, its most abundant constituent

Phytomedicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (14) ◽  
pp. 1743-1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Dahiya ◽  
Giuseppina Chianese ◽  
Solomon Mequanente Abay ◽  
Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati ◽  
Fulvio Esposito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Seed Kernel ◽  
Azadirachtin A

Inhibitory effects of epimedium herb water extract on the inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
YC Oh ◽  
YH Jeong ◽  
WK Cho ◽  
SJ Lee ◽  
JY Ma
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effects

The In Vitro Antibiofilm Activity of Water Leaf Extract of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-163
Author(s):  
Ekajayanti Kining ◽  
Syamsul Falah ◽  
Novik Nurhidayat
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Bacterial Survival ◽  
Optimum Conditions

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of opportunistic pathogen forming bacterial biofilm. The biofilm sustains the bacterial survival and infections. This study aimed to assess the activity of water extract of papaya leaves on inhibition of cells attachment, growth and degradation of the biofilm using crystal violet (CV) biofilm assay. Research results showed that water extract of papaya leaves contains alkaloids, tanins, flavonoids, and steroids/terpenoids and showed antibacterial activity and antibiofilm against P. aeruginosa. Addition of extract can inhibit the cell attachment and was able to degrade the biofilm of 40.92% and 48.058% respectively at optimum conditions: extract concentration of 25% (v/v), temperature 37.5 °C and contact time 45 minutes. With a concentration of 25% (v/v), temperature of 50 °C and the contact time of 3 days, extract of papaya leaves can inhibit the growth of biofilms of 39.837% v/v.

In-Vitro Effects of Ricinus Communis Seed Kernel Extract On Some Antioxidant And Hydrolytic Enzymes In Nymph And Adult Zonocerus Variegatus (Grasshopper)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
Gbadebo E . Adeleke ◽  
Olaniyi T. Adedosu ◽  
Rachael O. Adeyi ◽  
John O. Fatoki
Keyword(s):  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Crude Enzyme ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Seed Kernel ◽  
Zonocerus Variegatus ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
In Vitro Effects

Background: Many plants have been identified for their insecticidal properties as alternatives to synthetic ones, which are toxic to untargeted organisms and environment. Ricinus communis (Castor) has been re-ported to exhibit insecticidal properties against insect pests. Zonocerus variegatus (Grasshopper) is a notable pest of several crops, and has been linked with great economic losses to farmers. The present study investigates the in-vitro toxicity of R. communis seed kernel extract (RCSKE) on the activities of selected antioxidant and hydrolytic enzymes in nymph and adult Zonocerus variegatus (Grasshopper), using cypermethrin (CYPER-M) and chlorpyrifos (CPF) as standard conventional pesticides. Methods: Seed kernel of Ricinus communis (Castor) was subjected to acidified aqueous extraction to obtain the extract (RCSKE). Crude enzyme preparations were obtained from nymph and adult Z. variegatus grass-hoppers. The in-vitro effects of different concentrations (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 105μg/ml) each of RCSKE, CYPER-M and CPF on the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and carboxylesterase (CES) in crude enzyme preparations were estimated spectrophotometrically. The level of statistical significance was 0.05. Results: The RCSKE significantly reduced the in-vitro SOD activity (p < 0.05) in nymph Z. variegatus at all the concentrations, whereas both CYPER-M and CPF significantly reduced the activity only at certain concentrations. The CAT activity in the nymph was significantly decreased by RCSKE and CPF at all the concentrations, but CYPER-M decreased it only at certain concentrations. In adult Z. variegatus, SOD activity was not significantly affected (p > 0.05), while CAT activity was significantly increased (p < 0.05) by the three agents at all the concentrations. The AChE and CES activities in the nymph were significantly reduced by RCSKE, CYPER-M and CPF at all the concentrations. The RCSKE and CPF significantly increased the CES activity, while CYPER-M caused a significant decrease in the activity in adult Z. variegatus. Conclusion: The seed kernel extract of Ricinus communis is an effective pesticidal agent and hence, it could be a source of biopesticide alternative with greater potential than cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos. In addition, the antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase and carboxylesterase enzymes in the nymphs of Z. variegatus grasshoppers are more susceptible to the effect of the extract than in the adult grasshoppers.

In Vitro Degradation Of beta-Amyloid[25-35] Peptide

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 423-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krisztina Jost ◽  
Jozsef Varga ◽  
Botond Pence ◽  
Marta Zarandi
Keyword(s):  
Beta Amyloid ◽  
In Vitro Degradation

scholarly journals In Vitro Degradation of Absorbable Zinc Alloys in Artificial Urine

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Champagne ◽  
Ehsan Mostaed ◽  
Fariba Safizadeh ◽  
Edward Ghali ◽  
Maurizio Vedani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Urinary Tract Obstruction ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Corrosion Layer ◽  
Uniform Corrosion ◽  
In Vitro Degradation ◽  
Pure Zinc ◽  
Zinc Alloys ◽  
Artificial Urine

Absorbable metals have potential for making in-demand rigid temporary stents for the treatment of urinary tract obstruction, where polymers have reached their limits. In this work, in vitro degradation behavior of absorbable zinc alloys in artificial urine was studied using electrochemical methods and advanced surface characterization techniques with a comparison to a magnesium alloy. The results showed that pure zinc and its alloys (Zn–0.5Mg, Zn–1Mg, Zn–0.5Al) exhibited slower corrosion than pure magnesium and an Mg–2Zn–1Mn alloy. The corrosion layer was composed mostly of hydroxide, carbonate, and phosphate, without calcium content for the zinc group. Among all tested metals, the Zn–0.5Al alloy exhibited a uniform corrosion layer with low affinity with the ions in artificial urine.

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