Ethanol inactivates feline calicivirus and murine norovirus, as human norovirus surrogates on stainless steel surfaces

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 915-920
Author(s):  
Seok-Won Kim ◽  
Seung-Bum Baek ◽  
Min-Hwa Lee ◽  
ChangSun Choi ◽  
Sang-Do Ha
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Feline Calicivirus ◽  
Murine Norovirus ◽  
Human Norovirus ◽  
Steel Surfaces

Tenacity of Human Norovirus and the Surrogates Feline Calicivirus and Murine Norovirus during Long-Term Storage on Common Nonporous Food Contact Surfaces

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
SASCHA MORMANN ◽  
CATHRIN HEIßENBERG ◽  
JENS PFANNEBECKER ◽  
BARBARA BECKER
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Feline Calicivirus ◽  
Murine Norovirus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Human Norovirus ◽  
Food Contact Surfaces ◽  
Contact Surfaces

The transfer of human norovirus (hNV) to food via contaminated surfaces is highly probable during food production, processing, and preparation. In this study, the tenacity of hNV and its cultivable surrogates feline calicivirus (FCV) and murine norovirus (MNV) on two common nonporous surface materials at two storage temperatures was directly compared. Virus titer reduction on artificially inoculated stainless steel and plastic carriers was monitored for 70 days at room temperature and at 7°C. Viruses were recovered at various time points by elution. Genomes from intact capsids (hNV, FCV, and MNV) were quantified with real-time reverse transcription (RT) PCR, and infectivity (FCV and MNV) was assessed with plaque assay. RNase treatment before RNA extraction was used to eliminate exposed RNA and to assess capsid integrity. No significant differences in titer reduction were found between materials (stainless steel or plastic) with the plaque assay or the real-time quantitative RT-PCR. At room temperature, infectious FCV and MNV were detected for 7 days. Titers of intact hNV, FCV, and MNV capsids dropped gradually and were still detectable after 70 days with a loss of 3 to 4 log units. At 7°C, the viruses were considerably more stable than they were at room temperature. Although only MNV infectivity was unchanged after 70 days, the numbers of intact capsids (hNV, FCV, and MNV) were stable with less than a 1-log reduction. The results indicate that hNV persists on food contact surfaces and seems to remain infective for weeks. MNV appears to be more stable than FCV at 7°C, and thus is the most suitable surrogate for hNV under dry conditions. Although a perfect quantitative correlation between intact capsids and infective particles was not obtained, real-time quantitative RT-PCR provided qualitative data about hNV inactivation characteristics. The results of this comparative study might support future efforts in assessment of foodborne virus risk and food safety.

scholarly journals Antiviral Effect of Korean Red Ginseng Extract and Ginsenosides on Murine Norovirus and Feline Calicivirus as Surrogates for Human Norovirus

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Hwa Lee ◽  
Bog-Hieu Lee ◽  
Ji-Youn Jung ◽  
Doo-Sung Cheon ◽  
Kyung-Tack Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Feline Calicivirus ◽  
Murine Norovirus ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Human Norovirus ◽  
Korean Red Ginseng ◽  
Ginseng Extract

scholarly journals Antiviral Effects of Lindera obtusiloba Leaf Extract on Murine Norovirus-1 (MNV-1), a Human Norovirus Surrogate, and Potential Application to Model Foods

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 697
Author(s):  
Diana Solis-Sanchez ◽  
Adriana Rivera-Piza ◽  
Soyoung Lee ◽  
Jia Kim ◽  
Bomi Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Viral Infectivity ◽  
Murine Norovirus ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Human Norovirus ◽  
Lindera Obtusiloba ◽  
Natural Agent

Noroviruses are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis and food poisoning worldwide. In this study, we investigated the anti-noroviral activity of Lindera obtusiloba leaf extract (LOLE) using murine norovirus (MNV-1), a surrogate of human norovirus. Preincubation of MNV-1 with LOLE at 4, 8, or 12 mg/mL for 1 h at 25 °C significantly reduced viral infectivity, by 51.8%, 64.1%, and 71.2%, respectively. Among LOLE single compounds, β-pinene (49.7%), α-phellandrene (26.2%), and (+)-limonene (17.0%) demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on viral infectivity after pretreatment with MNV-1, suggesting that the anti-noroviral effects of LOLE may be due to the synergetic activity of several compounds, with β-pinene as a key molecule. The inhibitory effect of LOLE was tested on the edible surfaces of lettuce, cabbage, and oysters, as well as on stainless steel. After one hour of incubation at 25°C, LOLE (12 mg/mL) pretreatment significantly reduced MNV-1 plaque formation on lettuce (76.4%), cabbage (60.0%), oyster (38.2%), and stainless-steel (62.8%). These results suggest that LOLE effectively inhibits norovirus on food and metal surfaces. In summary, LOLE, including β-pinene, may inactivate norovirus and could be used as a natural agent promoting food safety and hygiene.

The virucidal effect against murine norovirus and feline calicivirus as surrogates for human norovirus by ethanol-based sanitizers

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Shimizu-Onda ◽  
Tempei Akasaka ◽  
Fumihiro Yagyu ◽  
Shihoko Komine-Aizawa ◽  
Yukinobu Tohya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feline Calicivirus ◽  
Murine Norovirus ◽  
Human Norovirus ◽  
Virucidal Effect

Evaluation of Murine Norovirus Persistence in Environments Relevant to Food Production and Processing

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 1847-1851 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. FALLAHI ◽  
K. MATTISON
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
The Other ◽  
Murine Norovirus ◽  
Human Norovirus ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Virus Survival

Human norovirus (NoV) causes outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis associated with many ready-to-eat foods, including fresh produce. Effective inactivation procedures must consider virus survival under conditions of produce production and processing. This study aimed to investigate the persistence of NoV in a variety of environments, using murine NoV (MNV) as a surrogate for NoV. MNV was incubated for up to 42 days at room temperature on stainless steel disks, on lettuce, on soil, and in potable water and titers determined by plaque assay. A 1-log reduction of MNV infectivity was observed after 29 days in water, 4 days on lettuce, 12 days on soil, and 15 days on stainless steel disks. MNV survived longer in water than in any of the other environments, indicating that drying may contribute to NoV inactivation. MNV genomes were not significantly reduced for up to 42 days, suggesting that genomic detection is not a reliable indicator of viability. Overall, our findings provide valuable information regarding the potential for NoV transmission in the food supply.

Chlorine Treatment To Inactivate Norovirus on Food Contact Surfaces

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEOK-WON KIM ◽  
SEUNG-BUM BAEK ◽  
JI-HYOUNG HA ◽  
MIN HWA LEE ◽  
CHANGSUN CHOI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
Murine Norovirus ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Food Contact ◽  
Food Contact Surfaces ◽  
Steel Surfaces ◽  
Contact Surfaces ◽  
Central Composite

This study was conducted to determine the concentration and optimal treatment time of chlorine for reducing feline calicivirus (FCV) and murine norovirus (MNV) as surrogates of norovirus (NoV) on stainless steel surfaces and to develop a predictive inactivation method using a response surface methodology. The reduction levels of FCV VR-782 and MNV on stainless steel surfaces after treatment with various concentrations of chlorine (0 to 5,000 ppm) for various times (0 to 5 min) were measured. The reduction values of both FCV and MNV on stainless steel surfaces after 5,000 ppm of chlorine treatment for 5 min were 5.20 TCID50 per coupon. The predictive results obtained by central composite design were analyzed by standard analysis of variance. The application of multiple regression analysis was related to the following polynomial equations: (i) and (ii) . It was concluded that these polynomial equation models of reduction of FCV and MNV could be used to determine the minimum concentration of chlorine and exposure times to control human NoV on food contact surfaces.

Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor Decontamination in a Patient Room Using Feline Calicivirus and Murine Norovirus as Surrogate Markers for Human Norovirus

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Holmdahl ◽  
Mats Walder ◽  
Nathalie Uzcátegui ◽  
Inga Odenholt ◽  
Peter Lanbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Feline Calicivirus ◽  
Murine Norovirus ◽  
Patient Room ◽  
Human Norovirus ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Infective Dose ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor

OBJECTIVETo determine whether hydrogen peroxide vapor (HPV) could be used to decontaminate caliciviruses from surfaces in a patient room.DESIGNFeline calicivirus (FCV) and murine norovirus (MNV) were used as surrogate viability markers to mimic the noncultivable human norovirus. Cell culture supernatants of FCV and MNV were dried in triplicate 35-mm wells of 6-well plastic plates. These plates were placed in various positions in a nonoccupied patient room that was subsequently exposed to HPV. Control plates were positioned in a similar room but were never exposed to HPV.METHODSVirucidal activity was measured in cell culture by reduction in 50% tissue culture infective dose titer for FCV and by both 50% tissue culture infective dose titer and plaque reduction for MNV.RESULTSNeither viable FCV nor viable MNV could be detected in the test room after HPV treatment. At least 3.65 log reduction for FCV and at least 3.67 log reduction for MNV were found by 50% tissue culture infective dose. With plaque assay, measurable reduction for MNV was at least 2.85 log units.CONCLUSIONSThe successful inactivation of both surrogate viruses indicates that HPV could be a useful tool for surface decontamination of a patient room contaminated by norovirus. Hence nosocomial spread to subsequent patients can be avoided.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;37:561–566

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