scholarly journals Classical algebraic structures in string theory effective actions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Erbin ◽  
Carlo Maccaferri ◽  
Martin Schnabl ◽  
Jakub Vošmera
Keyword(s):  
String Theory ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Microscopic Theory ◽  
Open String ◽  
Closed String ◽  
Effective Theory ◽  
Generic Properties ◽  
Vertical Decomposition ◽  
String Background ◽  
New Framework

Abstract We study generic properties of string theory effective actions obtained by classically integrating out massive excitations from string field theories based on cyclic homotopy algebras of A∞ or L∞ type. We construct observables in the UV theory and we discuss their fate after integration-out. Furthermore, we discuss how to compose two subsequent integrations of degrees of freedom (horizontal composition) and how to integrate out degrees of freedom after deforming the UV theory with a new consistent interaction (vertical decomposition). We then apply our general results to the open bosonic string using Witten’s open string field theory. There we show how the horizontal composition can be used to systematically integrate out the Nakanishi-Lautrup field from the set of massless excitations, ending with a non-abelian A∞-gauge theory for just the open string gluon. Moreover we show how the vertical decomposition can be used to construct effective open-closed couplings by deforming Witten OSFT with a tadpole given by the Ellwood invariant. Also, we discuss how the effective theory controls the possibility of removing the tadpole in the microscopic theory, giving a new framework for studying D-brane deformations induced by changes in the closed string background.

scholarly journals T-duality in nonrelativistic open string theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaume Gomis ◽  
Ziqi Yan ◽  
Matthew Yu
Keyword(s):  
String Theory ◽  
Open String ◽  
Closed String ◽  
Quantization Scheme ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
Duality Transformations ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
String Spectrum ◽  
String Background ◽  
Noncommutative Open String Theory

Abstract Nonrelativistic open string theory is defined by a worldsheet theory that produces a Galilean invariant string spectrum and is described at low energies by a nonrelativistic Yang-Mills theory [1]. We study T-duality transformations in the path integral for the sigma model that describes nonrelativistic open string theory coupled to an arbitrary closed string background, described by a string Newton-Cartan geometry, Kalb-Ramond, and dilaton field. We prove that T-duality transformations map nonrelativistic open string theory to relativistic and noncommutative open string theory in the discrete light cone quantization (DLCQ), a quantization scheme relevant for Matrix string theory. We also show how the worldvolume dynamics of nonrelativistic open string theory described by the Dirac-Born-Infeld type action found in [1] maps to the Dirac-Born-Infeld actions describing the worldvolume theories of the DLCQ of open string theory and noncommutative open string theory.

scholarly journals STRING FIELD THEORY OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL QCD ON A CYLINDER: A REALIZATION OF W∞ CURRENT ALGEBRA

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 2189-2223 ◽  
Author(s):  
AVINASH DHAR ◽  
PORUS LAKDAWALA ◽  
GAUTAM MANDAL ◽  
SPENTA R. WADIA
Keyword(s):  
String Theory ◽  
Current Algebra ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Open String ◽  
Effective Theory ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Large N ◽  
Glueball Spectrum ◽  
Effective Description

We consider two-dimensional QCD on a cylinder, where space is a circle of length L. We formulate the theory in terms of gauge-invariant gluon operators and multiple-winding meson (open string) operators. The meson bilocal operators satisfy a W∞ current algebra. The gluon sector (closed strings) contains purely quantum-mechanical degrees of freedom. The description of this sector in terms of nonrelativistic fermions leads to a W∞ algebra. The spectrum of excitations of the full theory is therefore organized according to two different algebras: a wedge subalgebra of W∞ current algebra in the meson sector and a wedge subalgebra of W∞ algebra in the glueball sector. In the large N limit the theory becomes semiclassical and an effective description for the gluon degrees of freedom can be obtained. We have solved the effective theory of the gluons in the small L limit. We get a glueball spectrum which coincides with the “discrete states” of the (Euclidean) c=1 string theory. We remark on the implications of these results for (a) QCD at finite temperature and (b) string theory.

scholarly journals TACHYON DYNAMICS IN OPEN STRING THEORY

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 5513-5656 ◽  
Author(s):  
ASHOKE SEN
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
String Theory ◽  
String Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Dynamics ◽  
Open String ◽  
Closed String ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Potential Models ◽  
Conformal Field ◽  
String Background

In this review we describe our current understanding of the properties of open string tachyons on an unstable D-brane or brane–antibrane system in string theory. The various string theoretic methods used for this study include techniques of two-dimensional conformal field theory, open string field theory, boundary string field theory, noncommutative solitons, etc. We also describe various attempts to understand these results using field theoretic methods. These field theory models include toy models like singular potential models and p-adic string theory, as well as more realistic version of the tachyon effective action based on Dirac–Born–Infeld type action. Finally we study closed string background produced by the "decaying" unstable D-branes, both in the critical string theory and in the two-dimensional string theory, and describe the open string completeness conjecture that emerges out of this study. According to this conjecture the quantum dynamics of an unstable D-brane system is described by an internally consistent quantum open string field theory without any need to couple the system to closed strings. Each such system can be regarded as a part of the "hologram" describing the full string theory.

scholarly journals OPEN-CLOSED DUALITY: LESSONS FROM MATRIX MODEL

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 841-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
ASHOKE SEN
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
String Theory ◽  
Matrix Model ◽  
String Field Theory ◽  
Classical Result ◽  
Open String ◽  
Closed String ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Two Dimensional

Recent investigations involving the decay of unstable D-branes in string theory suggest that the tree level open string theory which describes the dynamics of the D-brane already knows about the closed string states produced in the decay of the brane. We propose a specific conjecture involving quantum open string field theory to explain this classical result, and show that the recent results in two-dimensional string theory are in exact accordance with this conjecture.

scholarly journals T-DUALITY AND NONCOMMUTATIVE DBI ACTION

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVOUD KAMANI
Keyword(s):  
Open String ◽  
Closed String ◽  
Effective Theory ◽  
Coupling Constant ◽  
Dual Theory ◽  
Effective Coupling ◽  
Effective Coupling Constant ◽  
Effective Metric

In this paper we study the noncommutative description of the DBI Lagrangian and its T-dual counterpart. We restrict the freedoms of the noncommutativity parameters of these Lagrangians. Therefore the noncommutativity parameter, the effective metric, the effective coupling constant of the string and the extra modulus [Formula: see text] of the effective T-dual theory, can be expressed in terms of the closed string variables g, B, gs and the noncommutativity parameter of the effective theory of open string.

scholarly journals HOLOMORPHIC FACTORIZATION AND RENORMALIZATION GROUP IN CLOSED STRING THEORY

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 1161-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. SATHIAPALAN
Keyword(s):  
Renormalization Group ◽  
String Theory ◽  
Open String ◽  
Renormalization Group Equation ◽  
Closed String ◽  
Group Equation ◽  
Sums Of Products

The prescription of Kawai, Lewellen and Tye for writing closed string tree amplitudes as sums of products of open string tree amplitudes, is applied to the worldsheet renormalization group equation. The main point is that regularization of the Minkowski (rather than Euclidean) worldsheet theory allows factorization into left-moving and right-moving sectors to be maintained. Explicit calculations are done for the tachyon and the (gauge fixed) graviton.

Quantum open string theory with manifest closed string factorization

1991 ◽  
Vol 256 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barton Zwiebach
Keyword(s):  
String Theory ◽  
Open String ◽  
Closed String

scholarly journals 1+1 DIMENSIONAL NCOS AND ITS U(N) GAUGE THEORY DUAL

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (05) ◽  
pp. 922-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
IGOR R. KLEBANOV ◽  
JUAN MALDACENA
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Finite Energy ◽  
Open String ◽  
Closed String ◽  
Dual Theory ◽  
Open Strings ◽  
Electric Flux

We study some aspects of open string theories on D-branes with critical electric fields. We show that the massless open string modes that move in the direction of the electric field decouple. In the 1+1 dimensional case the dual theory is U(N) SYM with electric flux, and the decoupling of massless open strings is dual to the decoupling of the U(1) degrees of freedom. We also show that, if the direction along the electric field is compact, then there are finite energy winding closed string modes. They are dual to Higgs branch excitations of the SYM theory, and their energetics works accordingly. These properties provide new non-trivial evidence for the duality.

scholarly journals Chord Language:Chord Painting Legend

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong LI ◽  
Xiaohong LI ◽  
Xiaohong LI
Keyword(s):  
String Theory ◽  
Discrete Spectrum ◽  
Physical Phenomenon ◽  
Open String ◽  
Closed String ◽  
Ancient Medicine ◽  
Philosophical Significance ◽  
Time Space ◽  
String Membrane ◽  
Basic Features

Chord language is the natural (physical, mathematical) coding language of time-space and life. In chord language, music, painting, life, physics and other disciplines are interdependent and cannot be cut. They can be expressed in chord mathematics, which is like the theory of all things. Chord language is often expressed in the disciplines of music, painting, and meridian (the theory of oriental ancient medicine), which produce semantic expressions such as time, space, life, and spirit. The basic features are: quantized discrete spectrum, chord geometric semantics (open string, closed string, membrane string), which is a time-space, life coding language with physical and mathematical forms. Here is a question that cannot be avoided: quantum, string theory in music, painting? Music and painting are the most common chord language phenomena. In chord mathematics, the two are reverse-mirror relations, respectively expressing: time and space. Can directly present the nature and relationship of time-space. Chord language is not only a spiritual phenomenon (music, painting), but also a physical phenomenon (discrete spectrum, string), observing chord language events, such as: music, painting, etc. - also observing physical events, it has spiritual-natural isomorphism, This is its philosophical significance. The chord language is an ancient knowledge system, and its mathematical model can be traced back to the Pythagorean law of ancient Greece, gradually perfected by musicians of all ages. The chord geometry can be observed in chord painting: open string, closed string, Membrane string, which is predicted by string theory. Meridian (Oriental Ancient Medicine) observes the positive-negative (yin-yang) coding rules of chord language: they form the basis for observation and verification of chord language.

scholarly journals Extracting bigravity from string theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Lüst ◽  
Chrysoula Markou ◽  
Pouria Mazloumi ◽  
Stephan Stieberger
Keyword(s):  
Scattering Amplitudes ◽  
String Theory ◽  
Open String ◽  
Closed String ◽  
Bimetric Theory ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Massive Spin ◽  
Numerical Coefficient

Abstract The origin of the graviton from string theory is well understood: it corresponds to a massless state in closed string spectra, whose low-energy effective action, as extracted from string scattering amplitudes, is that of Einstein-Hilbert. In this work, we explore the possibility of such a string-theoretic emergence of ghost-free bimetric theory, a recently proposed theory that involves two dynamical metrics, that around particular backgrounds propagates the graviton and a massive spin-2 field, which has been argued to be a viable dark matter candidate. By choosing to identify the latter with a massive spin-2 state of open string spectra, we compute tree-level three-point string scattering amplitudes that describe interactions of the massive spin-2 with itself and with the graviton. With the mass of the external legs depending on the string scale, we discover that extracting the corresponding low-energy effective actions in four spacetime dimensions is a subtle but consistent process and proceed to appropriately compare them with bimetric theory. Our findings consist in establishing that string and bimetric theory provide to lowest order the same set of two-derivative terms describing the interactions of the massive spin-2 with itself and with the graviton, albeit up to numerical coefficient discrepancies, a fact that we analyze and interpret. We conclude with a mention of future investigations.

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