Prevalence and risk factors of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) abuse among adolescents and young adults in Poland

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Rachoń ◽  
Leszek Pokrywka ◽  
Krystyna Suchecka-Rachoń
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Androgenic Steroids

How Fair Is the Drug Test?

2005 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 536-543
Author(s):  
Irina E. Lyublinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Drug Test ◽  
Androgenic Steroids

The non–medical use of anabolic/androgenic steroids among adolescents and young adults is of growing concern. As many as half a million Americans under age 18 may be abusing these drugs to improve athletic performance, appearance and self–image.

scholarly journals The natural course of DSM-IV somatoform disorders and syndromes among adolescents and young adults: a prospective-longitudinal community study

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 321-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roselind Lieb ◽  
Petra Zimmermann ◽  
Robert H Friis ◽  
Michael Höfler ◽  
Sven Tholen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Natural Course ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Over Time

SummaryObjective.Although somatoform disorders are assumed to be chronic clinical conditions, epidemiological knowledge on their natural course based on representative samples is not available.Method.Data come from a prospective epidemiologic study of adolescents and young adults in Munich, Germany. Respondents’ diagnoses (N = 2548) at baseline and follow-up on average 42 months later are considered. The follow-up incidence, stability as well as selected baseline risk factors (sociodemographics, psychopathology, trauma exposure) for the incidence and stability of somatoform disorders and syndromes are prospectively examined. Diagnostic information was assessed by using the standardized Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview (M-CIDI).Results.Over the follow-up period, incidence rate for any of the covered somatoform diagnoses was 25.7%. Stability for the overall group of any somatoform disorder/syndrome was 48%. Female gender, lower social class, the experience of any substance use, anxiety and affective disorder as well as the experience of traumatic sexual and physical threat events predicted new onsets of somatoform conditions, while stability was predicted by being female, prior existing substance use, affective and eating disorders as well as the experience of a serious accident.Conclusions.At least for a substantial proportion of individuals, the overall picture of somatization seems to be relatively stable, but with fluctuation in the symptom picture over time. Being female, the experience of substance use as well as anxiety disorder seem to constitute risk factors for the onset of new somatoform conditions as well as for a stable course over time.

Effects of Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Noise Exposure on Tinnitus Occurrence in College Students and Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel Elise Money ◽  
Ishara Ramkissoon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
College Students ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Shs Exposure

Background: Recent research indicated that young adults and adolescents reported tinnitus in highernumbers than previously. Thus, it is important to fully investigate risk factors for tinnitus in adolescentsand young adults.<br />Purpose: The current study examined the influence of two environmental risk factors, secondhandsmoke (SHS) exposure and noise exposure on tinnitus occurrence as self-reported by U.S. adolescentsand young adults.<br />Research Design: A nonexperimental, cross-sectional design was used for this survey study.<br />Study Sample: Of 265 surveys received, 43 were excluded due to ineligibility. The remaining 222 surveysconstituted the study sample. Participant respondents included 80 high school students (ages14–17) and 142 college students (ages 18–30). The sample was primarily female (n = 160).<br />Data Collection and Analysis: Three (3) yes/no survey questions regarding SHS exposure, noise exposure,and tinnitus occurrence were analyzed. Statistical analyses included logistic regression, chisquarefollow-up tests, and Pearson bivariate correlation analysis.<br />Results: Results revealed that 40 percent of young adults and adolescents surveyed reported that they experiencedtinnitus. Regression analysis revealed significant main effects for noise (p = 0.004), gender (p =0.017), and the interaction of SHS and noise (p = 0.001). There was no main effect of SHS exposurenor age on tinnitus occurrence. Follow-up chi-square analysis conducted to probe the gender effectrevealed that females (45.1 percent) were more likely to experience tinnitus than males (27.7 percent). Chi-squaretesting to examine the significant interaction effect revealed statistical significance (p = 0.001) for individualswith reported noise exposure but not for individuals without noise exposure. In the noise-exposedgroup, individuals who also reported SHS exposure had a lower occurrence of tinnitus (23.6 percent). In contrast,the noise-exposed individuals without SHS exposure had a higher prevalence of tinnitus (57.9 percent).An additional chi-square follow-up analysis to examine the main effect of noise revealed no significance(p = 0.199). However, there was a significant (p < 0.01) negative correlation (r = –0.244) of noise exposurewith age.<br />Conclusion: The current study results suggest there is a higher than expected report of tinnitus incidencein adolescents and young adults. The relationship between tinnitus occurrence and a combinedexposure to noise and secondhand smoke revealed a unique effect in adolescents and young adults.<br />

scholarly journals Association Between Legal Performance-Enhancing Substances and Use of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids in Young Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 (10) ◽  
pp. 992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason M. Nagata ◽  
Kyle T. Ganson ◽  
Sasha Gorrell ◽  
Deborah Mitchison ◽  
Stuart B. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Performance Enhancing Substances ◽  
Performance Enhancing

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Delayed Elimination of Methotrexate in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults With Osteosarcoma

In Vivo ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 3459-3465
Author(s):  
KO MISAKA ◽  
YUKIO SUGA ◽  
YUKIKO STAUB ◽  
ATSUMI TSUBATA ◽  
TSUTOMU SHIMADA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults

scholarly journals The Optimal Age for Screening Adolescents and Young Adults Without Identified Risk Factors for HIV

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne M. Neilan ◽  
Richard Dunville ◽  
M. Cheryl Bañez Ocfemia ◽  
Joshua A. Salomon ◽  
Jordan A. Francke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults
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