Sperm bundle and reproductive organs of carabid beetles tribe Pterostichini (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 384-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kôji Sasakawa
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Sperm Bundle

scholarly journals Significance of peristaltic squeezing of sperm bundles in the silkworm, Bombyx mori: elimination of irregular eupyrene sperm nuclei of the triploid

Zygote ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoko Kawamura ◽  
Naoko Yamashiki ◽  
Hiroshi Saitoh ◽  
Ken Sahara
Keyword(s):  
Basal Body ◽  
Meiotic Division ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Sperm Bundle ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cyst Cells ◽  
Apyrene Sperm ◽  
Eupyrene Sperm ◽  
Sperm Nuclei

Silkworm (Lepidoptera) males produce dimorphic sperm: nucleate eupyrene sperm and anucleate apyrene sperm. The eupyrene sperm are ordinary sperm to fertilise the eggs, while the function of apyrene sperm remains uncertain. After meiosis, 256 sperm cells are enclosed by a layer of cyst cells, forming a sperm bundle. We have previously documented that the nucleus of eupyrene sperm anchors to the head cyst cell, which locates at the anterior apex of the bundle, by an acrosome tubule-basal body assembly. Neither the basal body attachment to the nucleus nor the acrosome is seen in apyrene sperm, and the nuclei remain in the middle region of the bundle. Peristaltic squeezing starts from the anterior of the bundles in both types of sperm, and cytoplasmic debris of the eupyrene sperm, and both the nuclei and debris of apyrene sperm, are eliminated at the final stage of spermatogenesis. Since the irregularity of meiotic division in apyrene sperm is known, we used triploid silkworm males that show irregular meiotic division even in eupyrene spermatocytes and are highly sterile. The irregular nuclei of the triploid are discarded by the peristaltic squeezing just as those of the apyrene sperm. Transmission electron microscopic observations disclose the abnormality in the acrosome tubule and in the connection to the basal body. The peristaltic squeezing of sperm bundles in the silkworm appears to be the final control mechanism to eliminate irregular nuclei before they enter female reproductive organs.

Sperm Transfer and Utilization by the Arrhenotokous Wasp Dahlbominus fuscipennis (Zett.) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 647-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wilkes
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Sperm Storage ◽  
Sperm Transfer ◽  
Storage Organ ◽  
Sperm Bundle ◽  
Pass Through

Abstract>The internal reproductive organs of both sexes are described with regard to their functions during mating and the transfer, storage and use of sperm during oviposition. Although generally hymenopteran in structure they differ in some details from species previously described. The sperm storage organ and glands in the oviducts are more precisely defined and an account given of a structure which regulates the number of sperm entering the sperm bundle prior to its transfer to the female.During copulation thread-like sperm with helical heads are deposited in bundles of 300 in a funnel-like extension of the oviducts produced by a single contraction of the ovaries. Sperm move along the duct to the sperm capsule largely by their own motility. Sperm remain active in the capsule with their heads toward the opening where they are prevented from escaping by a U-shaped loop in the duct. The loop straightens when ova pass through the oviducts, allowing sperm to descend one at a time. Although the precise mechanism by which the storage organ releases sperm is not fully understood, it is unlikely that discontinuity in the release of sperm is the regulating mechanism involved in the production of haploid males in this species.

Ultrastructural aspects of gymnosperms reproductive organs tissues due to their functional condition

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-441
Author(s):  
G. M. Kozubov
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Complicated Structure ◽  
Tetrad Stage ◽  
Ubisch Bodies ◽  
Similar Organization ◽  
Female Reproductive Organs ◽  
High Metabolic Activity

The ultrastructure of reproductive organs of pine, spruce, larch and ginkgo was investigated. It was found that the male reproductive organs possess similar organization. The most considerable change in the ultrastructure of the microsporocytes occur in meiosis. Sporoderm is being laid at the late tetrad stage. The cells of the male gameto-phyte are distinguished according to the metabolic activity of the or- ganells. They are most weakly developed in the spermiogenic cell. Ta-petum of the gymnosperms is of the periplasmodic - secretorial type. The Ubisch bodies which possess similar structure in the types investigated but are specific in details in different species are produced in tapetum.Parietal and subepidermal layers are distinguished for their high metabolic activity and are capable of the autonomous photosynthesis. Female reproductive organs differ more greatly in their struture and have the most complicated structure in primitive groups. On the first stages of their formation the inner cells of nucellus are transformed into the nucellar tapetum in which the structures similar to the Ubisch bodies taking part in the formation of the sporoderm of female gametophyte have been found.

Pelvic Impairments

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-10
Author(s):  
James Talmage ◽  
Jay Blaisdell
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Ring ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Pelvic Fractures ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Impact Event ◽  
Concomitant Injuries ◽  
Rating Process ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
A Minor

Abstract Pelvic fractures are relatively uncommon, and in workers’ compensation most pelvic fractures are the result of an acute, high-impact event such as a fall from a roof or an automobile collision. A person with osteoporosis may sustain a pelvic fracture from a lower-impact injury such as a minor fall. Further, major parts of the bladder, bowel, reproductive organs, nerves, and blood vessels pass through the pelvic ring, and traumatic pelvic fractures that result from a high-impact event often coincide with damaged organs, significant bleeding, and sensory and motor dysfunction. Following are the steps in the rating process: 1) assign the diagnosis and impairment class for the pelvis; 2) assign the functional history, physical examination, and clinical studies grade modifiers; and 3) apply the net adjustment formula. Because pelvic fractures are so uncommon, raters may be less familiar with the rating process for these types of injuries. The diagnosis-based methodology for rating pelvic fractures is consistent with the process used to rate other musculoskeletal impairments. Evaluators must base the rating on reliable data when the patient is at maximum medical impairment and must assess possible impairment from concomitant injuries.

PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF THE PINEAL GLAND IN ANDROGEN-STERILIZED FEMALE RATS

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russel J. Reiter
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
Light Deprivation ◽  
Vaginal Smears ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Androgen Treatment ◽  
Postnatal Treatment ◽  
Cervical Ganglia

ABSTRACT The influence of early androgen treatment, light deprivation (by blinding), pinealectomy and superior cervical ganglionectomy on the reproductive system of female rats was tested. Early postnatal treatment of rats with testosterone propionate caused adult rats to exhibit the characteristic signs of androgen sterilization; these included polyfollicular ovaries, normal-sized uteri and persistent vaginal cornification. If early androgentreated rats also were blinded the ovaries were smaller in size and contained fewer follicles, the uteri were greatly reduced in size and the incidence of vaginal oestrus was decreased by approximately 50% If in addition to blinding, androgen-sterilized animals were subjected to either removal of the pineal gland or superior cervical ganglia, the reproductive organs and the vaginal smears were indistinguishable from those of testosterone-treated rats with eyes. These data indicate that the inhibitory influence of blinding on the pituitary-ovarian axis was mediated through the sympathetic nervous system and the pineal gland. The restraining influence of light deprivation on the growth of the reproductive organs was not permanent as illustrated by the fact that if these animals were kept to 120 days of age the ovaries and uteri grew to the same level as those of pinealectomized control rats.

Intrauterine development, functions and diseases of male reproductive organs

2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (39) ◽  
pp. 1573-1579
Author(s):  
Ákos Jakobovits ◽  
Antal Jakobovits
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Intrauterine Development ◽  
Male Reproductive Organs

A szerzők a központi idegrendszer, a tesztoszteron és származékainak szerepét tárgyalják a férfi nemi szervek méhen belüli fejlődésében. A férfi személyiségét meghatározó jellegzetességek először az emberi fejlődés magzati stádiumában jelentkeznek. Ezek kialakulása a gyermekkorban folytatódik. Pubertás után ezek növekvő mértékben válnak nyilvánvalóvá, és az egyén élete folyamán túlsúlyban maradnak. Az említett folyamatok mind a férfias fenotípust, mind a férfias magatartást befolyásolják. A tesztoszteron és származékai kontrollálják a férfi nemi szervek fejlődését. Hiányuk a női nemi jellegzetességek túlsúlyához vezet, a férfi nemi kromoszómakép ellenére. E jelenségek típusos példája a testicularis feminisatio klinikai képe. Jelen tanulmány különleges figyelmet szentel a reprodukciós szervek azon rendellenességeinek, amelyek a magzatokban ultrahanggal azonosíthatók. Ezen anomáliák legtöbbje antenatalisan hatásosan nem kezelhető. Azok a rendellenességek, amelyek a méhen kívüli életben sem gyógyíthatók, a terhességmegszakítás javallatát képezhetik, amennyiben ultrahangvizsgálattal a kora terhességben kimutathatók. Orv. Hetil., 2010, 39, 1573–1579.

Features hormonal hemostasis in patients with benign hyper-plastic processes of breasts

2016 ◽  
pp. 72-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Makarenko ◽  
◽  
D. Govsieiev ◽  
O. Gromova ◽  
L. Martynova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Morphological Investigation ◽  
Fibrocystic Disease ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pelvic Organs ◽  
Hormone Research ◽  
Gynecological Diseases

The objective: to study the incidence of gynecological diseases, clinical and hormonal parameters of the menstrual cycle in patients with benign hyper-plastic processes of breasts. Patients and methods. 65 women with various forms of mastitis were investigated. The following investigations were conducted: mammologistic and gynecological investigation, mommologistic X-ray investigation, ultrasound of breasts and of the pelvic organs, endometrial aspiration biopsy that was followed by cytology; when it was necessary the diagnostic laparoscopy, colposcopy, hysteroscope with curettage and morphological investigation of the endometrium, hormone research and rectal temperature measurements were conducted. Results. The frequency of the benign breast diseases was set: fibrocystic disease of breast – 32 women (49.2±6.20%), fibrous of breast – 16 women (24.6±5.34%), nodular of breasts – 8 women (12.3±4.07%), fibroadenoma – 6 women (9.2±3.59%), nodular disease of breasts on the background of fibroid changes – 3 women (4.6±2.60%). All in all, 96.9±2.14% of the patients had any gynecological diseases. Thus, the average age of the ‘debut’ of mastitis was 31.4±1.09 years; the hyper-plastic processes in the uterus was 35.2±1.17 years. Anovulation was detected in 17 (47.2±8.3%) patients, the lack of the luteal phase (NLF) was detected in 11 (30.6±7.6) patients. Conclusions. Identified hormonal changes are typical for patients with the hyper-plastic processes of the reproductive organs with different localization (breasts, uterus, ovaries). Due to the commonality of the hormone changes in most cases mastitis is combined with the various gynecological diseases (96.9±2.14%). Key words: gynecological pathology, hormonal changes, breast, factors of risk.

Morphological features of endo- and myometrium in patients with uterine leiomyoma and infertility

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
M.A. Flaksenberg ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Leiomyoma ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Simple Type ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Blastocyst Implantation

The objective: determination of morphofunctional features of leiomatous nodes and endometrium in women with uterine leiomyoma and infertility to restore reproductive function and prevent recurrence of the underlying disease. Materials and methods. In order to restore reproductive function and prevent recurrence of the underlying disease, morphofunctional features of leiomatous nodes and endometrium in women with uterine leiomyoma and infertility were determined. Thirty samples of leiomyomatous nodes and endometrium were examined, among which 15 were obtained from women with multiple uterine leiomyoma and infertility and 15 samples from women with uterine leiomyoma with isolated uterine leiomyoma. During the study, a general-histological method was used for staining with hematoxylin-eosin and picrofuxin by van Gizon, as well as immunohistochemical methods. Histological examination of the endometrium was performed according to conventional protocol, taking into account the day of the menstrual cycle and R.W. Noyes criteria. Results. In the morphological examination of leiomyomatous nodes in the vast majority of cases the presence of uterine leiomyomas of simple and cell types or their combination was established. In women with multiple uterine leiomyoma, simple-type leiomyoma (53.3%) was predominant, and in patients with isolated leiomyoma the signs of cellular uterine leiomyoma (66.7%) were more frequently found. In 80.0% of women with uterine leiomyoma revealed pathology of the endometrium, such as glandular and glandular-fibrous polyps, simple and complex atypical endometrial hyperplasia, which confirms the theory about the only pathogenetic mechanisms of the emergence of hyperplastic processes of female organs. In 66.7% of women with multiple leiomyomas, signs of chronic endometritis have been found, which exacerbates the pathological process and can have a negative impact on the reproductive function, such as secretory endometrial transformation and impaired blastocyst implantation, and explains a much higher percentage of infertility in the group. Conclusion. In women with impaired reproductive function, patients with uterine leiomyoma, it is necessary to conduct a study of the receptivity of the reproductive organs, namely - the endometrium and leiomatous nodes. This will make it possible to use one or another method of treatment in order to restore reproductive function and prevent recurrence of the underlying disease. Keywords: infertility, uterine leiomyoma, endometrium, receptive apparatus.

Reproductive Organ Education for Psychic Health Development of Early Age

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Darwati
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
The Body ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Stage Of Development

Reproductive  health education should be given since early childhood by using language that is adapted to the stage of development. If you procrastinate and wait until the teenager it is already too late because in the days of the digital era, as now, all the information can be easily accessed by anyone including children early age. If the early childhood misinformed about their reproductive organs it would disrupt the physical and psychological development due to the wrong behavior in caring for and maintaining reproductive organs. Qur’an as the holy book of Muslims describes the steps of reproduction and  imparting education wisely as well as how to apply such education. This kind of education must be in accordance with the conditions of children and there should not be a lie about it We can also use media and methods such as pictures, songs, tap or other visual  media which can give clearer information, so that children can clearly see parts of the body, their characteristics, and how to treat and care them. The impropriate approach in conveying this kind of knowledge will be very dangerous for children. The provision of early age reproductive organs education can prevent the occurrence of deviant behavior as well as protect children from dangerous influence in early childhood development.

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