Difficulties in the Diagnosis of Giant Abdominopelvic Masses in Women

Massive abdominopelvic masses usually arise from the female reproductive organs. However, these masses may also arise from the gastrointestinal system, urinary system, adjacent soft tissues, peritoneum, retroperitoneum or be metastatic. Differential diagnosis is very important in these huge masses and imaging techniques are usually the best method of assessing, but in some cases, they cannot provide conclusive results and a definitive diagnosis is only achieved after surgical resection.We present three cases of giant abdominopelvic tumors with different etiologies and outcomes. We intend to highlight the importance of early detection, preoperative evaluation, and subsequent surgical management with a multidisciplinary approach to decrease pre and postoperative complications and to improve the quality of live.

New data on the valvatiform-shelled Hydrobiidae (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea) from southern Greece

The minute valvatiform-shelled Hydrobiidae are less studied than other hydrobiid gastropods. In this paper, new data on these snails are presented, which have been collected at twelve springs in southern Greece: one in Boeotia, one on Evvoia Island, and ten on the Peloponnese Peninsula. Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and nuclear histone (H3) have been used to confirm the determinations and infer the relationships of the studied gastropods. They represent the genera Daphniola, Graecoarganiella and Isimerope. New localities, expanding the known geographic ranges, have been presented for Daphniola hadei and Daphniola louisi. A species of Daphniola found at two localities has been identified as a species new to science, and its description, including the shell, penis, and female reproductive organs is given. Possible relationships between Graecoarganiella and Isimerope are discussed; their representatives are possibly new species. At one locality a single specimen likely represents a new genus: it was found to be most closely related with Islamia, but genetically (p-distance) too distant to be congeneric with Islamia.

Gynaecological oncology

This chapter concerns cancers that affect the female reproductive organs, including the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina, and vulva. For each type of cancer the chapter covers the epidemiology, incidence, associated risk factors, presenting complaints, methods of diagnosis, grades and staging, and treatment. Where possible, monitoring procedures for prevention are explained. The chapter also includes an overview of radiotherapy, including dose and duration and treatment planning. Indications for chemotherapy for specific cancers are also covered.

Female reproductive organs procurement v1

Description of procurement of non-pregnant female reproductive tract from deceased donor for HuBMAP.

Superoxide Dismutase Expression in the Ovaries of Periodontitis Animal Models Induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treated with Cassava Leaves Extract

The ovaries represent the female reproductive organs that determine the women's fertility status and their systemic and oral health, correlating to sex steroid hormone alteration. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cassava leaves extract treatment to SOD expression in the animal model-ovaries after Porphyromonas gingivalis injection. 15 female Sprague Dawley rats were used and divided into five groups: (1) control without cassava leaves extract treatment (C); (2) P. gingivalis without cassava leaves extract treatment (T1); (3) P. gingivalis and cassava leaves extract (T2); (4) P. gingivalis and vitamin C (T3); and (5) P. gingivalis and metronidazole (T4). Animal were euthanised at day seven after the initial treatment to collect ovaries. The ovaries sections were immunohistochemically stained to quantify SOD expression using light microscope while the Image J software was used to quantify the SOD expression. The results showed that all of the follicle types had the same intensity of SOD expression. Most of the follicles exhibited low intensity of SOD expression, except for atretic follicles. In conclusion, P. gingivalis and cassava leaves extract influenced SOD expression in the ovaries of animal models, which increased the SOD expression.

Crenobiont, stygophile and stygobiont molluscs in the hydrographic area of the Trebišnjica River Basin

In the paper the crenobiont, stygophile and stygobiont malacofauna of the karst area of Popovo Polje around Trebinje (Eastern Herzegovina, BiH) is presented. The materials were collected from springs, caves and interstitial habitats (with a Bou-Rouch pump) at 23 localities. The following species were found: Pisidium cf. personatum A.W. Malm, 1855, Theodoxus callosus (Deshayes, 1833), Sadleriana fluminensis (Küster, 1852), Radomaniola curta (Küster, 1852), Radomaniola cf. bosniaca (Radoman, 1973), Kerkia briani Rysiewska & Osikowski, 2020, Montenegrospeum bogici (Pešić & Glöer, 2012), Litthabitella chilodia (Westerlund, 1886), Travunijana vruljakensis Grego & Glöer, 2019, a new genus and species of the Sadlerianinae, Emmericia ventricosa Brusina, 1870, Iglica cf. absoloni (A.J. Wagner, 1914), Plagigeyeria tribunicae Schütt, 1963, Paladilhiopsis arion Rysiewska & Osikowski, 2021, Valvata montenegrina Glöer & Pešić, 2008, Radix labiata (Rossmässler, 1835), Galba truncatula (O. F. Müller, 1774), Ancylus recurvus Martens, 1783, Ancylus sp. and the amphibiotic Succinea cf. putris (Linnaeus, 1758). The redescription of the genus Travunijana Grego & Glöer, 2019, applying the characteristics of shell, female reproductive organs and penis, is also presented. The new genus and species are described, based on the shell, penis, radula and fragmentary data on the female reproductive organs. For all species, the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) is applied to confirm the determination; in the case of Travunijana and the new genus, the nuclear histone H3 locus is also used, in order to infer both their distinctiveness and phylogenetic relationships.

RISK OF THROMBOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH GYNECOLOGICAL CANCERS OF VARYING EXTENT

The tumour process in the female reproductive organs is known as a trigger for the development of thromboembolic complications. Tumour growth, surgery, anticancer therapy, venous catheters and physical inactivity contribute to the risk of thrombosis. There are numerous instances when even under adequate thromboembolism prevention patient may develop deep vein thrombosis resulting in further thrombi migration throughout the body. Such migration can lead to lethal outcome and, unfortunately, nullifies all treatment measures carried out as well as results in significant economic losses. Viewing the problem in a whole requires constant monitoring of blood parameters in dynamics with the interpretation and evaluation of the findings obtained. The purpose of this study is to compare blood parameters of gynaecological patients with a tumour process in the reproductive organs, who are undergoing treatment, have already undergone surgery or have sought medical assistance for the first time. The study included 43 women, who were divided into groups: the control group involved 14 patients; 17 women with cervical cancer; 8 women with the uterine body cancer; 4 women with ovarian cancer. In all groups, except for the control group, the investigations were carried out before the beginning of treatment, during and after the treatment. The comparison of the blood indicators in the women during the treatment and in post-operative period following the tumour removal demonstrated insignificant changes in the indices of coagulation system, even when taking into account the measures to prevent thrombogenesis. After the counting, the indices confirmed their statistical significance. All women, except those in the control group, demonstrated an increase in the level of all blood parameters, which are responsible for the formation of blood clots and indicate hypercoagulation. We noticed that the risk of blood clots in the female patients with tumours of the reproductive organs remained high, regardless of the localization of the process and the methods of treatment. It is not known exactly to what extent blood count findings would have changed without prescribing thromboembolism prevention course for gynaecological cancerous patients. This study has shown the risk of thrombus formation in gynaecological oncology always remains high. The activation of the blood coagulation system occurs in all patients with cancerous diseases of the female reproductive organs of different localization. Surgical intervention or the anticancer therapy stimulates the blood coagulation function, and preventive treatment with pharmacological and mechanical methods does not make it possible to control these indicators in the first days after the operation. The patients with tumours of the female reproductive organs should be included in the group of patients with a high risk of thromboembolic complications.