scholarly journals The effects of age at the onset of drinking to intoxication and chronic ethanol self-administration in male rhesus macaques

2014 ◽  
Vol 231 (8) ◽  
pp. 1853-1861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa M. Helms ◽  
Andrew Rau ◽  
Jessica Shaw ◽  
Cara Stull ◽  
Steven W. Gonzales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Chronic Ethanol ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Male Rhesus

scholarly journals Erratum to: Adrenal steroid hormones and ethanol self-administration in male rhesus macaques

2014 ◽  
Vol 231 (21) ◽  
pp. 4253-4253
Author(s):  
Christa M. Helms ◽  
Byung Park ◽  
Kathleen A. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Adrenal Steroid ◽  
Male Rhesus

scholarly journals Adrenal steroid hormones and ethanol self-administration in male rhesus macaques

2014 ◽  
Vol 231 (17) ◽  
pp. 3425-3436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa M. Helms ◽  
Byung Park ◽  
Kathleen A. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Adrenal Steroid ◽  
Male Rhesus

scholarly journals Signaling in multiple modalities in male rhesus macaques: sex skin coloration and barks in relation to androgen levels, social status, and mating behavior

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 1457-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Higham ◽  
Dana Pfefferle ◽  
Michael Heistermann ◽  
Dario Maestripieri ◽  
Martin Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Multiple Modalities ◽  
Sex Skin ◽  
Skin Coloration ◽  
Male Rhesus ◽  
Androgen Levels

scholarly journals The Effect of 12 Hz Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Visual Memory of Male Macaque Monkeys

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoomeh Kazemi ◽  
◽  
Hamed Aliyari ◽  
Elaheh Tekieh ◽  
Hassan Tavacoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Behavioral Tests ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Male Rhesus

Introduction: Today, humans leave in a world surrounded by electromagnetic fields. Numerous studies have been carried out to discover the biological, physiological, and behavioral effects of electromagnetic fields on humans and animals. Given the biological similarities between monkeys and humans, the goal of the present research was to examine Visual Memory (VM), hormonal, genomic, and anatomic changes, and changes of the amygdala function in the male rhesus macaques who exposed to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF/MF). Materials and methods: Four male Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta) were used. For the behavioral tests the animals were needed to be fasting for 17 hours, and for the behavioral tests such as visual memory, cooperation of the animal was necessary. Using the radiation protocol, two of the monkeys were exposed to 12-Hz electromagnetic fields with a magnitude of 0.7 microtesla (electromagnetic radiation) four hours a day for a month. Before and after the exposure, a visual memory test was conducted using a coated device (visible reward) on a movable stand. Ten mL of blood was obtained from the femoral artery of the monkeys and half of it was used to examine cortisol serum levels using MyBioSource kits (made in the USA). The other half of blood samples were used to extract lymphocytes for assaying expressions of Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) genes before and after radiation using the PCR method. Anatomic studies of the amygdala were carried out based on pre- and post-radiation Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Findings: Research results indicated that visual memory in male primates increased significantly at the 12Hz frequency. Hormonal analysis at the 12Hz frequency showed a decrease in cortisol serum levels. However, visual memory and serum cortisol levels did not change considerably in male primates in the control group. There was no considerable amygdala volumetric difference at the 12 Hz frequency. The expression of the GR genes decreased at 12Hz compared to the control group. Conclusion: In short, these results indicated that ELF may have a beneficial value for memory enhancement as indicated by the fact that exposure to the 12 HZ ELF can enhance visual memory. This may be due to a decrease in plasma cortisol, and/or expression of GR genes. Moreover, direct involvement of the amygdala in this regard cannot be recommended.

The effect of biologically active supplements on blood hematological parameters of male rhesus macaques

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.В. Гапонов ◽  
Г.Л. Яговенко ◽  
А.Н. Степанова
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Blood Morphology ◽  
Platelet Concentration ◽  
Deuterium Depleted Water ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Male Rhesus

Как показали многочисленные исследования, морфологический состав крови зависит от многих факторов, в частности таких, как условия кормления и содержания, возраст подопытных объектов. Однако отсутствуют данные о влиянии биологически активных добавок, таких как хлорелла, «Бактистатин», вода со сниженной концентрацией дейтерия, на гематологические показатели. Приматы обладают высоким анатомо-физиологическим сходством с человеком, поэтому являются незаменимой моделью для воспроизведения различных патологических и токсических состояний человека. Приматы вида макака-резус (Macaca mulatta) являются наиболее удобными и востребованными в работе, широко используются в медико-биологических исследованиях. Для корректной оценки воздействия биологически активных добавок (БАД) на организмы приматов необходимы достоверные сведения о функционировании их кроветворной системы. По результатам нашего исследования в начале опыта количество эритроцитов в крови самцов макак-резусов во всех исследуемых группах было незначительно увеличено относительно физиологической нормы (5–6,2 млн в 1 мм3). Эта закономерность может быть связана со значительным увеличением температуры окружающей среды к моменту начала постановки опыта и не связано с влиянием БАД. Подобная закономерность наблюдалась и по остальным показателям. Так, уровень тромбоцитов в начале эксперимента находился в пределах референтных показателей — от 200 до 400 млрд/л, за исключением самцов 2-й опытной группы. В этой группе наблюдалось незначительное увеличение тромбоцитов — на 17,60 млрд/л, или на 4,40% от максимально допустимых значений референтных показателей. Результаты анализов крови в конце эксперимента показали, что у всех самцов макак-резусов в опытных группах в результате применения БАД количество тромбоцитов приблизилось к физиологической норме. На основании чего можно сделать вывод, что применение суспензии хлореллы, сухой хлореллы, «Бактистатина» и воды с пониженным содержанием дейтерия не приводило к критическому отклонению морфологических показателей крови, что, в свою очередь, даёт возможность применять БАД в рационах кормления обезьян. Blood morphology depends on many factors, particularly feeding, welfare and age of animals. The influence of biologically active supplements (BAS) such as chlorella, “Baktistatin”, and deuterium-depleted water on blood hematological parameters remains open to question. Primates are quite similar to humans in anatomy and physiology and hence are perfect model organisms when testing various pathological and toxic processes. Macaca mulatta is commonly used in research. To analyze the effect of BAS on primate organism the blood test is required. In the beginning of the experiment the concentration of red blood cells (RBC) exceeded slightly physiologically normal state in all the groups (5–6.2 million/mm3). This could possibly be a result of hot conditions. Same was true for other parameters. Platelet concentration was normal and varied within 200–400 billion/l in the beginning, except for the males of the second group. The second group showed insignificant increase in platelet concentration — by 17.60 billion/l, or 4.40%. Feeding male rhesus macaques with BAS optimized platelet concentration. Chlorella suspension, dry chlorella, “Baktistatin”, and deuterium-depleted water had no critical influence on blood morphology and, therefore, could be used in primate diet.

scholarly journals Short-Term Caloric Restriction Attenuates Obesity-Induced Pro-inflammatory Response in Male Rhesus Macaques

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hollis Wright ◽  
Mithila Handu ◽  
Allen Jankeel ◽  
Ilhem Messaoudi ◽  
Oleg Varlamov
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
De Novo Lipogenesis ◽  
Transcriptional Analysis ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adipocyte Hypertrophy ◽  
Male Rhesus

White adipose tissue (WAT) hypertrophy is an essential hallmark of obesity and is associated with the activation of resident immune cells. While the benefits of caloric restriction (CR) on health span are generally accepted, its effects on WAT physiology are not well understood. We previously demonstrated that short-term CR reverses obesity in male rhesus macaques exposed to a high-fat Western-style diet (WSD). Here, we analyzed subcutaneous WAT biopsies collected from this cohort of animals before and after WSD and following CR. This analysis showed that WSD induced adipocyte hypertrophy and inhibited β-adrenergic-simulated lipolysis. CR reversed adipocyte hypertrophy, but WAT remained insensitive to β-adrenergic agonist stimulation. Whole-genome transcriptional analysis revealed that β3-adrenergic receptor and de novo lipogenesis genes were downregulated by WSD and remained downregulated after CR. In contrast, WSD-induced pro-inflammatory gene expression was effectively reversed by CR. Furthermore, peripheral blood monocytes isolated during the CR period exhibited a significant reduction in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to those obtained after WSD. Collectively, this study demonstrates that short-term CR eliminates an obesity-induced pro-inflammatory response in WAT and peripheral monocytes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document