scholarly journals Influence of variety and weather conditions on fatty acid composition of winter and spring Camelina sativa varieties in Poland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danuta Kurasiak-Popowska ◽  
Małgorzata Graczyk ◽  
Anna Przybylska-Balcerek ◽  
Kinga Stuper-Szablewska
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Functional Forms

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the influence of weather conditions over the course of 4 years (2016–2019) on the fatty acid profile of Camelina sativa. It was assumed that varieties and functional forms of plants (spring and winter genotypes) were characterized by a different fatty acid composition and that weather conditions affected the profile of fatty acids in camelina seeds. Statistical analyses were performed based on the results of chemical tests. Differences were found in the mean concentrations of C18:3n3, C18:3n6, C20:2 and C22:1 acids in all genotypes based on the Kruskal test. Two winter genotypes (Maczuga and 15/2/3) and the spring genotype UP2017/02 had the significantly highest content of C18:3n6. Genotypes CSS-CAM31, CSS-CAM30, BRSCHW 28347, CSS-CAM36 and Kirgzkij showed the highest content of C18:3n3. The lowest C18:3n3 content was found in winter genotypes: K9/1, 15/2/3, Przybrodzka (winter form) and C5. It was found that weather conditions deviating from the long-term average, both in terms of temperature and precipitation, did not affect the quantitative profile of fatty acids. Over the 4 years, no differences were observed in the fatty acid profile between the spring and winter forms. Observations made in this study allow to state that spring and winter forms of Camelina sativa retain a constant fatty acid composition regardless of changing weather conditions.

Temporal variation in the fatty acid composition of ovigerous females and embryos of the squat lobster Pleuroncodes monodon (Decapoda, Munididae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 1977-1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Bascur ◽  
Fabián Guzmán ◽  
Sergio Mora ◽  
Pepe Espinoza ◽  
Ángel Urzúa
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Humboldt Current ◽  
Fishery Resource ◽  
Key Species

Pleuroncodes monodon, an important fishery resource and key species in the Humboldt Current Large Marine ecosystem, has a prolonged reproductive period from winter until end of summer, and during this time females incubating their embryos are exposed to seasonal variation in food availability and in temperature. Additionally, in order to ensure successful reproduction and survival of embryos, changes occur in the main internal reserves and/or sources of energy of P. monodon. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of seasonal variation (winter vs summer) in the lipid content and fatty acid composition of ovigerous females and their embryos. The results show that a higher percentage of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids are found in females in winter. Similarly, the composition of fatty acids in embryos found here indicates that winter embryos have more saturated fatty acids and essential fatty acids (C18:2n6cis, C18:3n6 and C22:6n3) than do summer embryos. According to PCA analysis of fatty acid profile, samples from summer may be distinguished into two isolated groups with conspicuous variations in fatty acids profile of embryo and hepatopancreas. While in winter, the opposite pattern occurs in the fatty acid profile of embryo and hepatopancreas. These variations may be related to relevant physiological processes (reproduction and growth) and of their ontogeny (development and survival of offspring). Seasonal variation in the lipid content and composition of fatty acids of P. monodon could directly impact this species’ reproduction and survival and subsequently could have consequences on the food web and fishery exploitation.

scholarly journals Membrane fatty acid composition of rat skeletal muscle is most responsive to the balance of dietary n-3 and n-6 PUFA

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 522-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah K. Abbott ◽  
Paul L. Else ◽  
A. J. Hulbert
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Muscle Membrane ◽  
Rat Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Composition

The present study quantifies the relationships between diet fatty acid profile and fatty acid composition of rat skeletal muscle phospholipids. Young adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed, for 8 weeks, on one of twelve moderate-fat diets (25 % of total energy) differing only in fatty acid profile. SFA content ranged from 8–88 % of total fatty acids, MUFA 6–65 %, total PUFA 4–81 %, n-6 PUFA 3–70 % and n-3 PUFA 1–70 %. Diet PUFA included only essential fatty acids 18 : 2n-6 and 18 : 3n-3. The balance between n-3 and n-6 PUFA (PUFA balance) in the diet ranged from 1 : 99 to 86 : 14 % n-3 PUFA:n-6 PUFA. The slope of muscle phospholipid composition plotted against diet composition quantifies the response of muscle membrane composition to dietary fat (0, no response; 1, complete conformity with diet). The resulting slopes were 0·02 (SFA), 0·10 (PUFA), 0·11 (MUFA), 0·14 (n-3 PUFA) and 0·23 (n-6 PUFA). The response to PUFA balance was biphasic with a slope of 0·98 below 10 % diet PUFA balance and 0·16 above 10 %. Thus, low diet PUFA balance has greater influence on muscle composition than 18-carbon n-3 or n-6 PUFA individually. Equations provided may allow prediction of muscle composition for other diet studies. Diet PUFA balance dramatically affects muscle 20 : 4n-6 and 22 : 6n-3. This may have significant implications for some disease states in human subjects.

Effect of long term supplementation with dietary lipids ongrowth and fatty acid composition of rabbit’s brain

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaista Arzoo ◽  
Doha Mustafa Al Nouri
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Fish Oil Diet

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of long-term supplementation with dietary lipids on growth and fatty acid composition of rabbit’s brain. Soybean oil, fish oil, sesame oil, docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid were fed to weanling rabbits for 100 days. The rabbits were decapitated and brain sample was removed, homogenized and fatty acid concentration was measured by gas chromatography. Dietary lipids had a distinct effect on growth rate only in males. Rabbits fed the fish oil diet showed the highest total w-3 fatty acids and lowest w-6/w-3 ratios. Rabbits fed the DHA diet had highest total saturated fatty acids and lowest values of total MUFA, total PUFA, total w-6, and total w-3 in females. This study shows that w-6/w-3 ratios have tremendous effect on the fatty acid composition of rabbit’s brain. Effect of treatment was not significant among different gender except for total saturated, ARA, C20:1 and C16:0. FO, DHA and DHA+ARA groups showed the w-6/w-3 ratios within the recommended range. This study shows that fatty acid composition of brain can be modulated by dietary lipids and long-term supplementation of dietary lipids especially fish oil (FO) has very good effect on the fatty acid composition of rabbit’s brain.

scholarly journals Achievement of dietary fatty acid intakes in long-term controlled intervention studies: approach and methodology

2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
MC Nydahl ◽  
RD Smith ◽  
CNM Kelly ◽  
BA Fielding ◽  
CM Williams
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Snack Foods ◽  
Diet Records ◽  
Lower Ratio

AbstractObjectives:To describe the calculations and approaches used to design experimental diets of differing saturated fatty acid (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) compositions for use in a long-term dietary intervention study, and to evaluate the degree to which the dietary targets were met.Design, setting and subjects:Fifty-one students living in a university hall of residence consumed a reference (SFA) diet for 8 weeks followed by either a moderate MUFA (MM) diet or a high MUFA (HM) diet for 16 weeks. The three diets were designed to differ only in their proportions of SFA and MUFA, while keeping total fat, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA),trans-fatty acids, and the ratio of palmitic to stearic acid, andn– 6 ton– 3 PUFA, unchanged.Results:Using habitual diet records and a standardised database for food fatty acid compositions, a sequential process of theoretical fat substitutions enabled suitable fat sources for use in the three diets to be identified, and experimental margarines for baking, spreading and the manufacture of snack foods to be designed. The dietary intervention was largely successful in achieving the fatty acid targets of the three diets, although unintended differences between the original target and the analysed fatty acid composition of the experimental margarines resulted in a lower than anticipated MUFA intake on the HM diet, and a lower ratio of palmitic to stearic acid compared with the reference or MM diet.Conclusions:This study has revealed important theoretical considerations that should be taken into account when designing diets of specific fatty acid composition, as well as practical issues of implementation.

Effect of wilting and type of additive on the fatty acid composition of grass silage

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 49-49
Author(s):  
H.E. Warren ◽  
J.K.S. Tweed ◽  
S.J. Youell ◽  
R. J. Dewhurst ◽  
J.D. Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Grass Silage

Forages, such as grass and red clover, are a rich source of n -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially α-linolenic acid (C18:3n -3), and may be used as a method of improving the nutritional value of ruminant products. Silage is an important feed for cattle, therefore, a study was carried out to elucidate the effects of wilting and the use of additives on the fatty acid profile of the resultant silage.

scholarly journals Spices in the Apiaceae Family Represent the Healthiest Fatty Acid Profile: A Systematic Comparison of 34 Widely Used Spices and Herbs

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 854
Author(s):  
Ramesh Kumar Saini ◽  
Awraris Derbie Assefa ◽  
Young-Soo Keum
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Petroselinic Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites

Spices and herbs are well-known for being rich in healthy bioactive metabolites. In recent years, interest in the fatty acid composition of different foods has greatly increased. Thus, the present study was designed to characterize the fatty acid composition of 34 widely used spices and herbs. Utilizing gas chromatography (GC) flame ionization detection (FID) and GC mass spectrometry (MS), we identified and quantified 18 fatty acids. This showed a significant variation among the studied spices and herbs. In general, oleic and linoleic acid dominate in seed spices, whereas palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and α-linolenic acids are the major constituents of herbs. Among the studied spices and herbs, the ratio of n−6/n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was recorded to be in the range of 0.36 (oregano) to 85.99 (cumin), whereas the ratio of PUFAs/saturated fatty acids (SFAs) ranged from 0.17 (nutmeg) to 4.90 (cumin). Cumin, coriander, fennel, and dill seeds represent the healthiest fatty acid profile, based upon fat quality indices such as the ratio of hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic (h/H) fatty acids, the atherogenic index (AI), and the thrombogenic index (TI). All these seed spices belong to the Apiaceae family of plants, which are an exceptionally rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) in the form of petroselinic acid (C18:1n12), with a very small amount of SFAs.

Comparison of Fatty Acid Profile in Plasma Phospholipids in Women from Granada (southern Spain) and Malmö (southern Sweden)

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Chajès ◽  
Solve Elmståhl ◽  
Carmen Martinez-Garcia ◽  
Anne Linda Van Kappel ◽  
Franca Bianchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
The South ◽  
Plasma Phospholipids

We conducted a first pilot study on healthy women living in two countries with different dietary habits, Granada in the south of Spain and Malmö in the south of Sweden, in order to compare their levels of plasma phospholipid fatty acids, and to examine the relationship between the differences in food consumption. This study is part of a pilot study which is nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, a multi-centre prospective cohort study on diet, plasma concentrations of antioxidants and fatty acids, and markers of oxidative stress. Thirty-nine women in Granada and thirty-eight women in Malmö, aged 45–50 years (all pre-menopausal) were selected among the female participants in the cohorts from these two countries. Individual measurements of the women’s habitual diet were obtained by a food frequency questionnaire. 24-hour diet recalls were used for the standardised measurement of diet at group level. Plasma phospholipid fatty acid composition was determined by capillary gas chromatography. We found a different fatty acid profile in plasma between the two populations, with higher mean levels of palmitic acid (16:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1) (n-7), oleic acid (18:1), alpha-linolenic acid (18:3) (n-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5) (n-3), and lower mean levels of stearic acid (18:0) in Malmö compared to Granada. Women in Malmö consumed more meat, alcoholic beverages and sugar, and less fish and shellfish than women in Granada. We conclude that the fatty acid composition in plasma phospholipids is different between women from the two European centres. For polyunsaturated fatty acids, differences were observed for (n-3) fatty acids. In relation to these differences, we observed that specific food intakes, particularly meat and fish, varied between the two centres.

Time course of changes in the fatty acid composition of plasma in the milk fed pre-ruminant calf supplemented with a palm/rapeseed oil mixture or fish oil

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 120-120
Author(s):  
R. O’Brian ◽  
N. Muturi ◽  
M. Birnie ◽  
M. Wallace ◽  
J. Struthers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Feeding

In pre-ruminant calves the oesophageal groove reflex allows milk to bypass the developing rumen and is a mechanism by which dietary fatty acids can be delivered directly to the small intestine. This experiment was a pilot study carried out to establish the extent and time course of the changes in plasma fatty acid composition in calves fed milk supplemented with oils of differing fatty acid composition and allowed minimal access to roughage (straw bedding). The work was carried out to provide baseline data for a longer study with calves in which rumen development will be encouraged by feeding solid food but the oesophageal groove reflex will be maintained through long term milk feeding and used as a means of delivering polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) directly to the small intestine.

scholarly journals Estimation of antimicrobial activities and fatty acid composition of actinobacteria isolated from water surface of underground lakes from Badzheyskaya and Okhotnichya caves in Siberia

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina V. Voytsekhovskaya ◽  
Denis V. Axenov-Gribanov ◽  
Svetlana A. Murzina ◽  
Svetlana N. Pekkoeva ◽  
Eugeniy S. Protasov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Promising Source

Extreme and unusual ecosystems such as isolated ancient caves are considered as potential tools for the discovery of novel natural products with biological activities. Actinobacteria that inhabit these unusual ecosystems are examined as a promising source for the development of new drugs. In this study we focused on the preliminary estimation of fatty acid composition and antibacterial properties of culturable actinobacteria isolated from water surface of underground lakes located in Badzheyskaya and Okhotnichya caves in Siberia. Here we present isolation of 17 strains of actinobacteria that belong to the Streptomyces, Nocardia and Nocardiopsis genera. Using assays for antibacterial and antifungal activities, we found that a number of strains belonging to the genus Streptomyces isolated from Badzheyskaya cave demonstrated inhibition activity against bacteria and fungi. It was shown that representatives of the genera Nocardia and Nocardiopsis isolated from Okhotnichya cave did not demonstrate any tested antibiotic properties. However, despite the lack of antimicrobial and fungicidal activity of Nocardia extracts, those strains are specific in terms of their fatty acid spectrum. When assessing fatty acid profile, we found that polyunsaturated fatty acids were quantitatively dominant in extracts of Nocardia sp. and Streptomyces sp. grown in different media. Saturated fatty acids were the second most abundant type in the fatty acid profile. It was due to palmitic acid. Also, a few monounsaturated fatty acids were detected. The obtained materials can become a basis for development of approaches to use bacteria isolated from caves as a biological sources of bioactive compounds to create medical and veterinary drugs.

scholarly journals Study of Fatty-acid Composition of Goat and Sheep Milk and Its Transformation in the Production of Yogurt

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Voblikova ◽  
Anatoly Permyakov ◽  
Antonina Rostova ◽  
Galina Masyutina ◽  
Anastasia Eliseeva
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Sheep Milk

The information on the structure of fatty acids is crucial for the production and promotion of goat and sheep milk in the manufacture of dairy products. The fatty-acid profile of milk fat can affect the nutritional value and market value of dairy products. The purpose of the research is to study the properties of fatty-acid composition of goat and sheep milk and its transformation in the process of yogurt production. The study of fatty-acid composition was performed using the method of gas chromatography. The milk of goats of Zaanen breed and sheep of North Caucasian breed, as well as yogurt produced from a mixture of goat and sheep milk in a ratio of 1:1 have become the objects of the study. It was found that goat’s milk contains 12% less saturated fatty acids than sheep’s milk. Oleic, stearic and palmitic acids are the main fatty acids found in the fat phase of milk and yogurt production. Changes in the concentration of individual fatty acids during milk processing and in the period of yogurt storage were noted. As a result of maturation and seven-day storage, the amount of saturated fatty acids in yogurt increased by 5% compared to the original milk mixture. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in yogurt decreased by 19.27 %. The highest ratio value of hypocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic fatty acids was noted in goat milk. It is proved that goat milk is characterized by the most acceptable fatty acid composition in terms of healthy nutrition and prevention of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. A tendency to reduce the amount of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, with a simultaneous increase in the content of saturated fatty acids is noted in the process of yogurt production and storage. It was found that the production of yogurt with the use of goat’s milk in the mixture allows reducing the values of atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indices. The results of the study provide an information basis for the production of qualitatively new fermented milk drinks with a fatty-acid profile favorable for human health.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document