Marine Bacterioplankton Diversity and Community Composition in an Antarctic Coastal Environment

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelina Lo Giudice ◽  
Consolazione Caruso ◽  
Santina Mangano ◽  
Vivia Bruni ◽  
Maria De Domenico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
Marine Bacterioplankton

scholarly journals Thermal discharge-induced seawater warming alters richness, community composition and interactions of bacterioplankton assemblages in a coastal ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meora Rajeev ◽  
T. J. Sushmitha ◽  
Chairmandurai Aravindraja ◽  
Subba Rao Toleti ◽  
Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Marine Microorganisms ◽  
Thermal Discharge ◽  
Marine Bacterioplankton ◽  
The Impact

AbstractDespite accumulating evidence on the impact of global climate warming on marine microbes, how increasing seawater temperature influences the marine bacterioplankton communities is elusive. As temperature gradient created by thermal discharges provides a suitable in situ model to study the influence of warming on marine microorganisms, surface seawater were sampled consecutively for one year (September-2016 to August-2017) from the control (unimpacted) and thermal discharge-impacted areas of a coastal power plant, located in India. The bacterioplankton community differences between control (n = 16) and thermal discharge-impacted (n = 26) areas, as investigated using 16S rRNA gene tag sequencing revealed reduced richness and varied community composition at thermal discharge-impacted areas. The relative proportion of Proteobacteria was found to be higher (average ~ 15%) while, Bacteroidetes was lower (average ~ 10%) at thermal discharge-impacted areas. Intriguingly, thermal discharge-impacted areas were overrepresented by several potential pathogenic bacterial genera (e.g. Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Sulfitobacter, Vibrio) and other native marine genera (e.g. Marinobacter, Pseudoalteromonas, Alteromonas, Pseudidiomarina, Halomonas). Further, co-occurrence networks demonstrated that complexity and connectivity of networks were altered in warming condition. Altogether, results indicated that increasing temperature has a profound impact on marine bacterioplankton richness, community composition, and inter-species interactions. Our findings are immensely important in forecasting the consequences of future climate changes especially, ocean warming on marine microbiota.

scholarly journals Coupling of fog and marine microbial content in the near-shore coastal environment

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 803-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Dueker ◽  
G. D. O'Mullan ◽  
K. C. Weathers ◽  
A. R. Juhl ◽  
M. Uriarte
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Ocean Surface ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
Onshore Wind ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Aerosol Particle Size ◽  
Terrestrial Environments ◽  
Near Shore

Abstract. Microbes in the atmosphere (microbial aerosols) play an important role in climate and provide an ecological and biogeochemical connection between oceanic, atmospheric, and terrestrial environments. However, the sources and environmental factors controlling the concentration, diversity, transport, and viability of microbial aerosols are poorly understood. This study examined culturable microbial aerosols from a coastal environment in Maine (USA) and determined the effect of onshore wind speed and fog presence on deposition rate, source, and community composition. During fog events with low onshore winds (<2 m s−1) the near-shore deposition of microbial aerosols (microbial fallout) decreased with increasing wind speeds, whereas microbial fallout rates under clear conditions and comparable low wind speeds showed no wind speed dependence. Mean aerosol particle size also increased with onshore wind speed when fog was present, indicating increased shoreward transport of larger aerosol particles. 16S rRNA sequencing of culturable ocean surface bacteria and microbial aerosols deposited onshore resulted in the detection of 31 bacterial genera, with 5 dominant genera (Vibrio, Bacillus, Pseudoalteromonas, Psychrobacter, Salinibacterium) making up 66 % of all sequences. The sequence library from microbial aerosol isolates, as with libraries found in other coastal/marine aerosol studies, was dominated at the phylum level by Proteobacteria, with additional representation from Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Seventy-five percent of the culturable microbial aerosols falling out under foggy conditions were most similar to GenBank-published sequences detected in marine environments. Using a 97 % similarity cut-off, sequence libraries from ocean surface and fog isolates shared eight operational taxonomic units (OTU's) in total, three of which were the most dominant OTU's in the library, representing large fractions of the ocean (28 %) and fog (21 %) libraries. The fog and ocean surface libraries were significantly more similar in microbial community composition than clear (non-foggy) and ocean surface libraries, according to both Jaccard and Sorenson indices. These findings provide the first evidence of a difference in community composition and microbial culturability of aerosols associated with fog compared to clear conditions. The data support a dual role for fog in enhancing the fallout of viable microbial aerosols via increased gravitational settling rates and decreased aerosolization stress on the organisms, which may include relief from UV inactivation, desiccation, and oligotrophic microconditions. This study provides a strong case for ocean to terrestrial transport of microbes and a potential connection between water quality and air quality at coastal sites.

scholarly journals Dissolved Compounds Excreted by Copepods Reshape the Active Marine Bacterioplankton Community Composition

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina P. Valdés ◽  
Camila Fernandez ◽  
Verónica Molina ◽  
Rubén Escribano ◽  
Fabien Joux
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Marine Bacterioplankton ◽  
Bacterioplankton Community

scholarly journals Community Composition of Marine Bacterioplankton Determined by 16S rRNA Gene Clone Libraries and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 5116-5122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Cottrell ◽  
David L. Kirchman
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Clone Libraries ◽  
Marine Bacterioplankton ◽  
Bacterioplankton Communities

ABSTRACT We determined the compositions of bacterioplankton communities in surface waters of coastal California using clone libraries of 16S rRNA genes and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in order to compare the community structures inferred from these two culture-independent approaches. The compositions of two clone libraries were quite similar to those of clone libraries of marine bacterioplankton examined by previous studies. Clones from γ-proteobacteria comprised ca. 28% of the libraries, while approximately 55% of the clones came from α-proteobacteria, which dominated the clone libraries. TheCytophaga-Flavobacter group and three others each comprised 10% or fewer of the clone libraries. The community composition determined by FISH differed substantially from the composition implied by the clone libraries. The Cytophaga-Flavobacter group dominated 8 of the 11 communities assayed by FISH, including the two communities assayed using clone libraries. On average only 10% of DAPI (4′,6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole)-stained bacteria were detected by FISH with a probe for α-proteobacteria, but 30% of DAPI-stained bacteria appeared to be in the Cytophaga-Flavobacter group as determined by FISH. α-Proteobacteria were greatly overrepresented in clone libraries compared to their relative abundance determined by FISH, while the Cytophaga-Flavobacter group was underrepresented in clone libraries. Our data show that theCytophaga-Flavobacter group can be a numerically dominant component of coastal marine bacterioplankton communities.

scholarly journals Large Variabilities in Host Strain Susceptibility and Phage Host Range Govern Interactions between Lytic Marine Phages and Their Flavobacterium Hosts

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (21) ◽  
pp. 6730-6739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Holmfeldt ◽  
Mathias Middelboe ◽  
Ole Nybroe ◽  
Lasse Riemann
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Mortality Factor ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Marine Bacterioplankton ◽  
Phylogenetic Resolution

ABSTRACT Phages are a main mortality factor for marine bacterioplankton and are thought to regulate bacterial community composition through host-specific infection and lysis. In the present study we demonstrate for a marine phage-host assemblage that interactions are complex and that specificity and efficiency of infection and lysis are highly variable among phages infectious to strains of the same bacterial species. Twenty-three Bacteroidetes strains and 46 phages from Swedish and Danish coastal waters were analyzed. Based on genotypic and phenotypic analyses, 21 of the isolates could be considered strains of Cellulophaga baltica (Flavobacteriaceae). Nevertheless, all bacterial strains showed unique phage susceptibility patterns and differed by up to 6 orders of magnitude in sensitivity to the same titer of phage. The isolated phages showed pronounced variations in genome size (8 to >242 kb) and host range (infecting 1 to 20 bacterial strains). Our data indicate that marine bacterioplankton are susceptible to multiple co-occurring phages and that sensitivity towards phage infection is strain specific and exists as a continuum between highly sensitive and resistant, implying an extremely complex web of phage-host interactions. Hence, effects of phages on bacterioplankton community composition and dynamics may go undetected in studies where strain identity is not resolvable, i.e., in studies based on the phylogenetic resolution provided by 16S rRNA gene or internal transcribed spacer sequences.

scholarly journals Denitrifier Community Composition along a Nitrate and Salinity Gradient in a Coastal Aquifer

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 2102-2109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyson E. Santoro ◽  
Alexandria B. Boehm ◽  
Christopher A. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Submarine Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Salinity Gradient ◽  
Amino Acid Level ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
Nitrogen Flux ◽  
Submarine Groundwater ◽  
Encoding Gene

ABSTRACT Nitrogen flux into the coastal environment via submarine groundwater discharge may be modulated by microbial processes such as denitrification, but the spatial scales at which microbial communities act and vary are not well understood. In this study, we examined the denitrifying community within the beach aquifer at Huntington Beach, California, where high-nitrate groundwater is a persistent feature. Nitrite reductase-encoding gene fragments (nirK and nirS), responsible for the key step in the denitrification pathway, were PCR amplified, cloned, and sequenced from DNAs extracted from aquifer sediments collected along a cross-shore transect, where groundwater ranged in salinity from 8 to 34 practical salinity units and in nitrate concentration from 0.5 to 330 μM. We found taxonomically rich and novel communities, with all nirK clones exhibiting <85% identity and nirS clones exhibiting <92% identity at the amino acid level to those of cultivated denitrifiers and other environmental clones in the database. Unique communities were found at each site, despite being located within 40 m of each other, suggesting that the spatial scale at which denitrifier diversity and community composition vary is small. Statistical analyses of nir sequences using the Monte Carlo-based program ∫-Libshuff confirmed that some populations were indeed distinct, although further sequencing would be required to fully characterize the highly diverse denitrifying communities at this site.

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