Bacterial Community Assemblages Associated with the Phyllosphere, Dermosphere, and Rhizosphere of Tree Species of the Atlantic Forest are Host Taxon Dependent

Plant–microbial interactions in the litter layer represent one of the most relevant interactions for biogeochemical cycling as litter decomposition is a key first step in carbon and nitrogen turnover. However, our understanding of these interactions in the litter layer remains elusive. In an old-growth mixed Nothofagus forest in Patagonia, we studied the effects of single tree species identity and the mixture of three tree species on the fungal and bacterial composition in the litter layer. We also evaluated the effects of nitrogen (N) addition on these plant–microbial interactions. In addition, we compared the magnitude of stimulation of litter decomposition due to home field advantage (HFA, decomposition occurs more rapidly when litter is placed beneath the plant species from which it had been derived than beneath a different plant species) and N addition that we previously demonstrated in this same forest, and used microbial information to interpret these results. Tree species identity had a strong and significant effect on the composition of fungal communities but not on the bacterial community of the litter layer. The microbial composition of the litter layer under the tree species mixture show an averaged contribution of each single tree species. N addition did not erase the plant species footprint on the fungal community, and neither altered the bacterial community. N addition stimulated litter decomposition as much as HFA for certain tree species, but the mechanisms behind N and HFA stimulation may have differed. Our results suggest that stimulation of decomposition from N addition might have occurred due to increased microbial activity without large changes in microbial community composition, while HFA may have resulted principally from plant species’ effects on the litter fungal community. Together, our results suggest that plant–microbial interactions can be an unconsidered driver of litter decomposition in temperate forests.

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Leaf morphology of 89 tree species from a lowland tropical rain forest (Atlantic forest) in South Brazil

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132004000600013 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 47 (6) ◽

pp. 933-943 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Maria Regina Torres Boeger ◽

Luiz Carlos Alves ◽

Raquel Rejane Bonatto Negrelle

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

Tree Species ◽

Leaf Morphology ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Cell Layer ◽

Mineral Soil ◽

Parenchyma Cell ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

South Brazil

We examined the leaf morphology and anatomy of 89 tree species growing in an area of coastal Atlantic Forest in South Brazil. The majority of the species (> 75%) had small (notophyll and microphyll) elliptical simple leaves with entire margins. These leaves presented a typical anatomical structure consisting of a single epidermal cell layer, single palisade parenchyma cell layer, and spongy parenchyma with 5 to 8 cell layers. The sclerenchyma was limited to the vascular bundles. The majority of the tree species (91%) had leaves with mesomorphic characteristics. Few species depicted leaves with xeromorphic features as would be expected in such oligotrophic sandy soil. These mesomorphic features appeared to be associated to high efficiency mechanisms for nutrient cycling that compensated for the low nutrient content of the mineral soil.

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Searching for native tree species and respective potential biomarkers for future assessment of pollution effects on the highly diverse Atlantic Forest in SE-Brazil

Environmental Pollution ◽

10.1016/j.envpol.2015.03.018 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 202 ◽

pp. 85-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Marisa Domingos ◽

Patricia Bulbovas ◽

Carla Z.S. Camargo ◽

Cristiane Aguiar-Silva ◽

Solange E. Brandão ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

Tree Species ◽

Pollution Effects ◽

Future Assessment ◽

Se Brazil ◽

Native Tree ◽

Native Tree Species ◽

Potential Biomarkers

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An interactive identification key for Atlantic Forest tree species based on macroscopic wood anatomy

Rodriguésia ◽

10.1590/2175-7860202172128 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 72 ◽

Author(s):

Arno Fritz das Neves Brandes ◽

Bruno Quiroga Novello ◽

Thaís Siston ◽

Leonardo Bona do Nascimento ◽

Neusa Tamaio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

Tree Species ◽

Wood Anatomy ◽

Forest Tree ◽

Environmental Conservation ◽

Identification Key ◽

Illegal Logging ◽

Forest Tree Species ◽

Commercial Logging ◽

Industrial Forestry

Abstract The Atlantic Forest is considered a biodiversity hotspot because of its exceptional species richness, endemism, and habitat losses. Commercial logging, industrial forestry, and agriculture represent threats to the Atlantic Forest, and even though it has been protected by law since 2006, forest suppression continues and large volumes of Atlantic Forest wood are traded every year. To promote environmental conservation and prevent illegal logging, the verification of wood species’ identifications is fundamental throughout several stages of the wood supply chain by supervisory bodies, traders, and even consumers. Macroscopic wood anatomy analysis has been shown to be an efficient method for screening, although tools to streamline the efficiency of that process are necessary. We introduce here an interactive identification key for Atlantic Forest tree species, based on standard wood macroscopic features that is now available online at http://gbg.sites.uff.br/lamad/.

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Aspects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in an atlantic forest chronosequence parque estadual turístico do Alto Ribeira (petar), SP

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/s1676-06032004000200005 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Marcos P.M. Aidar ◽

Rosilaine Carrenho ◽

Carlos A. Joly

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

Tree Species ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Late Phase ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Diversity Indices ◽

Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽

Wet Season ◽

Generic Level

Mycorrhizal colonization was assessed in roots of trees within an Atlantic Forest chronosequence, located in the southeastern of São Paulo State, Brazil, inside Tourist State Park of the High Ribeira Valley (PETAR). The phytosociological survey was carried out in three adjacent areas, all on calcareous soil, which correspond to different time intervals during which they have been left abandoned following a slash-and-burn agricultural perturbation. Early Phase (EP) with 15 years; Mid Phase (MP) with 25 years; and Late Phase (LP) with more than 36 years without clear-cut. The inventory indicated a continuum of tree species substitution, which is dominated by species of Leguminosae, especially Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J.F. Macbr. (Mimosoideae) in the earlier successional phases. Mycorrhizal colonization, estimated by the occurrence of the mycorrhizal structures in the tree species roots, diminished during the season with less rain (winter), and showed no significant differences between successional phases in the wet season (summer). Rather, the mycorrhizal colonization was correlated with occurrence of the tree’s successional status: being positively correlated with occurrence of pioneer species, and negatively correlated with late secondary species. Mycorrhizal colonization was also correlated negatively with soil organic matter and base saturation. Twenty five species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi belonging to four genera were identified. Six species were only identified to generic level. The species Glomus etunicatum Becker & Gerd. represented 10% of the total number of spores and occurred in all phases and seasons, while the genus Glomus represented 57% of the total of spores found in the rhizosphere. The diversity indices evaluated for the mycohrriza community were: H’ = 2.3, J’ = 0.97 and R = 4.12. These results are a contribution to the knowledge of The Atlantic Forest biodiversity and may have implications to support programs regarding rehabilitation of degraded vegetation in one of the World’s most threatened Biomes.

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