Natural background levels and threshold values of monitored parameters in the Cambrian-Vendian groundwater body, Estonia

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1217-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres Marandi ◽  
Enn Karro
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Values ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Background Levels ◽  
Groundwater Body

Natural background levels and threshold values for groundwater in fluvial Pleistocene and Tertiary marine aquifers in Flanders, Belgium

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 1155-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleen Coetsiers ◽  
Petra Blaser ◽  
Kristine Martens ◽  
Kristine Walraevens
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Values ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Background Levels

The VIOLA Project: Natural background levels for the groundwater bodies of Apulia Region (Southern Italy)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Masciale ◽  
Stefano Amalfitano ◽  
Eleonora Frollini ◽  
Stefano Ghergo ◽  
Marco Melita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Apulia Region ◽  
Background Levels ◽  
Sampling Procedures

<p>The European Water Directives (WDs, 2000/60/EC; 2006/118/EC) force Member States to proceed to the characterization of groundwater bodies in order to define their quantitative and chemical status and their environmental objectives. Since the earlier years of this century, the Department of Water Resources Management of the Apulia Region implemented the WDs by setting a wide groundwater monitoring network, delineating regional groundwater bodies and characterizing their status. The groundwater bodies characterization showed that the risk of not achieving a good status was generally related to salt contamination and the exceedance of the threshold values or the quality standards for some parameters (e.g., NO<sub>3</sub>, Fe, Mn), as expected for regions with a predominantly agricultural vocation and characterized by extensive coastal development. The main regional aquifers reside in the carbonate bedrock characterized by intense fracturing and karstification.</p><p>The groundwater Directive 2006/118/EC allows the evaluation of Natural Background Levels (NBLs) to be taken into account when establishing the relevant threshold values.</p><p>During the last years, the IRSA-CNR collaborated with the National Environmental Protection Agency (ISPRA) in defining scientifically based guidelines for the NBLs assessment and clarifying some methodological aspects. These guidelines suggest excluding water samples characterised by high levels of specific markers clearly indicating anthropogenic inputs.</p><p>The project "VIOLA - Natural background levels for the groundwater bodies of Apulia Region ", has been funded by the Department of Water Resources Management of the Apulia Region for carrying out the application and validation of the above mentioned methodologies and to develop and test methodologies better tailored for coastal aquifers. In particular, isotopic techniques will be used to discriminate between the anthropogenic and natural origin of the salinization and historical data of groundwater salinization will be processed in order to study its evolution in time. . Finally, the investigation of innovative microbiological techniques is envisaged to evaluate how changes in groundwater quality will affect the resident microbial community properties involved in C-flux.</p><p>The VIOLA project will last three years during which the IRSA-CNR will:</p><ul><li>collect and order all the background knowledge relating to the hydro-geo-chemical characteristics of the Apulian groundwater bodies,</li> <li>define adequate groundwater sampling procedures and assessment protocols for the NBLs,</li> <li>carry out field activities, aimed at sampling groundwater at a specific monitoring network and measuring values of main physico-chemical and microbiological parameters, in the study area of the coastal Murgia groundwater body, and</li> <li>produce tools to support the planning and management of groundwater resources integrated in a GIS environment.</li> </ul><p>This contribution aims at providing an overview at the ongoing activities at the regional scale, illustrating the groundwater bodies setting, the main pressures and the preliminary derivation of NBL using the historical data.</p>

scholarly journals New Data on Seawater Intrusion in Liepāja (Latvia) and Methodology for Establishing Background Levels and Threshold Values in Groundwater Body at Risk F5

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 00027 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Retike ◽  
J. Bikše
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Ion Chemistry ◽  
Background Levels ◽  
Sampling Campaign ◽  
The Status ◽  
Depression Cone ◽  
Groundwater Body

Intensive water consumption in former decades caused formation of large depression cone near city Liepāja and resulted with seawater intrusion into Upper Devonian Mūru-Žagaru confined freshwater aquifer. Area affected by seawater intrusion is delineated as separate groundwater body at risk (F5) and according to Groundwater Directive threshold values for groundwater bodies at risk must be established to assess the status of a body and identify possible trends. Correct estimation of background levels is significant for determination of threshold values. This study shows an updated so called “BRIDGE” methodology for determination of background levels. A two-step approach how to establish background levels in much stricter manner is presented. Also, data on major ion chemistry, biogenic and trace elements in groundwater and seawater from sampling campaign in 2017 are displayed. Dataset include unique seawater sample taken from Baltic Sea. Finally, the calculated seawater fraction results in groundwater samples shows up to 50 % presence of seawater which decrease with increasing distance from the coast and increasing screen interval.

Derivation of natural background levels and threshold values for groundwater bodies in the Upper Rhine Valley (France, Switzerland and Germany)

Desalination ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 226 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 160-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Wendland ◽  
G. Berthold ◽  
A. Blum ◽  
P. Elsass ◽  
J.-G. Fritsche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Values ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Background Levels ◽  
Rhine Valley ◽  
Upper Rhine

scholarly journals eNaBLe, an On-Line Tool to Evaluate Natural Background Levels in Groundwater Bodies

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Daniele Parrone ◽  
Eleonora Frollini ◽  
Elisabetta Preziosi ◽  
Stefano Ghergo
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Database Management System ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Background Levels ◽  
On Line ◽  
Groundwater Body

Inorganic compounds in groundwater may derive from both natural processes and anthropogenic activities. The assessment of natural background levels (NBLs) is often useful to distinguish these sources. The approaches for the NBLs assessment can be classified as geochemical (e.g., the well-known pre-selection method) or statistical, the latter involving the application of statistical procedures to separate natural and anthropogenic populations. National Guidelines for the NBLs assessment in groundwater have been published in Italy (ISPRA 155/2017), based mainly on the pre-selection method. The Guidelines propose different assessment paths according to the sample size in spatial/temporal dimension and the type of the distribution of the pre-selected dataset, taking also into account the redox conditions of the groundwater body. The obtained NBLs are labelled with a different confidence level in function of number of total observations/monitoring sites, extension of groundwater body and aquifer type (confined or unconfined). To support the implementation of the Guidelines, the on-line tool evaluation of natural background levels (eNaBLe), written in PHP and using MySQL as DBMS (DataBase Management System), has been developed. The main goal of this paper is to describe the functioning of eNaBLe and test the tool on a case study in central Italy. We calculated the NBLs of As, F, Fe and Mn in the southern portion of the Mounts Vulsini groundwater body, within the volcanic province of Latium (Central Italy), also separating the reducing and oxidizing facies. Specific results aside, this study allowed to verify the functioning and possible improvements of the online tool and to identify some criticalities in the procedure NBLs assessment at the groundwater body scale

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