Automatic determination of brain perfusion index for measurement of cerebral blood flow using spectral analysis and 99m Tc-HMPAO

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1443-1446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Takasawa ◽  
Kenya Murase ◽  
Naohiko Oku ◽  
Minoru Kawamata ◽  
Masao Imaizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Perfusion Index ◽  
Automatic Determination ◽  
Brain Perfusion Index

Reproducibility of the brain perfusion index for measuring cerebral blood flow using technetium-99m compounds

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1640-1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenya Murase ◽  
Hiroyoshi Fujioka ◽  
Takeshi Inoue ◽  
Yoshihiro Ishimaru ◽  
Akihisa Akamune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Perfusion Index ◽  
Technetium 99M ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Perfusion Index

scholarly journals Assessment of Acetazolamide Reactivity in Cerebral Blood Flow Using Spectral Analysis and Technetium-99m Hexamethylpropylene Amine Oxime

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1004-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Takasawa ◽  
Kenya Murase ◽  
Naohiko Oku ◽  
Takuya Yoshikawa ◽  
Yasuhiro Osaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Technetium 99M ◽  
Hexamethylpropylene Amine Oxime ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Angiographic Data

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) can be quantified noninvasively using the brain perfusion index (BPI), determined from radionuclide angiographic data generated with technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO). Previously, the BPI has been calculated using graphical analysis (GA); however, the GA method is greatly affected by the first-pass extraction fraction and retention fraction, which are not only variable, but lower in cases with an increased CBF, such as after the administration of acetazolamide. Thus, GA-calculated BPI values (BPIG) may not reflect the absolute CBF. The objective of this study was to use the spectral analysis of radionuclide angiographic data collected using 99mTc-HMPAO to examine changes in the BPI after the administration of acetazolamide. We studied the CBF of both cerebral hemispheres in six healthy male volunteers; the BPI was measured at rest and after the intravenous administration of 1 g of acetazolamide. In all participants, an H215O positron emission tomography (PET) examination was also performed, and the spectral analysis—calculated BPI values (BPIS) and BPIG values were compared with the actual CBF measured using H215O PET (mCBFPET). The BPIS was 1.070 ± 0.051 (mean ± SD) at rest and 1.497 ± 0.098 after acetazolamide; the corresponding BPIG values were 0.646 ± 0.073 and 0.721 ± 0.107. The BPIS values were significantly correlated with the mCBFPET values, whereas the BPIG values were not. According to the BPIS values, the increase in BPI after the intravenous administration of acetazolamide was 40.1 ± 8.4%, as opposed to an increase of only 11.3 ± 6.5% according to the BPIG values. These results suggest that the spectral analysis of 99mTc-HMPAO—generated data yields a more reliable BPI than GA for the quantification of CBF after acetazolamide administration.

Tc-99m HMPAO/SPECT Determination of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Changes in Schizophrenics

1990 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 904-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
BELKIS ERBAS ◽  
HAKAN KUMBASAR ◽  
G??NAYDIN ERBENGI ◽  
COSKUN BEKDIK
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Hmpao Spect ◽  
Flow Changes

scholarly journals Total Cerebral Blood Flow and Total Brain Perfusion in the General Population: The Rotterdam Scan Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meike W Vernooij ◽  
Aad van der Lugt ◽  
Mohammad Arfan Ikram ◽  
Piotr A Wielopolski ◽  
Henri A Vrooman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Total Brain

Reduced cerebral perfusion may contribute to the development of cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Little is known on cerebral perfusion in the general population, as most measurement techniques are too invasive for application in large groups of healthy individuals. Total cerebral blood flow (tCBF) can be noninvasively measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) but is highly correlated with brain volume. We calculated total brain perfusion by dividing tCBF by brain volume, and we investigated determinants of total brain perfusion in comparison with tCBF. Secondly, we studied whether persons with a low tCBF or low total brain perfusion have a larger volume of white matter lesions (WML). This study is based on 892 persons aged 60 to 91 years from the Rotterdam Study, a population-based cohort study. We performed two-dimensional (2D) phase-contrast MRI for tCBF measurement. Brain volume and WML volume were quantitatively assessed. Cardiovascular determinants were assessed by interview and physical examination. We assessed associations between cardiovascular determinants and flow measures with linear regression models, adjusted for age and sex. Associations between tCBF or total brain perfusion and WML volume were assessed using general linear models. We found that determinants of tCBF and total brain perfusion differed largely due to the large influence of brain volume on tCBF values. Persons with low total brain perfusion had a significantly larger WML volume compared with those with high total brain perfusion. Prospective studies are required to unravel whether hypoperfusion contributes to WML formation or that tissue damage, manifested by WML, leads to brain hypoperfusion.

Brain Death in the Newborn

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-437
Author(s):  
Stephen Ashwal ◽  
Sanford Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Brain Dead ◽  
Electroencephalographic Activity ◽  
Radionuclide Uptake

The clinical courses of 18 preterm and term infants less than 1 month of age in whom brain death was diagnosed were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical diagnosis was determined neurologically and included (1) coma, (2) apnea, manifested by inability to sustain respiration, and (3) absent brainstem reflexes. Electroencephalograms were performed in all patients; 17 patients had adequate cerebral blood flow as estimated by radionuclide imaging. The results indicate that (1) neurodiagnostic tests such as electroencephalograms and radionuclide scanning reconfirmed clinically determined brain death in only one half to two thirds of patients; (2) electrocerebral silence in the absence of barbiturates, hypothermia, or cerebral malformations during 24 hours was confirmatory of brain death if the clinical findings remained unchanged; (3) absence of radionuclide uptake associated with initial electrocerebral silence was associated with brain death; (4) term infants clinically brain dead for 2 days and preterm infants brain dead for 3 days did not survive despite electroencephalogram or cerebral blood flow status; and (5) phenobarbital levels > 25 µg/ mL may suppress electroencephalographic activity in this age group. The findings suggest that determination of brain death in the newborn can be made solely by using clinical criteria. Confirmatory neurodiagnostic studies are of value because they can potentially shorten the period of observation.

Cerebral Blood Flow of the Neonatal Brain after Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Octavio Tierradentro-García ◽  
Sandra Saade-Lemus ◽  
Colbey Freeman ◽  
Matthew Kirschen ◽  
Hao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Positron Emission

Objective Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in infants can have long-term adverse neurodevelopmental effects and markedly reduce quality of life. Both the initial hypoperfusion and the subsequent rapid reperfusion can cause deleterious effects in brain tissue. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) assessment in newborns with HIE can help detect abnormalities in brain perfusion to guide therapy and prognosticate patient outcomes. Study Design The review will provide an overview of the pathophysiological implications of CBF derangements in neonatal HIE, current and emerging techniques for CBF quantification, and the potential to utilize CBF as a physiologic target in managing neonates with acute HIE. Conclusion The alterations of CBF in infants during hypoxia-ischemia have been studied by using different neuroimaging techniques, including nitrous oxide and xenon clearance, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, arterial spin labeling MRI, 18F-FDG positron emission tomography, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), functional NIRS, and diffuse correlation spectroscopy. Consensus is lacking regarding the clinical significance of CBF estimations detected by these different modalities. Heterogeneity in the imaging modality used, regional versus global estimations of CBF, time for the scan, and variables impacting brain perfusion and cohort clinical characteristics should be considered when translating the findings described in the literature to routine practice and implementation of therapeutic interventions. Key Points

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