Riparian Forest Cover Modulates Phosphorus Storage and Nitrogen Cycling in Agricultural Stream Sediments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Kreiling ◽  
L. A. Bartsch ◽  
P. M. Perner ◽  
E. J. Hlavacek ◽  
V. G. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Cycling ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Stream Sediments ◽  
Agricultural Stream ◽  
Phosphorus Storage

scholarly journals Land-use-driven stream warming in southeastern Amazonia

2013 ◽  
Vol 368 (1619) ◽  
pp. 20120153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia N. Macedo ◽  
Michael T. Coe ◽  
Ruth DeFries ◽  
Maria Uriarte ◽  
Paulo M. Brando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Small Streams

Large-scale cattle and crop production are the primary drivers of deforestation in the Amazon today. Such land-use changes can degrade stream ecosystems by reducing connectivity, changing light and nutrient inputs, and altering the quantity and quality of streamwater. This study integrates field data from 12 catchments with satellite-derived information for the 176 000 km 2 upper Xingu watershed (Mato Grosso, Brazil). We quantify recent land-use transitions and evaluate the influence of land management on streamwater temperature, an important determinant of habitat quality in small streams. By 2010, over 40 per cent of catchments outside protected areas were dominated (greater than 60% of area) by agriculture, with an estimated 10 000 impoundments in the upper Xingu. Streams in pasture and soya bean watersheds were significantly warmer than those in forested watersheds, with average daily maxima over 4°C higher in pasture and 3°C higher in soya bean. The upstream density of impoundments and riparian forest cover accounted for 43 per cent of the variation in temperature. Scaling up, our model suggests that management practices associated with recent agricultural expansion may have already increased headwater stream temperatures across the Xingu. Although increased temperatures could negatively impact stream biota, conserving or restoring riparian buffers could reduce predicted warming by as much as fivefold.

scholarly journals The Importance of Riparian Forest Cover to the Ecological Status of Agricultural Streams in a Nationwide Assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikko Tolkkinen ◽  
Saku Vaarala ◽  
Jukka Aroviita
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Riparian Forests ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractForested riparian corridors are a key management solution for halting the global trend of declining ecological status of freshwater ecosystems. There is an increasing body of evidence related to the efficacy of these corridors at the local scale, but knowledge is inadequate concerning the effectiveness of riparian forests in terms of protecting streams from harmful impacts across larger scales. In this study, nationwide assessment results comprising more than 900 river water bodies in Finland were used to examine the importance of adjacent land use to river ecological status estimates. Random forest models and partial dependence functions were used to quantify the independent effect of adjacent land use on river ecological status after accounting for the effects of other factors. The proportion of adjacent forested land along a river had the strongest independent positive effect on ecological status for small to medium size rivers that were in agricultural landscapes. Ecological quality increased by almost one status class when the adjacent forest cover increased from 10 to 60%. In contrast, for large rivers, adjacent forested land did not show an independent positive effect on ecological status. This study has major implications for managing river basins to achieve the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) goal of obtaining good ecological status of rivers. The results from the nationwide assessment demonstrate that forested riparian zones can have an independent positive effect on the ecological status of rivers, indicating the importance of riparian forests in mitigating the impacts of catchment-level stressors. Therefore, forested buffer zones should be more strongly considered as part of river basin management.

Reach-scale effects of riparian forest cover on urban stream ecosystems

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 2312-2329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison H Roy ◽  
Christina L Faust ◽  
Mary C Freeman ◽  
Judith L Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Habitat Diversity ◽  
Urban Stream ◽  
Ecosystem Integrity ◽  
Small Streams

We compared habitat and biota between paired open and forested reaches within five small streams (basin area 10–20 km2) in suburban catchments (9%–49% urban land cover) in the Piedmont of Georgia, USA. Stream reaches with open canopies were narrower than forested reaches (4.1 versus 5.0 m, respectively). There were no differences in habitat diversity (variation in velocity, depth, or bed particle size) between open and forested reaches. However, absence of local forest cover corresponded to decreased large wood and increased algal chlorophyll a standing crop biomass. These differences in basal food resources translated into higher densities of fishes in open (9.0 individuals·m–2) versus forested (4.9 individuals·m–2) reaches, primarily attributed to higher densities of the herbivore Campostoma oligolepis. Densities of terrestrial invertebrate inputs were higher in open reaches; however, trends suggested higher biomass of terrestrial inputs in forested reaches and a corresponding higher density of terrestrial prey consumed by water column feeding fishes. Reach-scale biotic integrity (macroinvertebrates, salamanders, and fishes) was largely unaffected by differences in canopy cover. In urbanizing areas where catchment land cover drives habitat and biotic quality, management practices that rely exclusively on forested riparian areas for stream protection are unlikely to be effective at maintaining ecosystem integrity.

Tropical Rainforest Dynamics and Palaeoclimate Implications since the late Pleistocene, Nilgiris, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 367-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Raja ◽  
Hema Achyuthan ◽  
Anjum Farooqui ◽  
Rengaswamy Ramesh ◽  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Monsoonal Precipitation ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

AbstractA multiproxy study involving sedimentology, palynology, radiocarbon dating, stable isotopes, and geochemistry was carried out on the Parsons Valley Lake deposit, Nilgiris, India, to determine palaeoclimatic fluctuations and their possible impact on vegetation since the late Pleistocene. The 72-cm-deep sediment core that was retrieved reveals five distinct palaeoclimatic phases: (1) Warm and humid conditions with a high lake stand before the last glacial maximum (LGM; ~29,800 cal yr BP), subsequently changing to a relatively cool and dry phase during the LGM. (2) Considerable dry conditions and lower precipitation occurred between ~16,300 and 9500 cal yr BP. During this period, the vegetation shrank and perhaps was confined to moister pockets or was a riparian forest cover. (3) An outbreak in the shift of monsoonal precipitation was witnessed in the beginning of the mid-Holocene, around 8400 cal yr BP, implying alteration in the shift toward warm and humid conditions, resulting in relatively high pollen abundance for evergreen taxa. (4) This phase exhibits a shift to heavier δ13C values around ~1850 cal yr BP, with an emergence of moist deciduous plants pointing to drier conditions. (5) Human activities contributed to the exceedingly high percentage ofAcaciaandPinuspollen during the Little Ice Age.

scholarly journals Seasonal variability of sediment controls of nitrogen cycling in an agricultural stream

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie A. Comer-Warner ◽  
Daren C. Gooddy ◽  
Sami Ullah ◽  
Luke Glover ◽  
Nicholas Kettridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Cycling ◽  
Seasonal Variability ◽  
Agricultural Stream

Modification and Assessment of an Index of Biotic Integrity to Quantify Stream Quality in Southern Ontario

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Steedman
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Index Of Biotic Integrity ◽  
Biotic Integrity ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Stream Quality ◽  
Watershed Urbanization

A multivariate measure of stream quality, the Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI), was adapted to southern Ontario and calibrated to watershed land use on a variety of spatial scales. The fish fauna at 209 stream locations on 10 watersheds near Toronto, Ontario, was sampled with a backpack electrofisher in the summers of 1984 and 1985 to provide biological information for the IBI. Watershed urbanization, forest cover, and riparian forest were measured from 1:50,000 scale topographic maps and related to IBI estimates by linear regression. Of the biological measures tested, species richness, local indicator species (brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and Rhinichthys spp.), abundance of large piscivores, fish abundance, and incidence of blackspot disease were found to contribute significantly to IBI estimates. Variation in IBI estimates at the same location ranged from 0 to 8% within the sample season and from 0 to 24% between years. Linear models based on measures of watershed urbanization and forest cover accounted for 11–78% of the variation in IBI scores, depending on the spatial scale of the analysis. Significant IBI/land use relationships were found with whole-basin IBI estimates and for IBI estimates from individual stream reaches. Land use immediately upstream of sample stations was most strongly associated with stream quality as measured by the IBI.

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS MAMALIA DIURNAL DI BEBERAPA TIPE HUTAN PADA AREAL IUPHHK-HT PT. HUTAN KETAPANG INDUSTRI KABUPATEN KETAPANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reno Manggala Putra ◽  
Erianto Erianto ◽  
Iswan Dewantara
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Land Clearing ◽  
Diurnal Mammal

Mammals are wild animals that are often considered as pests by the community, even though the existence of mammals has an important role in the preservation of forest ecosystem as soil fertilizers, pollinators, seed dispersers, and biological bugs control. Forest is habitat for flora and fauna, but now the forests in Kalimantan are starting to be degraded caused by land clearing of plantations, illegal logging and infrastructure development. Forest degradation is very influential on forest cover, especially mammals. Land clearing by plantation companies has an impact on the survival of animals and vegetation in the plantation area. Food sources and shelter for mammals is reduced. That makes mammals move to habitats that are good vegetation and ecosystems. This study aims to record the diurnal mammal species and find out the diversity of species of mammals diumal in several forest types in the IUPHHK-HT area of PT.  Hutan Ketapang Industri district Ketapang. This research was conducted on 25 February 2019 until 23 March 2019 to obtain data on species of mammals diumal in a number of forest types in the IUPHHK-HT area of PT. Hutan Ketapang Industri district Ketapang.  The results of this study are expected to provide data and information on the types of diurnal mammals and the diversity of diurnal mammal species in several forest types in the IUPHHK-HT area of PT.  Hutan Ketapang Industri district Ketapang The results of observations in five habitat types were found as many as 8 species belonging to 6 families.  In Kerangas forest 2 species were found with 7 individuals, Peat Swamp forest was found 5 species with 15 individuals, Lowland Dipterocarpa forest was found  7 species with 19 individuals, Riparian forest was found  3 species with 9 individuals. and Open Wetlands / Flood Plains are found  3 species with a number of individuals 11.Keywords: Mammals Diumal, Diversity, Five Habitat Types

FRAGILIDADE AMBIENTAL DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO CAPIVARA, BOTUCATU-SP

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Daniela Polizeli Traficante ◽  
Sérgio Campos ◽  
Rodrigo Lillla Manzione ◽  
Bruno Timóteo Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Planning ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Map Algebra ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Eucalyptus Forest ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Degraded Pastures

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a fragilidade ambiental da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Capivara, Botucatu-SP. Foram utilizados os atributos uso da terra, solos, declividade e geologia através da Combinação Linear Ponderada (álgebra de mapas) em que cada um foi considerado um fator condicionante à fragilidade ambiental. A normalização dos fatores se deu pelas classes de fragilidade com notas variando de um a cinco, de muito baixa à muito alta, respectivamente, e a determinação dos pesos pelo método do Processo Hierárquico Analítico. Os resultados indicaram que a bacia apresentou altos índices de fragilidade, em 90,4% de sua área total, tendo o uso da terra ocupado pelas áreas de pastagens degradadas como o maior vetor de pressão. Somente 9,6% da área total da bacia foi classificada com baixos índices de fragilidade onde estão as áreas com cobertura florestal (nativas e reflorestamento de eucalipto) mata ciliares e as áreas de várzea. Estes índices de alta fragilidade vêm contribuindo para a redução da disponibilidade hídrica da bacia como consequência da falta de planejamento ambiental e exploração desordenada dos recursos naturais.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Análise Multicriterial, EASY AHP, SIG, Planejamento Ambiental. ENVIRONMENTAL FRAGILITY IN CAPIVARA RIVER WATERSHEDABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to identify the environmental fragility of Capivara River Watershed, Botucatu, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Attributes like land use, soil, slope and geology were combined through weighted linear combination (map algebra) in which each of them was considered a conditioning factor to the environmental fragility. Factors standardization was given through the fragility classes with grades ranging from one to five, very low to very high, respectively, and the determination of weights by the Analytical Hierarchy Process method. The results indicated that the Capivara River Watershed showed high levels of fragility, with 90.4% of total area, and the land use occupied by degraded pastures was the greatest pressure vector for these high rates. Only 9.6% of the basin total area were classified as low fragility indexes, which are the areas with forest cover (natives and eucalyptus forest), riparian forest and lowland areas. These high fragility indexes have contributed to the reduction of water availability in basin because of lack of environmental planning and uncontrolled exploitation of natural resources.KEYWORDS: Multi-Criteria Analysis, EASY AHP, GIS, Environmental Planning.

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