stratified sampling
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2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Cong Gu

Finance, as the core of the modern economy, supports sustained economic growth through financing and distribution. With the continuous development of the market economy, finance plays an increasingly important role in economic development. A new economic and financial phenomenon, known as financial intervention, has emerged in recent years, which has created a series of new problems, promoting the rapid increase both in credit and investment and causing many problems on normal operation of financial bodies. In the long run, it will inevitably affect the stability and soundness of the entire economic and financial system. In order to maximize the effect of financial intervention, in response to the above problems, this article uses a series of US practices in financial intervention as the survey content, combined with the loan data provided by the US government financial intervention department, and mines the data of the general C4.5 algorithm of the decision tree algorithm. Generate a decision tree and convert it into classification rules. Next, we will discover the laws hidden behind the loan data, further discover information that may violate relevant financial policies, provide a reliable basis for financial intervention, and improve the efficiency of financial intervention. Experiments show that the method used in this article can effectively solve the above problems and has certain practicability in fiscal intervention. With stratified sampling, the risky accuracy rate increased by 10%, probably because stratified sampling increased the number of high-risk samples.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Babatope Matthew Ajiboye

Census exercise is based on the notion that clear-cut data is at the center of a roadmap that enables planning, implementation, and long-term development. Because these objectives were not met, most census research in Nigeria has focused on the difficulties, problems, and politics underlying the falsification of census results. Surprisingly, none has articulated why a census is required for security and development. As a departure from the contentious debate enveloping the population, the paper examines the indices census has on the security and development of Nigeria. The cross-sectional survey design was adopted for the study using the proportionate stratified sampling in selecting 270 respondents that cut across three towns: Ado, Ikere, and Ikole, representing each senatorial district of Ekiti State. The questionnaire served as the instrument for data collection. Findings revealed mixed perceptions about the use of census for tackling security challenges, infrastructural planning, and developmental stride.


2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2785-2798
Author(s):  
Nor Ziratul Aqma Norzaman ◽  
Khairul Aidil Azlin Abd Rahman ◽  
Mohd Yazid Mohd Yunos ◽  
Nor ‘Atiah Ismail

Until now, industrial designers are solely educated with the epistemology of dialectical materialism; meanwhile, the spiritual aspect is often segregated from education affairs. Many kinds of literature highlighted that this segregation could lead to negative impacts. Supposedly as a Muslim, learning about our Creator through Asma’ul Husna is an essential trait to develop designers’ value, also known as sahsiah or characteristic of excellence. Therefore, this paper attempted to study the adaptation of Asma’ul Husna in the existing design practice among Muslim designers and at the same time devote the existent designer’s knowledge and awareness to this understanding. A set of questionnaires were distributed using stratified sampling. The result showed that the majority of the respondents did not adapt Asma’ul Husna in the existing design practice due to limited knowledge on ways to integrate Asma’ul Husna in the design process. Designers who claimed to use Asma’ul Husna in design are either still confused with the usage or only limits the usage to motif and zikr. As an overview, this paper highlights the general view of an adaptation of Asma’ul Husna’s among designers and emphasises the urgency to develop a guideline for designers to implement the values in their design process.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Ajun Purwanto ◽  
Paiman Paiman ◽  
Dony Andrasmoro

<p class="StyleAuthorBold"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil dan menganalisis persebaran spasial mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Geografi angkatan 2016-2019. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Bentuk penelitian survei dengan responden sebanyak 196. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan komunikasi tidak langsung, alat yang digunakan adalah angket. Data yang digunakan yaitu  nama, asal, agama, jenis kelamin, pendidikan terakhir, pekerjaan, dan pendapatan orang tua. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan <em>stratified sampling</em>. Teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Geografi paling banyak beragama Islam 95 orang; berjenis kelamin wanita 144 orang; pendidikan dari SMA Jurusan IPS 166 orang; pekerjaan orang tua petani 96 orang; penghasilan rata-rata orang tua Rp760.000,00/bulan; informasi tentang Program Studi Pendidikan Geografi paling banyak didapatkan dari saudara sebanyak 74 orang;  motivasi masuk karena berkeinginan untuk mengetahui seluk beluk bumi sebanyak 64 orang. Persebaran mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Geografi menunjukkan pola distribusi yang menyebar.</p><p> </p><p class="StyleAuthorBold"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>This research aimed to determine the profile and analyze the spatial distribution of students from the 2016-2019 Geography Education Study Program. The research method used descriptive. The form of the survey with 196 respondents. The data collection technique used indirect communication, the tool used is a questionnaire. The data used name, origin, religion, gender, last education, occupation, and parents' income. The sampling technique used stratified sampling. The data analysis technique used descriptive quantitative and percentage. The results showed that the most students of the Geography Education Study Program were 95 Muslims; female sex 144 people; education from SMA majoring in Social Sciences 166 people; the occupation of the farmer's parents were 96 people; the average income of parents was Rp.760,000.00/month; Information about the Geography Education Study Program was mostly obtained from relatives as many as 74 people; The motivation to enter was because they want to know the ins and outs of the earth 64 people. The distribution of students from the Geography Education Study Program showed a distributed distribution pattern.</em></p>


Author(s):  
Belaynew Mesfin Demelash

This study addressed the efforts exerted on the implementation of decentralization management system employed a few years ago in a governmental institution. More specifically, this study attempted to assess the perceptions employees hold about the decentralization package, their decision-making practices and correlations among participants’ perception, decision-making practices and provision of resources. To this end, of one hundred and fifty employees, fifty of Debre Tabore Municipality administrative, in Amhara regional state, were selected in a mix of systematic and stratified sampling technique. Likert scale and frequency count itemized questionnaire administered and forty-eight sheets of questionnaire were returned filled in.  The major findings showed that participants had a reasonable level of awareness on the positive roles of decentralization, considerable level of decision-making practices and some degree of perceived provisions of resources or support. Besides, there seemed to have positive relationships among the participants’ perceptions about municipality decentralization, input provision and practice of decision making. small but positive correlations among perceptions. A mere degree of variations of responses to the perceptions and practices of decentralization were also seen due to background differences in gender, position and work experiences. In light of the results, the decentralization could be implemented with a more focus of employees’ concern on resource provisions and shared commitment.


Author(s):  
Uzma Yasmeen ◽  
Muhammad Noor-ul-Amin

The efficiency of the study variable can be improved by incorporating the information from the known auxiliary variables. Usually two techniques ratio and regression estimation are used with the help of auxiliary information in different approaches to acquire the high precision of the estimators. Considering the very heterogeneous population to get the size of the sample it may be originating impossible to get a sufficiently accurate and precise estimate by taking the simple random sampling technique from the complete population. Occasionally taking sample issue may differ significantly in different part of the entire population. For example, under study population consists of people living in apartments, own homes, hospitals and prisons or people living in plain regions and hill regions so in such situations the stratified sampling is one of the most commonly used approach to get a representative sample in survey sampling from different cross units of the population. The present study is set out on the recommendation of generalized variance estimators for finite population variance incorporating stratified sampling scheme with the information of single and two transformed auxiliary variables. The expressions of bias and mean square error (MSE) are obtained for the advised exponential type estimators. The conditions are obtained for which the anticipated estimators are better than the usual estimator. An empirical and simulation study is conducted to prove the superiority of the recommended estimator.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1145-1152
Author(s):  
Siti Nurjannah ◽  
Andi Surahman Batara ◽  
Haeruddin

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan pembayaran iuran BPJS Kesehatan Mandiri di Kelurahan Bontomanai Kabupaten Gowa. Jenis penelitian yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta BPJS mandiri sebanyak 665 jiwa. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah proportional stratified sampling dengan sampel sebanyak 100 orang. Metode analisis data menggunakan Uji Bivariat dengan Uji kolerasi chi square. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh adalah variabel pendidikan, pekerjaan, persepsi, dan motivasi tidak terdapat hubungan sedangkan variabel pengetahuan terdapat hubungan dengan kepatuhan pembayaran iuran BPJS Kesehatan mandiri di Kelurahan Bontomanai. Saran pada penelitian ini adalah diharapkan pada peneliti selanjutnya sebaiknya meneliti faktor lain yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan pembayaran iuran BPJS Kesehatan mandiri.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 4594
Author(s):  
Chenxi Li ◽  
Zaiying Ma ◽  
Liuyue Wang ◽  
Weijian Yu ◽  
Donglin Tan ◽  
...  

High-quality training samples are essential for accurate land cover classification. Due to the difficulties in collecting a large number of training samples, it is of great significance to collect a high-quality sample dataset with a limited sample size but effective sample distribution. In this paper, we proposed an object-oriented sampling approach by segmenting image blocks expanded from systematically distributed seeds (object-oriented sampling approach) and carried out a rigorous comparison of seven sampling strategies, including random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling (stratified sampling with the strata of land cover classes based on classification product, Latin hypercube sampling, and spatial Latin hypercube sampling), object-oriented sampling, and manual sampling, to explore the impact of training sample distribution on the accuracy of land cover classification when the samples are limited. Five study areas from different climate zones were selected along the China–Mongolia border. Our research identified the proposed object-oriented sampling approach as the first-choice sampling strategy in collecting training samples. This approach improved the diversity and completeness of the training sample set. Stratified sampling with strata defined by the combination of different attributes and stratified sampling with the strata of land cover classes had their limitations, and they performed well in specific situations when we have enough prior knowledge or high-accuracy product. Manual sampling was greatly influenced by the experience of interpreters. All these sampling strategies mentioned above outperformed random sampling and systematic sampling in this study. The results indicate that the sampling strategies of training datasets do have great impacts on the land cover classification accuracies when the sample size is limited. This paper will provide guidance for efficient training sample collection to increase classification accuracies.


CATENA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 105509
Author(s):  
Shuangshuang Shao ◽  
Huan Zhang ◽  
Manman Fan ◽  
Baowei Su ◽  
Jingtao Wu ◽  
...  

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