scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS MAMALIA DIURNAL DI BEBERAPA TIPE HUTAN PADA AREAL IUPHHK-HT PT. HUTAN KETAPANG INDUSTRI KABUPATEN KETAPANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reno Manggala Putra ◽  
Erianto Erianto ◽  
Iswan Dewantara
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Land Clearing ◽  
Diurnal Mammal

Mammals are wild animals that are often considered as pests by the community, even though the existence of mammals has an important role in the preservation of forest ecosystem as soil fertilizers, pollinators, seed dispersers, and biological bugs control. Forest is habitat for flora and fauna, but now the forests in Kalimantan are starting to be degraded caused by land clearing of plantations, illegal logging and infrastructure development. Forest degradation is very influential on forest cover, especially mammals. Land clearing by plantation companies has an impact on the survival of animals and vegetation in the plantation area. Food sources and shelter for mammals is reduced. That makes mammals move to habitats that are good vegetation and ecosystems. This study aims to record the diurnal mammal species and find out the diversity of species of mammals diumal in several forest types in the IUPHHK-HT area of PT.  Hutan Ketapang Industri district Ketapang. This research was conducted on 25 February 2019 until 23 March 2019 to obtain data on species of mammals diumal in a number of forest types in the IUPHHK-HT area of PT. Hutan Ketapang Industri district Ketapang.  The results of this study are expected to provide data and information on the types of diurnal mammals and the diversity of diurnal mammal species in several forest types in the IUPHHK-HT area of PT.  Hutan Ketapang Industri district Ketapang The results of observations in five habitat types were found as many as 8 species belonging to 6 families.  In Kerangas forest 2 species were found with 7 individuals, Peat Swamp forest was found 5 species with 15 individuals, Lowland Dipterocarpa forest was found  7 species with 19 individuals, Riparian forest was found  3 species with 9 individuals. and Open Wetlands / Flood Plains are found  3 species with a number of individuals 11.Keywords: Mammals Diumal, Diversity, Five Habitat Types

Freshwater ichthyofauna of the Pacific-Asia Biodiversity Transect (PABITRA) Gateway in Viti Levu, Fiji

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lekima K. F. Copeland ◽  
David T. Boseto ◽  
Aaron P. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Conservation Assessment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Pacific Asia

The freshwater ichthyofauna of the Fiji islands remained poorly documented before the establishment of the Pacific-Asia Biodiversity Transect (PABITRA) network. The PABITRA approach assesses biodiversity along ocean-to-mountain transects and promotes sustainable land use on islands across the Pacific. Multiple surveys of freshwater fish species along the Viti Levu PABITRA transect have contributed six new occurrence records and one new species to the known freshwater fishes of Fiji since 2002. In total, 21 indigenous species of fish (9% endemic) from 10 families and no introduced fishes were found in the three PABITRA sites. Diversity was highest (16 species) at Savura forest reserve and decreased further inland into Sovi and Wabu. The assemblage found is dominated by highly migratory species (95%) that traverse the different aquatic habitats (marine, estuarine, lowland and upland streams) covered by the PABITRA transect. This high degree of connectivity highlights several growing issues affecting aquatic fauna on the high island of Viti Levu. The reduction in forest cover along the gateway transects, especially in the terminal reaches, and infrastructure development such as dams and weirs have deleterious effects on the migration routes of the Fijian ichthyofauna. Several species collected are important food sources and have cultural totemic importance to local inhabitants along the vertical transect. This paper documents the ichthyofauna of the Fiji gateway transect, ecological characteristics of this assemblage, IUCN Redlist conservation assessment status and highlights factors affecting the fragility and resilience of these communities, particularly focusing on the importance of life-history patterns and watershed conditions.

scholarly journals Deforestation in Belize-What, Where and Why

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hollie Folkard-Tapp
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Habitat Types

AbstractThe tropical forests of Belize are a dynamic environment influenced by much disturbance throughout their natural history. In recent times, logging and agriculture have once more become the dominant drivers of land use change, yet the Belizean forests remain some of the most complete swathes of forest in the region. However, it is largely unknown how the abundance of specific forest types has changed. This study aims to critically assess whether valuable habitat types have been disproportionately affected by deforestation between 1986 and 2018. ENVI Classic 5.5 was used to calculate the NDVI values of Landsat imagery, with values over 0.6 deemed to indicate primary forest. ArcMap 10.6 was used for detecting change in forest cover between 1986 and 2018, in addition to digitising colonial maps. Results show variation in the percentage of forest lost between habitat types, with a bias towards forests fragmented by or replaced by agriculture, particularly in the north and along the Guatemalan border. The protected area network was found overall to have little influence on deforestation, though this varies between reserves. Of the three forest types experiencing the highest percentage of forest loss, only Ensino-Pixoy occurs exclusively outside protected areas. Cohune Santa-Maria and Sapote-Mahogany are found at least partially within protected areas and experience loss within them. Analysis of IUCN ratings of forest species revealed data deficiency, particularly concerning taxa indigenous to Mesoamerica, against which this study recommends further vegetation studies. to allow recommendations for protection of particularly threatened forest types. A review of management strategies in protected areas, especially the Caracol Archaeological Reserve, is necessary to avert the worrying deforestation trends this study has identified. The country-wide deforestation data can be used to advise future forest policy as well as calculation of national carbon stocks or determining integrity of ecosystem services.

WOOD CHARACTERISTICS OF AMAZON FOREST TYPES

IAWA Journal ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.W. Woodcock ◽  
G. Dos Santos ◽  
C. Reynel
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Floodplain Forest ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Vessel Element ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Climate Controls ◽  
Pattern Of Variation

The Tambopata region of the southern Peruvian Amazon supports a high diversity of both woody plants and forest types. Woods collected from low riverside vegetation, floodplain forest, clay-soil forest on an upper terrace, sandy-soil forest, and swamp forest provide an opportunity to test for significant differences in quantitative anatomical characters among forest types. Vessel-element length in floodplain-forest trees is significantly greater than in the other forest types. Specific gravity is lower in the two early-successional associations (low riverine forest and mature floodplain forest). Vessel diameter and density do not show significant differences among forest types and may be responding to overall climate controls. These two characters, however, show a pattern of variation within a transect extending back from the river along a gradient of increasing substrate and forest age; in addition, sites characterized by frequent flooding or presence of standing water lack vessels in the wider-diameter classes. The six characters analyzed show distributions that are, with the exception of wood specific gravity, significantly nonnormally distributed, a consideration that may be important in representing characteristics of assemblages of taxa. The degree of variability seen in some of the quantitative characters shows the importance of either basing analysis on adequate sample sizes or identifying robust indicators that can be used with small samples.

scholarly journals A checklist of the non-acarine arachnids (Chelicerata: Arachnida) of the Ndumo Game Reserve, Maputaland, South Africa

Koedoe ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R. Haddad ◽  
A.S. Dippenaar-Schoeman ◽  
W. Wesołowska
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Acacia Tortilis ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Floodplain Vegetation ◽  
Game Reserve ◽  
Sand Forest ◽  
Fig Tree

Arachnids (Chelicerata: Arachnida) were collected in the Ndumo Game Reserve (Maputaland, South Africa) during 11 collecting trips in the period 2000–2006. Sampling was undertaken by various methods in eight broad habitat types: Acacia tortilis savanna; Acacia xanthophloea (fever tree) forests; deciduous broadleaf woodland; Ficus (wild fig tree) forests; floodplain vegetation; riparian forest; sand forest; and subtropical bush. In total, 457 species of arachnids were collected, representing six orders, 59 families and 240 determined genera. The most diverse order was the Araneae (46 families, 431 spp.), followed by the Pseudoscorpiones (6 families, 12 spp.), Scorpiones (3 families, 8 spp.), Opiliones (2 families, 3 spp.), Solifugae (1 family, 2 spp.) and Amblypygi (a single species). The most diverse families all belonged to the Araneae: Salticidae (82 spp.), Thomisidae (56 spp.) and Araneidae (38 spp.). The spider diversity is the highest recorded from any protected area in South Africa so far, and represents approximately 22 % of the country’s spider fauna. The habitat and guild associations of each species are provided.

scholarly journals Oropendola nest predation and rodent consumption by the black-capped capuchin (Sapajus apella) in the Manu Biosphere Reserve, Peru

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Lee ◽  
Michelle Huang
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Nest Predation ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
First Record ◽  
Foraging Strategy ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Egg Predation ◽  
Sapajus Apella

The Neotropical primate Sapajus apella (Linnaeus, 1758), the black-capped capuchin monkey, is widely distributed across the Amazon basin (Boubli et al., 2020). Capuchins are generalist platyrrhines, occurring in most tropical forest types, where they forage opportunistically (Sabbatini et al., 2008; Lynch Alfaro et al., 2012; Boubli et al., 2020). They exploit a diverse variety of food sources, such as fruit, seeds, arthropods and vertebrate prey including small mammals (Rose, 1997; Resende et al., 2003; Albuquerque et al., 2014). Their foraging strategy is highly resourceful and adaptive, and are often considered as important predators of nests (Canale and Bernardo, 2016), including those of caiman (Torralvo et al., 2017), coatis (Rose, 1997) and especially of birds (Watts, 2020). In this work, we report observations of a foraging event by Sapajus apella that includes the first record of egg predation of the russet-backed oropendola, Psarocolius angustifrons (von Spix, 1824), as well as the predation of arboreal rodents, Oecomys sp. (Thomas, 1906).

scholarly journals Long-Term Trends in Small Mammals on a Right-of-Way in Pennsylvania, U.S.

2007 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Richard Yahner ◽  
Richard Yahner ◽  
Russell Hutnik
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Common Species ◽  
The State ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Live Trapping ◽  
Long Term Trends

The State Game Lands 33 Research and Demonstration Area, Centre County, Pennsylvania, U.S., has been studied since 1953 with the objective of comparing the effectiveness of commonly used mechanical and herbicidal maintenance treatments on vegetation and wildlife on a right-of-way (ROW). Small mammals are important wildlife species on a ROW by consuming tree seeds, thereby reducing invasion of undesirable tree species, and these mammals are important components of a healthy ecosystem. As a follow up to a 2-year study of small mammals conducted 15 years earlier (1989 to 1990) on the State Game Lands 33 ROW, we initiated a 2-year live-trapping study in 2004 on small mammal populations on this ROW. The objectives of our study were to determine relative abundance and species richness (number of species) in six major cover types and in the adjacent forest. One hundred twenty-one individuals of eight species were observed in 2004 and 2005 combined; the most common species was the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus). One of the most important cover types to small mammals on the ROW was forb-grass, whereas the forest cover type tended to be less diverse in terms of number of mammal species than in cover types on the ROW.

scholarly journals The woody flora of Shettihalli Wildlife Sanctuary, central Western Ghats of Karnataka, India - A checklist

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 20033-20055
Author(s):  
Naveen Babu Kanda ◽  
Kurian Ayushi ◽  
Vincy K. Wilson ◽  
Narayanan Ayyappan ◽  
Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy
Keyword(s):  
Western Ghats ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Central Western Ghats ◽  
The Western Ghats

Documenting the biodiversity of protected areas and reserve forests is important to researchers, academicians and forest departments in their efforts to establish policies to protect regional biodiversity. Shettihalli Wildlife Sanctuary (SWS) is an important protected area located in the central Western Ghats of Karnataka state known for its diverse flora and fauna with distinct ecological features. For the last four decades the sanctuary has witnessed the loss of forest cover, yet the vegetation in few locations is relatively undisturbed. The current inventory was undertaken during 2019–2020 to provide a checklist of woody species from SWS under-researched earlier. The list comprises 269 species of trees, lianas and shrubs distributed in 207 genera and 68 families. The most diverse families are Fabaceae, Moraceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, Lauraceae, Apocynaceae, Meliaceae, Malvaceae, Phyllanthaceae, and Anacardiaceae, representing 48% of total woody flora. The sanctuary shelters 263 native and six exotic plant species. Thirty-nine species were endemic to the Western Ghats, five species to peninsular India and one species to the Western Ghats and Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Four forest types, i.e., dry deciduous, moist deciduous, semi-evergreen, and evergreen forests, are represented in the sanctuary. Of the total species, only seven occurred in all forest types, while 111 species are exclusive to a single forest type. One-hundred-and-four taxa were assessed for the International Union for Conservation of Nature & Natural Resources (IUCN) Red List. Ten species that fall under Near Threatened, Vulnerable, and Endangered categories were encountered occasionally. The baseline data generated on plant diversity will be useful in highlighting the importance of these forests for species conservation and forest management. Such data form a cornerstone for further research. For instance, to understand the effect of invasive species and human impacts on the diversity of the region. 

scholarly journals Plant Succession, Ecological Restoration and the Skinks of Stephens Island / Takapourewa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Cielle Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Plant Succession ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Thermal Range ◽  
Tail Loss ◽  
The North ◽  
Occupancy Rates ◽  
The Impact

Ecological restoration often involves revegetation. I have investigated the impact of revegetation on the distribution, abundance and body condition of skinks on Stephens Island (Takapourewa). I tested the prediction that only one, Oligosoma infrapunctatum, of the four skink species (Oligosoma lineoocellatum, O. nigriplantare polychroma, O. infrapunctatum andO. zelandicum) will benefit in terms of abundance and distribution from revegetation. Stephens Island is a Wildlife Sanctuary in the north-western Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand. The island is known for its diverse and abundant reptile community. Prior to the mid 19th century Stephens Island was covered in forest. Nearly 80% of this forest was destroyed following the establishment of a lighthouse and farm on the island in 1894. In 1989, when the control of Stephens Island passed to the Department of Conservation, reforestation became a key conservation goal. Stephens Island is currently a mosaic of different habitat types from pasture to coastal forest. Pitfall traps caught skinks for a mark-recapture study in four replicated habitat types: forest, tussock, pasture and replanted.<br><br>Oligosoma lineoocellatum comprised 75% of all individuals caught. Densities of O. lineoocellatum were higher in replanted habitat (3020/ha in December and 3770/ha in March) than tussock (2690/ha in December and 2560/ha in March) and lowest in the pasture (1740/hain December and 1960/ha in March). Rates of captures were too low to perform density estimates for the other three species. Trap occupancy rates indicate O. nigriplantare polychroma is more common in the tussock habitat, and O. infrapunctatum is more common in the replanted habitat. Few O. zelandicum were found, primarily in the tussock habitat. Pasture areas replanted 13 years ago (now scrub habitat) support a higher diversity and abundance of skinks. Forest areas remain depauperate of skinks. Skink preference for replanted areas suggests that, for now, revegetation benefits their populations, possibly due to greater food sources, lower predation pressure and a wider thermal range.<br><br>Body condition (log weight/ log snout-vent length) and proportion of tail loss of skinks were similar in the different habitat types. However, both O. nigriplantare polychroma and O.lineoocellatum had higher body condition in the replanted than the tussock habitat. Juvenile skinks had significantly lower body condition and a lower proportion of tail loss. Skink body condition was not negatively affected by revegetation or by different habitats, despite the large differences between the habitats. Revegetation currently benefits skink populations. Maintaining a mosaic of habitat types is recommended, because, should revegetation create more forest habitat through plantations or plant succession, it is likely that the population of all four species of skink will decline.<br>

scholarly journals STUDI KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS TUMBUHAN LIANA SEBAGAI SUMBER PAKAN PRIMATA DI STASIUN PENELITIAN CABANG PANTI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG PALUNG

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
. Riduwan ◽  
Hari Prayogo ◽  
Lolyta Sisillia
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Alluvial Soil ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Forest Habitat ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Peat Swamp Forest ◽  
Peat Swamp

Liana is a species of plant that has a way of growing by creeping, spreading, or hanging on its host, but its roots are still attached to the ground. Liana is one of the primate feeds in Cabang Panti Research Station. The riset was conducted from August 15 - September 15 2018 at the Cabang Panti Research Station-Gunung Palung National Park. This riset aims to obtain data on the diversity of liana species and is expected to provide data and information about the diversity of these plant species. The results showed in five habitat types namely the peat swamp forest habitat - freshwater swamps found 79 individuals, alluvial soil found 54 individuals, sandy rocks found 59 individuals, Lowland granite found 56 individuals and highland granite found 38 individuals. The total number of the five habitat types is 286 individuals from 21 genus/species. Keywords: Cabang Panti Research Station, Diversity, Lianas Plants.

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