scholarly journals Multi-proxy records of Mesolithic activity in the Lubuskie Lakeland (western Poland)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Sobkowiak-Tabaka ◽  
Dominik Pawłowski ◽  
Krystyna Milecka ◽  
Lucy Kubiak-Martens ◽  
Robert Kostecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Human Impact ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Plant Macroremains ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
A Site ◽  
Microscopic Charcoal

AbstractThe results of high-resolution records of pollen, plant macroremains and charred plant particles, diatoms, Cladocera and geochemistry from a 14C-dated core, and geomorphological studies enabled the reconstruction of landscape development at a site in western Poland which was occupied by Mesolithic hunter-gatherer groups. Special attention was paid to the evidence of human activities recorded in the sediments of the palaeolake located next to the archaeological site. The presence of pollen types from communities characteristic of openings in the forest, macroscopic/microscopic charcoal, and charred particles of herbaceous plants (mostly from between 5500 and 4600 bc, with clearly visible maxima ca 5300, 4900 and 4700 bc) evidence the changes related to these various kinds of activities. These analyses allowed us to reconstruct the fire events at and around the site as well as to consider whether they originated from natural or human induced fires. The increase in the biogenic sediments of elements such as Na, K and Mg indicate an intensive erosion of mineral soil between 5100 and 4600 bc, mirroring human activity in the vicinity of the Kopanica site. In addition, Cladocera analysis permitted a detailed recognition of palaeolake eutrophication ca 7200–4600 bc, also eutrophication induced by human impact between 5100 and 4600 bc.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Large-Scale, High-Resolution Ground-Penetrating Radar Surveys and Trial Trenching for Archaeological Site Evaluations—A Comparative Study from Two Sites in Norway

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Gustavsen ◽  
Arne Anderson Stamnes ◽  
Silje Elisabeth Fretheim ◽  
Lars Erik Gjerpe ◽  
Erich Nau
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Complementary Method ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
A Site ◽  
Ground Penetrating

The use of large-scale, high-resolution ground-penetrating radar surveys has increasingly become a part of Norwegian cultural heritage management as a complementary method to trial trenching surveys to detect and delineate archaeological sites. The aim of this article is to collect, interpret and compare large-scale, high-resolution ground-penetrating radar (GPR) survey data with results from trial trenching and subsequent large-scale excavations, and to extract descriptive and spatial statistics on detection rates and precision for both evaluation methods. This, in turn, is used to assess the advantages and disadvantages of both conventional, intrusive methods and large-scale GPR surveys. Neither method proved to be flawless, and while the trial trenching had a better overall detection rate, organic and charcoal rich features were nearly just as easily detected by both methods. Similarly, the spatial representability was similar, even though the total detection rates were lower with the GPR. This can be used as an argument in advance of integrating full-coverage GPR results into a site evaluation scheme, preferably in combination with other methods. Overall, these analyses have highlighted drawbacks and possibilities in both methods that are important contributions in understanding how to use them and integrate them in future site evaluations.

Mapping and Monitoring of the Land Use/Cover Changes in the Wider Area of ltanos, Crete, Using Very High Resolution EO Imagery With Specific Interest in Archaeological Sites

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawyer Reid stippa ◽  
George Petropoulos ◽  
Leonidas Toulios ◽  
Prashant K. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Digital Photography ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Large Area ◽  
High Resolution Imagery ◽  
Site Mapping ◽  
Rule Sets

Archaeological site mapping is important for both understanding the history as well as protecting them from excavation during the developmental activities. As archaeological sites generally spread over a large area, use of high spatial resolution remote sensing imagery is becoming increasingly applicable in the world. The main objective of this study was to map the land cover of the Itanos area of Crete and of its changes, with specific focus on the detection of the landscape’s archaeological features. Six satellite images were acquired from the Pleiades and WorldView-2 satellites over a period of 3 years. In addition, digital photography of two known archaeological sites was used for validation. An Object Based Image Analysis (OBIA) classification was subsequently developed using the five acquired satellite images. Two rule-sets were created, one using the standard four bands which both satellites have and another for the two WorldView-2 images their four extra bands included. Validation of the thematic maps produced from the classification scenarios confirmed a difference in accuracy amongst the five images. Comparing the results of a 4-band rule-set versus the 8-band showed a slight increase in classification accuracy using extra bands. The resultant classifications showed a good level of accuracy exceeding 70%. Yet, separating the archaeological sites from the open spaces with little or no vegetation proved challenging. This was mainly due to the high spectral similarity between rocks and the archaeological ruins. The satellite data spatial resolution allowed for the accuracy in defining larger archaeological sites, but still was a difficulty in distinguishing smaller areas of interest. The digital photography data provided a very good 3D representation for the archaeological sites, assisting as well in validating the satellite-derived classification maps. All in all, our study provided further evidence that use of high resolution imagery may allow for archaeological sites to be located, but only where they are of a suitable size archaeological features.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) time-lapse monitoring of the instability processes affecting Varano Hill: A case study of the ancient Roman site of Villa Arianna

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Somma ◽  
Alfredo Trocciola ◽  
Daniele Spizzichino ◽  
Alessandro Fedele ◽  
Gabriele Leoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Slope Instability ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Slope Instabilities

<p>The archaeological site of Villa Arianna - located on Varano Hill, south of Vesuvius - offer tantalizing information regarding first-century AD resilience to hydrogeological risk. Additionally, the site provides an important test case for mitigation efforts of current and future geo-hazard. Villa Arianna, notable in particular for its wall frescoes, is part of a complex of Roman villas built between 89 BC and AD 79 in the ancient coastal resort area of Stabiae. This villa complex is located on a morphological terrace that separates the ruins from the present-day urban center of Castellammare di Stabia. The Varano hill is formed of alternating pyroclastic deposits, from the Vesuvius Complex, and alluvial sediments, from the Sarno River. The area, in AD 79, was completely covered by PDCs from the Plinian eruption of Vesuvius. Due to the geomorphological structure the slope is prone to slope instability phenomena that are mainly represented by earth and debris flows, usually triggered by heavy rainfall. The susceptibility is worsened by changes in hydraulic and land-use conditions mainly caused by lack of maintenance of mitigation works. Villa Arianna is the subject of a joint pilot project of the INGV-ENEA-ISPRA that includes non-invasive monitoring techniques such as the use of UAVs to study the areas of the slope at higher risk of instability. The project, in particular, seeks to implement innovative mitigation solutions that are non-destructive to the cultural heritage. UAVs represent the fastest way to produce high-resolution 3D models of large sites and allow archaeologists to collect accurate spatial data that can be used for 3D GIS analyses. Through this pilot project, we have used detailed 3D models and high-resolution ortho-images for new analyses and documentation of the site and to map the slope instabilities that threatens the Villa Arianna site. Through multi-temporal analyses of different data acquisitions, we intend to define the detailed morphological evolution of the entire Varano slope. These analyses will allow us to highlight priority areas for future low-impact mitigation interventions.</p>

scholarly journals UAV Mapping of an Archaeological Site Using RGB and NIR High-Resolution Data

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Koucká ◽  
Veronika Kopačková ◽  
Kateřina Fárová ◽  
Martin Gojda
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
Resolution Data

scholarly journals VARDA (VArved sediments DAtabase) – providing and connecting proxy data from annually laminated lake sediments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Ramisch ◽  
Alexander Brauser ◽  
Mario Dorn ◽  
Cecile Blanchet ◽  
Brian Brademann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Proxy Data ◽  
Varved Sediments ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
Data Compilation ◽  
Varved Lake Sediments

Abstract. Varved lake sediments provide long climatic records with high temporal resolution and low associated age uncertainty. Robust and detailed comparison of well-dated and annually laminated sediment records is crucial for reconstructing abrupt and regionally time-transgressive changes as well as validation of spatial and temporal trajectories of past climatic changes. The VARved sediments DAtabase (VARDA) presented here is the first data compilation for varve chronologies and associated palaeoclimatic proxy records. The current version 1.0 allows detailed comparison of published varve records from 95 lakes. VARDA is freely accessible and was created to assess outputs from climate models with high-resolution terrestrial palaeoclimatic proxies. VARDA additionally provides a technical environment that enables to explore the database of varved lake sediments using a connected data-model and can generate a state-of-the-art graphic representation of multi-site comparison. This allows to reassess existing chronologies and tephra events to synchronize and compare even distant varved lake records. Furthermore, the present version of VARDA permits to explore varve thickness data. In this paper, we report in detail on the data mining and compilation strategies for the identification of varved lakes and assimilation of high-resolution chronologies as well as the technical infrastructure of the database. Additional paleoclimate proxy data will be provided in forthcoming updates. The VARDA graph-database and user interface can be accessed online at https://varve.gfz-potsdam.de, all datasets of version 1.0 are available at http://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.4.3.2019.003 (Ramisch et al., 2019).

scholarly journals La reconstrucción virtual del palacio andalusí de Onda (Castellón): Arquitectura y Territorio

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidel Garrido Carretero
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Ongoing Study ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Regional Context ◽  
Poor State ◽  
Virtual Reconstruction ◽  
Hard Evidence ◽  
A Site ◽  
Original Configuration

<p>This paper presents the virtual reconstruction of the Islamic palace of Onda (Castellón), a site where recent excavations have brought to light an important set of structures dating from the 11th century. Its poor state of preservation allowed a fairly complete reading of the palace plan but there was no hard evidence regarding its elevations. In the context of an ongoing study of the site, a virtual reconstruction of the palace was undertaken in order to facilitate the process of trial and error involved in figuring out its original configuration. A method devised to test reconstructive hypotheses on an active archaeological site is presented, followed by a discussion of results that encompasses the architecture and the urban and regional context of the site.</p>

scholarly journals Epitope-resolved profiling of the SARS-CoV-2 antibody response identifies cross-reactivity with an endemic human CoV

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason T Ladner ◽  
Sierra N Henson ◽  
Annalee S Boyle ◽  
Anna L Engelbrektson ◽  
Zane W Fink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Nucleocapsid Proteins ◽  
Human Coronaviruses ◽  
A Site ◽  
Antibody Epitopes

AbstractA high-resolution understanding of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 is important for the design of effective diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics. However, SARS-CoV-2 antibody epitopes remain largely uncharacterized, and it is unknown whether and how the response may cross-react with related viruses. Here, we use a multiplexed peptide assay (‘PepSeq’) to generate an epitope-resolved view of reactivity across all human coronaviruses. PepSeq accurately detects SARS-CoV-2 exposure and resolves epitopes across the Spike and Nucleocapsid proteins. Two of these represent recurrent reactivities to conserved, functionally-important sites in the Spike S2 subunit, regions that we show are also targeted for the endemic coronaviruses in pre-pandemic controls. At one of these sites, we demonstrate that the SARS-CoV-2 response strongly and recurrently cross-reacts with the endemic virus hCoV-OC43. Our analyses reveal new diagnostic and therapeutic targets, including a site at which SARS-CoV-2 may recruit common pre-existing antibodies and with the potential for broadly-neutralizing responses.

scholarly journals Benthic foraminifera as ecological indicators in the Tunda Island Waters, Serang District, Banten Province, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
ISNI NURRUHWATI ◽  
FACHRI ARDIANSYAH ◽  
YUNIARTI ◽  
LINTANG PERMATA SARI YULIADI ◽  
Ruhyat Partasasmita
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Ecological Indicators ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Benthic Foraminifers ◽  
A Site

Abstract. Nurruhwati I, Ardiansyah F, Yuniarti, Yuliadi LPS, Partasasmita R. 2020. Benthic foraminifera as ecological indicators in the Tunda Island Waters Serang District, Banten Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3142-3148. Coral reef communities all across Southeast Asia are experiencing intense pressures from extensive tourism and massive coastal development. A prediction regarding coral reefs’ capacity to recover is a necessity since it is constantly exposed to damaging events such as mass bleaching and increased erosion. Tunda Island (which is highly rich in biodiversity and include coral reefs, mangrove forests, seagrass, and algae meadows) was sampled at 10 different sites in August 2019. Coral reefs are highly influenced by ecological factors such as temperature variability, salinity, DO, and pH. The assessments were conducted using the FORAM Index (FI) to accurately predict the capacity of coral reefs to recover based on relative abundances of symbiont-bearing larger benthic foraminifera in reef sediments. The FI values ranged from 3.7 to 7.9 with a median of 4.7 and the average of 5 indicates that the water quality should support the recovery of reefs by reef-building corals and symbiont-bearing larger benthic foraminifers. The lowest FI value sampled was recorded from a site with extensive human activities (FI=3.4), while the highest one was recorded from a site with minimal to none human activities (FI=7.9), which indicates that the deterioration of water quality is caused by wastes from tourism activities near the coastal area.

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