scholarly journals Protein expression pattern of calcium-responsive transactivator in early postnatal and adult testes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Du ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Zhaoshuang Jiao ◽  
Gaochun Zhu ◽  
Ting Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spermatogenic Cells ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Regulation Of Cell Cycle

AbstractCalcium-responsive transactivator (CREST), a nuclear protein highly expressed in postmitotic neurons, is involved in the regulation of cell cycle, differentiation and dendritic development of neuronal cells. Its mRNA has been detected in the testis of adult rat, whilst its protein expression and distribution pattern in the testis remain to be elucidated. In this study, we examined the distribution of CREST in the adult testes of both rats and human as well as the expression pattern of CREST in the testes of postnatal developing rats. In the adult testes of both human and rats, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that CREST was selectively distributed in the mature Sertoli cells but not in the spermatogenic cells. In the testes of postnatal developmental rats, CREST was expressed not only in Sertoli cells but also in the gonocytes and spermatogenic cells at the initial stage of spermatogenic cell differentiation. CREST immunoreactivity continued to increase in Sertoli cells during differentiation, reaching its peak in adulthood. However, CREST immunostaining intensity dramatically decreased as the spermatogenic cells differentiate, disappearing in the post-differentiation stage. Furthermore, Brg1 and p300, two CREST-interacting proteins ubiquitously expressed in the body, are found to be colocalized with CREST in the spermatogenic epithelial cells including Sertoli cells. The unique expression pattern of CREST in developing testis suggests that CREST might play regulatory roles in the differentiation of spermatogenic epithelial cells. The Sertoli cell-specific expression of CREST in the adulthood hints that CREST might be a novel biomarker for the mature Sertoli cells.

scholarly journals Culture patterns and sorting of rat Sertoli cell secretory proteins

1988 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-188
Author(s):  
H. Ueda ◽  
L.L. Tres ◽  
A.L. Kierszenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Sertoli Cell ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Secretory Proteins ◽  
Spermatogenic Cells ◽  
Squamous Cells ◽  
Nylon Mesh ◽  
Continuous Sheet ◽  
Peritubular Cells ◽  
Cells Cultured

A cocultivation chamber and two types of permeable substrates have been used to study: (1) the culture patterns of rat Sertoli and peritubular cells, and Sertoli cells cocultured with spermatogenic cells or peritubular cells; and (2) the polarized secretion of Sertoli cell-specific proteins transferrin, S70 and S45-S35 heterodimeric protein. Substrates included a nylon mesh (with openings of 100 micron) coated with extracellular matrix (ECM) material and an uncoated microporous filter (with pores of 0.45 micron). Sertoli cells cultured on ECM-coated nylon mesh organized a continuous sheet of multilayered epithelial cells essentially devoid of spermatogenic cells while peritubular cells formed a layer of squamous cells. Sertoli cells cultured on uncoated microporous substrate formed a continuous sheet of cuboidal epithelial cells with numerous basal cytoplasmic processes projecting into the substrate and abundant apically located spermatogenic cells, while peritubular cells organized one or two layers of loose squamous cells. [35S]methionine-labelled secretory proteins resolved by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography displayed cell-specific patterns that were slightly influenced by the type of substrate. Sertoli cells cocultured with peritubular cells on uncoated microporous substrate under conditions that enabled separation of apical and basal surfaces, secreted proteins in a polarized fashion. While transferrin was released bidirectionally, S45-S35 heterodimeric protein was released apically. S70 was detected in both apical and basal compartments. We conclude from these studies that: (1) the number of spermatogenic cells decreases when Sertoli-spermatogenic cell cocultures are prepared on ECM-coated nylon substrate; and (2) Sertoli cells in coculture with spermatogenic or peritubular cells on uncoated microporous substrate, organize continuous sheets displaying polarized protein secretion.

Ciliated epithelial-specific and regional-specific expression and regulation of the estrogen receptor-β2 in the fallopian tubes of immature rats: a possible mechanism for estrogen-mediated transport process in vivo

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (1) ◽  
pp. E147-E158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruijin Shao ◽  
Birgitta Weijdegård ◽  
Julia Fernandez-Rodriguez ◽  
Emil Egecioglu ◽  
Changlian Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Transport Process ◽  
Intracellular Localization ◽  
Confocal Imaging ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Ciliated Epithelial Cells

Several ERβ isoforms have been identified in human and rodent tissues, but it is unclear whether each isoform has distinctly different cellular targeting characteristics and physiological functions. We have investigated the intracellular localization and regulatory patterns for ERβ isoforms in rat fallopian tubes. Western blot analysis reveals that two ERβ isoforms corresponding to ERβ1 and ERβ2 are expressed in rat fallopian tubes. However, ERβ2 is the predominant form of ERβ in this tissue. High-resolution confocal imaging and immunohistochemical analysis provide ample evidence that ERβ expression is limited almost exclusively to the ciliated epithelial cells, in contrast to ERα, which is widely distributed. Furthermore, within the ciliated epithelial cells, ERβ is colocalized with β-tubulin IV at stem portion of the cilia. We show that ERβ2 protein expression is tightly regulated by E2 or DPN in a time-dependent manner without changes in ERβ1 expression. These estrogenic effects are inhibited by an ER antagonist, ICI 182,780. In addition, significant alteration of ERβ immunoreactivity is detected only histologically in the ampullary region. Since the cilia are considered an essential determinant of tubal transport, we further demonstrate that E2- or DPN-induced ERβ2 activation is associated with alterations in tubal protein expression crucial for the regulation of calcium-dependent ciliary beating. Given the coordinated regulation and interaction of ER and progesterone receptor in the cilia, we hypothesize that tubal ERβ2 may facilitate the estrogen-mediated transport process by processing protein-protein interaction under physiological and/or pathological conditions. We show for the first time that a previously unrecognized localization of ERβ isoform in rat fallopian tubes can combine with estrogen to individually control the expression of ER β-isoforms in normal target tissues.

scholarly journals Differential expression of p160 steroid receptor coactivators in the rat testis and epididymis

2005 ◽  
Vol 153 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Igarashi-Migitaka ◽  
Akira Takeshita ◽  
Noriyuki Koibuchi ◽  
Shozo Yamada ◽  
Ritsuko Ohtani-Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Rat Testis ◽  
Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Cell Type Specific Expression

Objective: Androgens are critical for the development and maintenance of male sexual characteristics. Their action is mediated through the androgen receptor (AR). Ligand-bound AR interacts with coactivator proteins that mediate transcriptional activation. Such coactivators include three members of the 160 kDa proteins (p160s): SRC-1, TIF2/GRIP1, and p/CIP/RAC3/ACTR/AIB1/TRAM-1. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the three p160 coactivators and their association with AR in testis and epididymis. Methods: We determined the localization of these three p160 coactivators in immature and mature rat testis, and epididymis by immunohistochemistry using the specific monoclonal antibodies. We also performed double immunofluorescence staining to examine whether p160s are colocalized with AR in these tissues. Results: In seminiferous tubules of mature rat testis, SRC-1 and TRAM-1 immunoreactivity was found predominantly in spermatogonia and spermatocytes. In contrast, TIF2 was expressed predominantly in Sertoli cells. AR was coexpressed with TIF2 in this cell type. In immature rat testis, however, all three coactivators were expressed in both germ cells and Sertoli cells. In the epididymis, SRC-1 and TIF2 immunoreactivities were localized in nuclei of epithelial cells. However, TRAM-1 immunostaining was observed in the luminal portion of the cytoplasm with greater intensity than in the nucleus, especially in the caput epididymidis. Conclusions: The cell-type-specific expression of p160 coactivators suggests specific roles in male reproductive organs. Further, the strong cytoplasmic localization of TRAM-1 protein in epithelial cells of epididymis suggests that TRAM-1 may have additional role(s) in transcriptional regulation.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemistry for (Pro)renin Receptor in Humans

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Satoshi Morimoto ◽  
Noriko Morishima ◽  
Daisuke Watanabe ◽  
Yoichiro Kato ◽  
Noriyuki Shibata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Human Organ ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Almost All

The (pro)renin receptor is a multifunctional protein with roles in angiotensin-II-dependent and -independent intracellular cell signaling and roles as an intracellular accessory protein for the vacuolar H+-ATPase, including hormone secretion. While (pro)renin receptor mRNA is widely expressed in various human tissues, localization of (pro)renin receptor protein expression has not yet been systemically determined. Therefore, this study localized (pro)renin receptor protein expression in human organs. Systemic immunohistochemical examination of (pro)renin receptor expression was performed in whole body organs of autopsy cases. (Pro)renin receptor immunostaining was observed in the cytoplasm of cells in almost all human organs. It was observed in thyroid follicular epithelial cells, hepatic cells, pancreatic duct epithelial cells, zona glomerulosa and zona reticularis of the cortex and medulla of the adrenal gland, proximal and distal tubules and collecting ducts of the kidney, cardiomyocytes, and skeletal muscle cells. In the brain, (pro)renin receptor staining was detected in neurons throughout all areas, especially in the medulla oblongata, paraventricular nucleus and supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus, cerebrum, granular layer of the hippocampus, Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum, and the pituitary anterior and posterior lobes. In the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, all types of anterior pituitary hormone-positive cells showed double staining with (pro)renin receptor. These data showed that (pro)renin receptor protein was expressed in almost all organs of the human body. Its expression pattern was not uniform, and cell-specific expression pattern was observed, supporting the notion that (pro)renin receptor plays numerous physiological roles in each human organ.

scholarly journals Effects of the shed skin aqueous extract of the non-poisonous snake, Ptyas mucosus (Linnaeus, 1758) on the development of the ovotestis of Onchidium tigrinum (Stoliczka 1869) (Systellommatophora: Eupulmonata: Gastropoda)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SOUMEN ROY ◽  
Saumita Ghosh ◽  
Narayan Ghorai ◽  
Samir Saha ◽  
Subir Dasgupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Spermatogenic Cells

Abstract The snake shed skin has long been used in folk as ethnomedicine for the treatment of various therapeutic purposes. The present study investigates the effects of the shed skin aqueous extract (SSAE) of the nonpoisonous snake Ptyas mucosus on the development of the ovotestis of the hermaphrodite slug, Onchidium tigrinum. The ovotestis consists of numerous ovoid-shaped acini, include both spermatogenesis and oogenesis. It is observed that the nonpoisonous SSAE has some significant detrimental effects on the gametogenesis of the slug only on direct contact into the body fluid of the individuals, otherwise, the SSAE has no significant harmful effect on the ovotestis constituents. The most noticeable pathological effects in spermatogenesis are - the arrangement of developing sperm bundles and their typical twisting pattern have deteriorated, the head of the sperm become a small bead-like structure, the pyramidal development of the spermatogenic cells is lower in number in the acini. On the other hand, the oocyte lost its basal integrity with the acinar boundary. The oolemma of the oocytes becomes irregularly shrank. Some small ooplasmic blebbing have commonly been found near the oolemma. The cell membrane of most of the cells in the acini has been damaged and several bare nuclei have frequently been observed in the acinar space. The somatic cells such as Sertoli cells, follicle cells, etc. in the acini appeared as the cellular remnants. It advocates that the SSAE has more detrimental effects on the oogenic cells than that of the spermatogenic cells in the mollusc.

scholarly journals Stage-specific expression of RESP18 in the testes.

1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1489-1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
M R Schiller ◽  
D N Darlington
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Prohormone Convertase ◽  
Northern Blots ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence Staining ◽  
Dopaminergic Regulation

RESP18 (regulated endocrine-specific protein of 18 KD) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein that was identified by coordinate dopaminergic regulation with pro-opiomelanocortin in the rat neurointermediate pituitary. Many attributes of RESP18 suggest an important function in neuroendocrine cells. Several neuropeptides, growth factors, and enzymes involved in biosynthesis of classical chemical neurotransmitters, have been identified in germ cells, Sertoli cells, and spermatozoa. In this study, screening of reproductive tissues revealed high levels of RESP18 protein and mRNA in the testes but not in ovaries or epididymis. The testes and sperm expressed 18-KD RESP18 and a unique 19-KD isoform. To better understand RESP18 expression in the testes, we have examined the stages of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that RESP18 protein was expressed exclusively in spermatocytes and maturing spermatids. RESP18 protein was expressed at high levels in Step 1-8 round spermatids, in which the PC4 prohormone convertase, nerve growth factor, and proenkephalin are also expressed. Western blots, Northern blots, and indirect immunofluorescence staining demonstrated RESP18 expression in sperm.

Effects of hypophysectomy on the testis and secondary sex characters of the adult guppy Poecilia reticulata Peters

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 775-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Red Pigments ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Time Of Operation ◽  
Secondary Sex Characters

Hypophysectomy of the adult guppy causes marked regression in the testis, completely blocks mitosis in the spermatogonia, and prevents their transformation into spermatocytes. However, spermatocytes, spermatids, and sperm already present in the testis at the time of operation develop into spermatophores. The spermatophores rupture after 8 weeks and the resulting sperm are phagocytosed within the sperm ducts. The epithelial cells lining the sperm ducts, the Sertoli cells, and the interstitial cells regress. Of two particularly well-differentiated secondary sex characters, the gonopodium (modified anal fin) remains unaffected, while the patches of bright lipophores (yellow and red pigments) present on the sides of the body become faint or entirely disappear.

scholarly journals Common immunophenotypic features of submandibular salivary glands and thymus in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 270-277
Author(s):  
Ivan Dozic ◽  
Tatjana Todorovic ◽  
Miodrag Colic
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thymic Epithelial Cells ◽  
Submandibular Salivary Gland ◽  
Phenotypic Similarity ◽  
Submandibular Salivary Glands

Introduction. Submandibular salivary gland is a part of the neuro-immune-endocrine system. It contains biological factors which regulate a number of functions in the body including the modulation of thymus function. Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate immunophenotypic characteristics of submandibular salivary glands of rats during ontogenesis, using the panels of monoclonal antibodies and to compare with the phenotypic characteristics of epithelial components of the thymus. Methods. Submandibular salivary glands and thymus were obtained from 1, 30 and 60 days old male AO (Albino, Oxford) rats. Streptavidin-biotin peroxidase method was used for staining. Results. Immunohistochemical analysis of rat submandibular salivary glands showed phenotypic heterogeneity of particular components of this gland during the postnatal development. We demonstrated that rat submandibular salivary glands share common antigens with rat thymic epithelial cells, but the observed phenotypic similarity between the individual regions was considered much more significant. Our data showed that the phenotypic similarity between duct epithelial cells and subcapsular epithelial cells and most medullary cells, whereas cortical epithelial cells are phenotypically similar to acinar cells. Conclusion. This immunohistological study showed phenotypic complexity of the submandibular salivary gland and similarity to the thymus that opens new perspectives in studying phenotypic similarities between this gland and lymphatic organs.

Concordant Androgen-Regulated Expression of Divergent Rhox5 Promoters in Sertoli Cells

Endocrinology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjana Bhardwaj ◽  
Abhishek Sohni ◽  
Chih-Hong Lou ◽  
Karel De Gendt ◽  
Fanmao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Homeobox Gene ◽  
Proximal Promoter ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Alternative Promoters ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Specific Expression Pattern

Abstract Concordant transcriptional regulation can generate multiple gene products that collaborate to achieve a common goal. Here we report a case of concordant transcriptional regulation that instead drives a single protein to be produced in the same cell type from divergent promoters. This gene product—the RHOX5 homeobox transcription factor—is translated from 2 different mRNAs with different 5′ untranslated regions (UTRs) transcribed from alternative promoters. Despite the fact that these 2 promoters—the proximal promoter (Pp) and the distal promoter (Pd)—exhibit different patterns of tissue-specific activity, share no obvious sequence identity, and depend on distinct transcription factors for expression, they exhibit a remarkably similar expression pattern in the testes. In particular, both depend on androgen signaling for expression in the testes, where they are specifically expressed in Sertoli cells and have a similar stage-specific expression pattern during the seminiferous epithelial cycle. We report evidence for 3 mechanisms that collaborate to drive concordant Pp/Pd expression. First, both promoters have an intrinsic ability to respond to androgen receptor and androgen. Second, the Pp acts as an enhancer to promote androgen-dependent transcription from the Pd. Third, Pd transcription is positively autoregulated by the RHOX5 protein, which is first produced developmentally from the Pp. Together, our data support a model in which the Rhox5 homeobox gene evolved multiple mechanisms to activate both of its promoters in Sertoli cells to produce Rhox5 in an androgen-dependent manner during different phases of spermatogenesis.

scholarly journals Electron Microscopic Observations on Mitochondria of Rat Testes Fixed in Potassium Permanganate

1960 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Zebrun ◽  
Hilton H. Mollenhauer
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Structural Difference ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Morphological Investigation ◽  
Spermatogenic Cells ◽  
Mitochondrial Membranes ◽  
Electron Microscopic

A morphological investigation of mitochondria within the seminal epithelial cells of rat testes fixed in potassium permanganate reveals differences in electron opacity between the internal mitochondrial membranes of spermatogenic cells and those of Sertoli cells. Some interpretations of the apparent density differences are briefly discussed. It is concluded that the different effects of permanganate fixation upon the mitochondria of these cell types may reflect a significant structural difference between them.

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