scholarly journals Effects of the shed skin aqueous extract of the non-poisonous snake, Ptyas mucosus (Linnaeus, 1758) on the development of the ovotestis of Onchidium tigrinum (Stoliczka 1869) (Systellommatophora: Eupulmonata: Gastropoda)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SOUMEN ROY ◽  
Saumita Ghosh ◽  
Narayan Ghorai ◽  
Samir Saha ◽  
Subir Dasgupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Spermatogenic Cells

Abstract The snake shed skin has long been used in folk as ethnomedicine for the treatment of various therapeutic purposes. The present study investigates the effects of the shed skin aqueous extract (SSAE) of the nonpoisonous snake Ptyas mucosus on the development of the ovotestis of the hermaphrodite slug, Onchidium tigrinum. The ovotestis consists of numerous ovoid-shaped acini, include both spermatogenesis and oogenesis. It is observed that the nonpoisonous SSAE has some significant detrimental effects on the gametogenesis of the slug only on direct contact into the body fluid of the individuals, otherwise, the SSAE has no significant harmful effect on the ovotestis constituents. The most noticeable pathological effects in spermatogenesis are - the arrangement of developing sperm bundles and their typical twisting pattern have deteriorated, the head of the sperm become a small bead-like structure, the pyramidal development of the spermatogenic cells is lower in number in the acini. On the other hand, the oocyte lost its basal integrity with the acinar boundary. The oolemma of the oocytes becomes irregularly shrank. Some small ooplasmic blebbing have commonly been found near the oolemma. The cell membrane of most of the cells in the acini has been damaged and several bare nuclei have frequently been observed in the acinar space. The somatic cells such as Sertoli cells, follicle cells, etc. in the acini appeared as the cellular remnants. It advocates that the SSAE has more detrimental effects on the oogenic cells than that of the spermatogenic cells in the mollusc.

To the question of corporeal experience in Bernard Tschumi’s theory of architecture

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vladimirovna Petrushikhina
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Internal Space ◽  
Architectural Space ◽  
Sensory Experiences ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One

The subject of this research is the theoretical works of Bernard Tschumi. The goal is to determine the place of the problem of corporeal experience in the theory of architecture of developed by the Swiss architect. For achieving the set goal, the author examines the key themes of his works –  the question of boundaries and limits of architecture, architecture as the place of occurrence of the event; as well as a number of concepts – “pleasure”, “limits”, “violence”. The texts created by Bernard Tschumi over the period from 1977 to 1981: “The Pleasure of Architecture” (1977), the article “Violence of Architecture” (1981), and a series of essays “Architecture and Limits” (1980–1981) served as the sources for this analysis. B. Tschumi did not dedicate works to the problem of corporeal experience alone; however, addresses this problem in the context of interaction between the audience and the building. His attention is focused on the viewer’s sensory experiences emerging in direct contact with the architectural object. On the one hand, this apposes B. Tschumi with the representatives of the phenomenology of architecture – S. Hall and J. Pallasmaa; all of them emphasizes the kinesthetic, nonverbal nature of corporeal experience in the perception of structures, their internal space and materials. On the other hand, B. Tschumi describes the relations between the body and the building as violent. Violence in the relations between man and architecture is ubiquitous: it is the interference of of a person into the architectural space, as well as feeling of discomfort provoked by the architectural space.

IV.—Period of Survival of the Shore-Crab (Carcinus mænas) in Distilled Water

1919 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Robert K. S. Lim
Keyword(s):  
Body Fluid ◽  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Shore Crab ◽  
Moult Cycle ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Constant Percentage

SUMMARY1. The period of survival in distilled water is shortest with post-moult crabs, longer with pre-moult, and longest with inter-moult.2. Further, a relatively constant percentage of salts is lost, irrespective of size; hence one of the determining factors in survival is the rate of loss of these salts. The other factor is the rate of osmosis of water, causing œdema.3. With regard to the moult cycle, the concentration of the blood and the structure of the membranes are seemingly little altered, but the amount of calcium in the latter varies with moult-age, being least in post-moult and most in inter-moult membranes.4. It is concluded, that the higher the percentage of calcium, the less permeable are the membranes and the longer is the duration of survival.5. Œdema and loss of salts naturally disturb the tonicity equilibrium of the body fluid, and thus cause death.

scholarly journals IMPORTANCE OF AHAR AND AGNI IN MAINTENANCE FOR HEALTHY LIFE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2247-2252
Author(s):  
Priti Pragat Gahukar ◽  
Vedprakash Gahukar
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Treatment Period ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Tissue Metabolism ◽  
Therapeutic Value

The body is the outcome of food. Even so, the disease is the outcome of food. The distinction between ease and disease arises on account of wholesome nutrition or the lack of it respectively. Food is the factor that sustains and supports the Deha Dhatus, Ojas, Bala and Varna. Ayurved is mainly based on preventive aspects first than cura- tive. Food is considered as the first pillar among the Nidra(Sleep) and Brahmacharya being the other two. Food is important as a nutritional source, also with therapeutic value. It also plays a very important role during the post- treatment period in regaining the diminished strength due to the harmful effect of the disease. Ayurveda gives immense importance to Pathya Ahar in the words" without the use of Pathyakar Ahar medicines is of no use and if Pathyakar Ahar is taken there is no need of other medicines." This food depends upon Agni to contribute to the nourishment of the body. The body elements or Sharira Dhatus cannot be nourished and developed when food is not properly digested by Agni. Ayurveda considers Dehagni as a cause of life, complexion, strength, health, lus- tre, Oja, Teja, nourishment and Prana. As per Acharya Charak, Agni is divided into 13 types i.e. one Jatharagni, five Bhutagni and seven Dhatvagni. Jatharagni (Digestive power) is directly related to Dhatvagni or bioenergy in the cells and their metabolic processes, with ultimate tissue metabolism or Dhatu Nirmana Processes. All thenormal functions of Dhatu, Upadhatu and Mala in the body all are directly dependent on the health status of Agni. Thus, Pathyakar Ahar and Agni play an important role in the maintenance of healthy life. Keywords: Ahar, Agni, Jatharagnii, Hair, Kesha

scholarly journals Protein expression pattern of calcium-responsive transactivator in early postnatal and adult testes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Du ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Zhaoshuang Jiao ◽  
Gaochun Zhu ◽  
Ting Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spermatogenic Cells ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Regulation Of Cell Cycle

AbstractCalcium-responsive transactivator (CREST), a nuclear protein highly expressed in postmitotic neurons, is involved in the regulation of cell cycle, differentiation and dendritic development of neuronal cells. Its mRNA has been detected in the testis of adult rat, whilst its protein expression and distribution pattern in the testis remain to be elucidated. In this study, we examined the distribution of CREST in the adult testes of both rats and human as well as the expression pattern of CREST in the testes of postnatal developing rats. In the adult testes of both human and rats, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that CREST was selectively distributed in the mature Sertoli cells but not in the spermatogenic cells. In the testes of postnatal developmental rats, CREST was expressed not only in Sertoli cells but also in the gonocytes and spermatogenic cells at the initial stage of spermatogenic cell differentiation. CREST immunoreactivity continued to increase in Sertoli cells during differentiation, reaching its peak in adulthood. However, CREST immunostaining intensity dramatically decreased as the spermatogenic cells differentiate, disappearing in the post-differentiation stage. Furthermore, Brg1 and p300, two CREST-interacting proteins ubiquitously expressed in the body, are found to be colocalized with CREST in the spermatogenic epithelial cells including Sertoli cells. The unique expression pattern of CREST in developing testis suggests that CREST might play regulatory roles in the differentiation of spermatogenic epithelial cells. The Sertoli cell-specific expression of CREST in the adulthood hints that CREST might be a novel biomarker for the mature Sertoli cells.

Flagellar Attachment in Selected Trypanosomes

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 496-497
Author(s):  
J. J. Paulin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Lateral Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Flagellar Pocket ◽  
Integral Component ◽  
Free Flagellum ◽  
Flagellar Axoneme

Movement in epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of trypanosomes is accomplished by planar sinusoidal beating of the anteriorly directed flagellum and associated undulating membrane. The flagellum emerges from a bottle-shaped depression, the flagellar pocket, opening on the lateral surface of the cell. The limiting cell membrane envelopes not only the body of the trypanosome but is continuous with and insheathes the flagellar axoneme forming the undulating membrane. In some species a paraxial rod parallels the axoneme from its point of emergence at the flagellar pocket and is an integral component of the undulating membrane. A portion of the flagellum may extend beyond the anterior apex of the cell as a free flagellum; the length is variable in different species of trypanosomes.

Annulate lamellae in the Sertoli cells of guinea pig testis after unilateral torsion of the spermatic cord

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 196-197
Author(s):  
J. Chakraborty ◽  
A. P. Sinha Hikim ◽  
J. S. Jhunjhunwala
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Spermatic Cord ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Spermatogenic Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Structural Details ◽  
First Time

Although the presence of annulate lamellae was noted in many cell types, including the rat spermatogenic cells, this structure was never reported in the Sertoli cells of any rodent species. The present report is based on a part of our project on the effect of torsion of the spermatic cord to the contralateral testis. This paper describes for the first time, the fine structural details of the annulate lamellae in the Sertoli cells of damaged testis from guinea pigs.One side of the spermatic cord of each of six Hartly strain adult guinea pigs was surgically twisted (540°) under pentobarbital anesthesia (1). Four months after induction of torsion, animals were sacrificed, testes were excised and processed for the light and electron microscopic investigations. In the damaged testis, the majority of seminiferous tubule contained a layer of Sertoli cells with occasional spermatogonia (Fig. 1). Nuclei of these Sertoli cells were highly pleomorphic and contained small chromatinic clumps adjacent to the inner aspect of the nuclear envelope (Fig. 2).

High Heels sebagai Agensi bagi Tubuh Wanita

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Sunandar Macpal ◽  
Fathianabilla Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Body Image Disturbance ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
High Heels ◽  
Experience Pain ◽  
Woman's Body

The aims of this paper is to explain the use of high heels as an agency for a woman's body. Agency context refers to pain in the body but pain is perceived as something positive. In this paper, the method used is a literature review by reviewing writings related to the use of high heels. The findings in this paper that women experience body image disturbance or anxiety because they feel themselves are not beautiful or not attractive. The use of high heels, makes women more attractive and more confident, on the other hand the use of high heels actually makes women feel pain and discomfort. However, for the achievement of beauty standards, women voluntarily allow their bodies to experience pain. However, the agency's willingness to beauty standards here is meaningless without filtering and directly accepted. Instead women keep negotiating with themselves so as to make a decision why use high heels.

EXPRESSION OF SOME IMMUNOLOGIC MARKERS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF SUSPECTED LYMPHOID LESIONS OF LYMPHOMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Mao Nguyen Van ◽  
Thao Le Thi Thu
Keyword(s):  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Tumour Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunologic Markers ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Poor Differentiation ◽  
Benign Tumours

Background: In practice it was difficult or impossible to have a correct diagnosis for the lymphoid proliferation lesions based on only H.E standard histopathology. In addition to histopathology, the application of immunohistochemistry was indispensable for the definitive diagnosis of the malignant or benign tumours and the origin of the tumour cells as well. Objectives: 1. To describe the gross and microscopic features of the suspected lesions of lymphoma; 2. To asses the expression of some immunologic markers for the diagnosis and classification of the suspected lesions of lymphoma. Materials and Method: Cross-sectional research on 81 patients diagnosed by histopathology as lymphomas or suspected lesions of lymphoma, following with immunohistopathology staining of 6 main markers including LCA, CD3, CD20, Bcl2, CD30 and AE1/3. Results: The most site was lymph node 58.1% which appeared at cervical region 72.3%, then the stomach 14.9% and small intestine 12.4%. The other sites in the body were met with lower frequency. Histopathologically, the most type of the lesions was atypical hyperplasia of the lymphoid tissue suspecting the lymphomas 49.4%, lymphomas 34.5%, the other diagnoses were lower including inflammation, poor differentiation carcinoam not excluding the lymphomas, lymphomas differentiating with poor differentiation carcinomas. Immunohistochemistry showed that, LCA, CD3, CD20, Bcl2, CD30 and AE1/3 were all positive depending on such type of tumours. The real lymphomas were 48/81 cases (59.3%), benign ones 35.8% and poor differentiated carcinomas 4.9%. Conclusion: Immunohistochemistry with 6 markers could help to diagnose correctly as benign or malignant lesions, classify and determine the origin of the tumour cells as lymphocytes or epithelial cells diagnosed by histopathology as lymphomas or suspected lesions of lymphomas. Key words: histopathology, immunohistochemistry, lymphomas, poor differentiated carcinomas, hyperplasia, atypicality

Basic Concepts and Definitions of Allergology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Vrucinic
Keyword(s):  
Immune Reaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Medical Vocabulary ◽  
The Future ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Basic Insight ◽  
Insight Into

The future of medicine belongs to immunology and alergology. I tried to not be too wide in description, but on the other hand to mention the most important concepts of alergology to make access to these diseases more understandable, logical and more useful for our patients, that without complex pathophysiology and mechanism of immune reaction,we gain some basic insight into immunological principles. The name allergy to medicine was introduced by Pirquet in 1906, and is of Greek origin (allos-other + ergon-act; different reaction), essentially representing the reaction of an organism to a substance that has already been in contact with it, and manifested as a specific response thatmanifests as either a heightened reaction, a hypersensitivity, or as a reduced reaction immunity. Synonyms for hypersensitivity are: altered reactivity, reaction, hypersensitivity. The word sensitization comes from the Latin (sensibilitas, atis, f.), which means sensibility,sensitivity, and has retained that meaning in medical vocabulary, while in immunology and allergology this term implies the creation of hypersensitivity to an antigen. Antigen comes from the Greek words, anti-anti + genos-genus, the opposite, anti-substance substance that causes the body to produce antibodies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document