Physiology and whole-plant carbon partitioning during stem sugar accumulation in sweet dwarf sorghum

Planta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 254 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin A. Babst ◽  
Abhijit Karve ◽  
Anthony Sementilli ◽  
Ismail Dweikat ◽  
David M. Braun
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Partitioning ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Whole Plant

scholarly journals Whole Plant Photosynthesis, Development, and Carbon Partitioning in Potato as a Function of Temperature

2006 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 1195-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Timlin ◽  
S. M. Lutfor Rahman ◽  
Jeffery Baker ◽  
V. R. Reddy ◽  
David Fleisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Partitioning ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Plant Photosynthesis

scholarly journals Assimilate distribution in bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) during phosphate limitation

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Ciereszko ◽  
Irena Miłosek ◽  
Anna M. Rychter
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Phosphate Deficiency ◽  
Assimilate Transport ◽  
Phosphate Limitation ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Bean Plants

The influence of phosphate deficiency on the increased "C-assimilate transport from shoot to root of bean plants (<em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> L.) was studied. The roots of plants were cultured in split configurations (a half of the root system was exposed to a short-term or long-term culture in phosphate-deficient nutrient medium, while the other half - in complete nutrient medium) to establish the conditions of translocation enhancement. It was found that both short term Pi stress applied to a part of root and longer localized phosphate deficiency is not sufficient to increase assimilate transport from the shoot to the root. Low concentration of Pi in tissues of the whole plant as a signal for changes in assimilate distribution and sugar accumulation in the roots is discussed.

Modelling genetic and environmental control of biomass partitioning at plant and phytomer level of sugarcane grown in controlled environments

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Singels ◽  
N. G. Inman-Bamber
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Control ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Biomass Partitioning ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Sucrose Accumulation ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Multiple Production ◽  
Whole Plant

Sucrose content has reached ceiling levels in several countries despite aggressive crossing and selection programmes aimed at improving this important trait for the sugarcane industry. Much of the recent research effort has been directed towards molecular means for improving sucrose content and while some breakthroughs have been made in the laboratory, no plants modified for this purpose have been grown successfully in the field. Sugarcane grown mainly for its sucrose in the past is now being considered for its fibre content as well because of increased interest in renewable energy. The paper offers an account of the variation in fibre, sucrose and hexoses in aboveground organs in relation to genotype, temperature and water regime with the aim of an improved understanding of biomass partitioning needed to effectively exploit sugarcane’s potential for multiple production streams. Previous studies often focused on single genotypes and on partitioning within stalks and ignored the effects of whole-plant structural partitioning on sugar accumulation. A mathematical model was constructed of biomass partitioning (at whole-plant and phytomer levels) of two high and two low sucrose clones of sugarcane from data collected in two controlled environment experiments, with water and temperature as treatments. The model tested the hypothesis that genetic differences in sucrose accumulation and responses to water and temperature can be explained by differences in plant development and partitioning to structural components such as leaf and stalk fibre. Whole-plant biomass partitioning between leaf, stalk structure and stored sugars was adequately simulated using clone-specific partitioning fractions modified by water status and temperature. Leaf partitioning fractions varied significantly between clones (low sucrose clones had high leaf fractions) but not between treatments. Stalk fibre partitioning fractions did not vary between clones but increased with improved water status and increased temperature. These aspects were mostly represented successfully in the model mainly because partitioning parameters were derived from the same data. Sugar accumulation was simulated, reasonably successfully, as the remainder of the biomass pool after partitioning to structural pools. Phyllochron intervals determined the rate at which phytomers ceased structural growth and commenced sugar accumulation. Low sucrose clones had longer intervals and so started sucrose accumulation later than high sucrose clones. There were also clonal differences in the ratio of hexose to sucrose (low sucrose clones had high ratios) and this could largely be explained by the structural mass fraction present in biomass. Although the data did not allow independent tests of all model assumptions, modelling these experiments did assist in gaining improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms of genetic and environmental control of biomass partitioning at whole-plant and phytomer levels. Results suggest that a way to enhance sucrose yields could be to breed genotypes with appropriate phenological and structural partitioning traits such as rapid phytomer development and low leaf partitioning fractions. This needs to be confirmed by further studies on more genotypes and environments.

PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CARBON PARTITIONING IN SAMANTHA ROSES

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 577-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. JIAO ◽  
M. GILMOUR ◽  
M. J. TSUJITA ◽  
B. GRODZINSKI
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Partitioning ◽  
Rosa Hybrida ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Trifoliate Leaf ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Single Shoot ◽  
Mutual Shading ◽  
Whole Plants

In Rosa hybrida ’Samantha’ roses, all leaves on the flowering shoot had similar photosynthetic capacities at a stage of shoot development when the flower bud first showed red color. Whole plant net CO2 exchange rate (NCER) was 45% lower than that of individual leaves at saturating light levels due to respiration of nonphotosynthetic organs and mutual shading of the leaves in the plant canopy. Decreasing the oxygen concentration to 2% increased the NCER of both individual leaves and whole plants by approximately 15%. Studies with 11CO2 labelling indicated that the translocation speed from the source leaves was approximately 0.27 cm min−1, typical of woody plants. Nearly 60% of the newly fixed 14CO2 was in the sugar fraction predominantly in sucrose. Four hours after labelling only 21–24% of the total 14C-assimilates had been exported from the source leaves. Of the exported 14C, 98% from the first trifoliate leaf and 87% from the fourth leaf were translocated towards the developing flower bud indicating its role as the major sink. Taken together, the data for NCER of leaves and whole plants suggest that a rooted single shoot plant of Samantha roses represents a good model system for both studying flower development and predicting the growth and development of roses in commercial greenhouse canopies.Key words: Rosa hybrida ’Samantha’, photosynthesis, carbon partitioning

Episodic whole plant growth patterns in Ligustrum

1993 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff S. Kuehny ◽  
Mary C. Halbrooks
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Whole Plant

The rare, Georgian wine grape in modern enology

2020 ◽  
pp. 809-823
Author(s):  
Nino Chkhartishvili ◽  
Londa Mamasakhlisashvili ◽  
Irma Tchanturia ◽  
Demetre Bakradze
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Grape Variety ◽  
Wine Grapes ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Genetic Pool ◽  
Grape Varieties

Preserving rare grapes is not just a matter of variety. Recent dna research has shown that unusual and unknown grape varieties provide clues to wine history. During the centuries, 525 Georgian grape varieties had been known but most of them were degenerated. Nowadays, more than 437 rare Georgian vine varieties are preserved in the geo 038 collection of Agricultural Research-Scientific Center, established in 2014 under the Environment Protection and agriculture ministry. Study of the genetic pool of Georgian grape varieties determine the sustainability of the sector and enrichment of the modern wine market. For this reason the studies of the rare aboriginal grape varieties have begun by their ampelography, phenology, chemical, and oeno-caprological characterizes. The aim of this study is to investigate rare, Georgian, aboriginal wine-grapes by their ampelography, chemical and oenolo-caprological characterizes, and to offer different style and aroma wines to the market, enriching the modern wine assortment. The present study investigated firstly the rare Georgian aboriginal grape variety (Chvitiluri) by its characterizes. In this study grapes caprologycal indication, dynamic development of the sugar accumulation, TA and pH in berries, polyphenols extract in skin and seeds, and phenolic compounds were determined. The grape has been compared with Georgian and French wine-grapes and their products as well. The results show that the grape variety - Chvitiluri, and vinification technique (aging on lee) have the significant impact on the total phenol content in wine. White varietal wine contents high alcohol 13,2%, total phenols 733-500mg/l. Wine has specific, varietal characterizes color, taste, aroma. This study indicates that the rare local, aboriginal variety presents the perspective sort for wine production and can be returned in wine production.

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