Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis of Methanol and Chloroform Extracts of Crude Whole Plant and Dried Callus cultures of Munronia pinnata

Planta Medica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
SD Hapuarachchi ◽  
TS Suresh ◽  
WTPSK Senerath
Keyword(s):  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Whole Plant

Microscopic and Phytochemical analysis of Desmodium velutinum (Willd) DC and Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. Panchanga powder

2021 ◽  
pp. 2950-2956
Author(s):  
Jigyasa Pathak ◽  
Aswathi M. P. ◽  
B. R. Patel ◽  
Harisha C. R. ◽  
Shukla Vinay J.
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Wild Edible Plants ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Edible Plants ◽  
Therapeutic Purpose ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Collection Practices

Background: Desmodium velutinum (Fabaceae) is one of the wild edible plants used traditionally to treat diarrhoea, haematuria, infertility and also externally used to treat scorpion bites. Though various parts of the plant have been used for therapeutic purpose, panchanga of the plant has not been studied for its Pharmacognostical and phytochemical characteristics in detail, following scientific parameters. Hence in the present study Desmodium velutinum whole plant has been studied for its pharmacognostical and phytochemical characters and compared with commonly used species Desmodium gangeticum. Methods: Whole plant of Desmodim velutinum was collected from Paikmal, Odisha and Desmodium gangeticum was collected from Junagarh, Gujarat in the month of November 2019 following good collection practices and shade dried. Pharmacognostical study and analytical study were performed following standard pharmacopoeial procedures. Results: Whole plant (Panchanga) of former is sweetish and latter is bitter. Powder microscopy of Desmodium gangeticum showed presence of rhomboidal crystals and lignified annular and spiral vessels. Desmodium velutinum showed presence of prismatic crystals and lignified pitted vessels. Physico-chemical analysis showed higher loss on drying in Desmodium gangeticum, and higher water soluble extractive values of Desmodium velutinum. Phytochemical estimation showed the presence of Proteins, tannins, and carbohydrates in both samples. HPTLC study showed similar Rf value 0.82 and 0.94 at 254 and 0.03 and 0.41 at 366nm. Conclusion: Basing upon the analytical and microscopic similarities Desmodium velutinum may be considered as substitute of Desmodium gangeticum

scholarly journals Pharmacognostical, Physico-Chemical and Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis of Whole Plant of Piper Longum L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 440-449
Author(s):  
Fathima Suman P ◽  
Minhaj . ◽  
I Arthi
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Plant Identification ◽  
Piper Longum ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Physicochemical Evaluation ◽  
Physicochemical Constants

This study deals with the Pharmacognostical physicochemical and phytochemical evaluation of the whole plant of Piper longum L. Pharmacognostical studies include macroscopic, microscopic and physicochemical evaluation. Physicochemical constants showed the values of total ash (10.8%), acid insoluble ash (1.3%), water soluble ash (3.2%), sulphated ash (12%), nitrated ash (1.85%), hot extraction (11.2%), water soluble extractive (4.8%), ethanol soluble extractive (12.4%), ether soluble extractive (5.6%), loss on drying (29%), swelling index (0.33) and mucilage content (0.8%) w/w. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the alcoholic extract showed presents of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, tannins, mucilage, starch, steroid and flavonoids. This study helps to development of different standard parameters of the plant which help the plant identification and authentication. Keywords: Piper longum L., Whole plant, Pharmacognostic, Phytochemical, Extract.

Effect of NaCl on the Growth of Whole Plants and Their Corresponding Callus Cultures

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
MK Smith ◽  
JA Mccomb
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Salt Glands ◽  
Salt Level ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Nutrient Solution Culture ◽  
Whole Plants

The effect of NaCl on growth was examined for whole plants and callus cultures of a salt-sensitive glycophyte (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a salt-tolerant glycophyte (Beta vulgaris L.) and two halophytes (Atriplex undulata D. Dietr., which has salt glands, and Suaeda australis (R. Br.) Moq., a succulent). Whole plants were grown in nutrient solution culture at NaCl concentrations of 0.1-250 mM. Callus cultures were initiated from the same seed stock, and similar saline regimes were imposed. Whole plant responses were characteristic for the various types of plants: P. vulgaris showed a decrease in growth with increasing salinity; B. vulgaris showed a slight increase in growth at the intermediate salt level and a decrease at higher levels; A. undulata and S. australis showed well defined growth optima at 62.5 mM and 125 mM NaCl, respectively. Callus cultures of P. vulgaris and the two halophytes grew very poorly when salinity was increased. Callus of B. vulgaris showed the same tolerance to salt as did the whole plants. Thus salt tolerance of the halophytes depends on the anatomical and physiological complexity of the intact plant while callus from B. vulgaris appears to have a mechanism(s) of salt tolerance which operates at the cellular level.

scholarly journals Tissue Culture Regeneration of a Medicinal Plant from Mexico: Piper auritum Kunth.

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola Domínguez ◽  
Xavier Lozoya ◽  
James Simon
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Piper Auritum ◽  
Growing Conditions

An efficient whole plant regeneration method from callus cultures of Piper auritum was achieved through organogenesis derived from leaf tissue. Proliferating callus and shoot cultures derived from leaf tissue explants placed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.0 mg·L–1 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) plus 1.5 mg·L–1 kinetin. Optimum combination of hormones (mg·L–1) for shoot induction was 0.5 2,4-D: 1.5 mg·L–1 kinetin (by volume), that resulted in a high rooting rate (49.6 shoots per explant). All of the plants elongated when using a medium consisting of 0.1 mg·L–1 2,4-D plus 1 mg·L–1 kinetin. Elongated shoots were successfully rooted (100%) on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg·L–1 indole-3-acetic acid. All plantlets survived to the growing conditions of a greenhouse. This study demonstrates that leaf tissue of P. auritum is competent for adventitious shoot regeneration and establishes an efficient and useful protocol for the multiplication and conservation of P. autirum for further investigation of its medicinally active constituents.

Physiological Adaptation to High Ion Concentrations or Water Deficit by Callus Cultures of Highbush Blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Muralitharan ◽  
SF Chandler ◽  
RFMV Steveninck
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Callus Line ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Whole Plant

Callus cultures of highbush blueberry were selected for 10 passages on medium supplemented with 50 rnol m-3 NaCl, 50 rnol m-3 KCl, 25 mol m-3 Na2SO4, 25 mol m-3 K2SO4 or 100 mol m-3 mannitol. On all salts, growth of selected callus was greater (200-250%) than that of non-selected callus, and selected callus grew optimally on the type of salt on which it was selected. Conventional (whole plant analysis) and electron probe X-ray microanalysis showed that selected callus accumulated more ions (approximately 1.5-3.0-fold) than non-selected callus on all salts, and there was a positive correlation between vacuolar ion concentration and fresh weight. Growth of NaCl-selected callus but not non-selected callus was greatly enhanced (2.25-fold) in the presence of 100 mol m-3 mannitol, while growth of a mannitol-selected callus line was also enhanced. In callus grown on NaCl or mannitol, slight increases in levels of glycinebetaine, choline and proline were measured. Sucrose, glucose, fructose, sorbitol and malate concentrations significantly increased in callus grown on NaCl or mannitol, and selected callus produced 4-fold more sugars than non-selected callus. The total increases in concentrations of all measured sugars were 210 μmol gFW-1 in NaCl-selected callus grown on 50 mol m-3 NaCl, and 296 μmol gFW-1 in mannitol selected callus grown on 100 rnol m-3 mannitol. The results of this study indicate that adaptation of blueberry callus cultures for optimal growth on salt-containing media is probably due to adaptation to water stress, not tolerance to specific ions. Osmotic adjustment, achieved by ion uptake and production of sugars, appears to be the physiological mechanism of adaptation.

Phytochemical contents of a local food plant Saekan (Mollugo oppositofolia Linn.) in Pandi, Bulacan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-207
Author(s):  
Mark Anthony Tingson ◽  
Alma Politano
Keyword(s):  
Local Food ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Plant Sample ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Plant Industry ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
The Family ◽  
Phytochemical Contents ◽  
Scientific Name

The present study was undertaken to confirm the phytochemical contents of Saekan (Mollugo oppositofolia Linn.) The plant sample was first confirmed by the Bureau of Plant Industry with a scientific name Mollugo oppositofolia Linn. and a common name Saekan/Papait/Salsalida plant under the family Aizoaceae. The results from a phytochemical analysis of about 500 grams of dried whole plant sample in the Chemistry Laboratory of the Department of Science and Technology Region III (DOST III) Office confirmed that alkaloidal compounds, a phytochemical with antimicrobial, anthelminthic, and antidiarrheal properties were present due to the formation of turbidity or white precipitate using Meyer Test; a reddish-brown layer that turned to blue/purple showed in the Keller-Killiani Test proved the presence of glycosides which has anti-diarrheal properties; and Saponins were found to be in the plant using Froth Test due to a formation of froth which has anthelmintic, antidiarrheal, and anticancer properties.

scholarly journals RAPID IN VITRO CALLOGENESIS AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF LEAF, STEM AND LEAF CALLUS OF MUSSAENDA FRONDOSA LINN. - A MEDICINAL PLANT.

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manasa Dj ◽  
Chandrashekar Kr ◽  
Bhagya N
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

Objective: To standardise the protocol for rapid callogenesis in Mussaenda frondosa L. using leaf explants. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of leaf, stem and callus cultures.Methods: The leaf explants were inoculated onto MS medium supplemented with varying concentrations of growth regulators such as 2, 4 - D, NAA, BAP, Kn for the induction of callus. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of total phenol, flavonoids and alkaloids contents of leaf, stem and callus were tested by standard methods.  The antioxidant activities were investigated using DPPH radical scavenging method and reducing power assay. The anti - inflammatory activity was evaluated by membrane stabilizing activity.Results: Pale green, healthy, friable and fast growing callus was obtained on the medium enriched with NAA (2mg/l) + Kn (4mg/l). Quantitative determination showed the highest concentration of total phenolics in the methanolic extract of in vitro grown callus (10 ± 1.1 mg of GA/g of extract), flavonoids in methanolic stem extract (137±1.6 mg of Quercitin/g of extract) and alkaloids in methanolic extract of leaf (118.3±1.5 mg/10g of extract). The methanolic leaf extract exhibited highest free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 40.6±10.06 μg/ml. The highest membrane stabilizing activity was shown by chloroform extract of the leaf (66.02%).Conclusion: The present preliminary phytochemical and pharmacological analysis may form the basis for drug development in future using callus cultures of M. frondosa.   

scholarly journals Evolvulus alsinoides (Linn.) Linn.: A Revitalizer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshavardhini Kuppusamy R ◽  
Jananipriya Srinivasan ◽  
Pavithra Sundaramoorthy ◽  
Kannan Kilavan Packiam
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Ayurvedic Medicine ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Evolvulus Alsinoides ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Cytotoxicity Effects

Herbal medicines are utilized as traditional and alternative therapy to precisely restore declining metabolic functions. Herbal bioactive claims its rewards for their effectiveness, safety, and acceptability. Evolvulus alsinoides (Linn.) Linn. is a Virya herb from Convolvulaceae with Tridoshhara, Majjadhatu Rasayan, Vajikarak, Chedan, and Nidrajanan properties. In Ayurvedic medicine, the whole plant is used in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases as brain tonic, amnesia and asthma, epilepsy and as a hepatoprotective. The phytochemical analysis has reported the existence of biomolecules such as β-sitosterol, scopolin, scopoletin, umbelliferon, triacontane, shankpushpine and betaine. A thorough review of classical as well as contemporary literature study has been done on Evolvulus alsinoides (Linn.) Linn. to validate the pharmacological actions and cytotoxicity effects on various cell lines.

scholarly journals Phytochemical composition and pharmacological assessment of callus and parent plant of Asteriscus graveolens (Forssk.) Less. from Algerian Sahara

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1895-1901
Author(s):  
Fairouz Belhadi ◽  
Saida Ouafi ◽  
Nadia Bouguedoura
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Purpose: To determine the phytochemical composition, acute toxicity, as well as analgesic and antiinflammatory properties of extracts of the aerial parts and callus cultures of Asteriscus graveolens.Methods: Different standard chemical tests were used for the screening of bioactive compounds in aqueous extracts of aerial parts of Asteriscus graveolens (PAE) and callus (CAE). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was performed to identify the constituents of the glycosidic extract (GE). Acute oral toxicity test was carried out to ascertain the safety of the plant material. The analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the extracts were determined using acetic acid-induced writhing test and carrageenan-induced edema test, respectively.Results: Phytochemical analysis showed some differences in composition between the aerial parts and callus cultures. Results from HPLC analysis revealed the presence of 12 phenolic compounds in the GE of adult plants. In addition to being orally safe (no mortality), all extracts showed significant inhibition of acetic acid-induced chemical pain: PAE and GE produced 63 and 68 % reductions in pain, respectively, relative to 60.26 % pain reduction by aspirin. All extracts exerted potent anti-inflammatory effects, with PAE producing the highest effect (73 %) at a dose of 100 mg/mL.Conclusion: Asteriscus graveolens extracts possess potent pharmacological properties due to the presence of some phenolic compounds, especially flavonoids. These findings provide a scientific basis for the traditional uses of Asteriscus graveolens, and indicate that it is a potential source of antiinflammatory agents. Keywords: Acute toxicity, Anti-nociceptive, Anti-inflammatory, Aqueous extract, Callus, Flavonoids

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