Higher fraction of inspired oxygen in anesthesia induction does not affect functional residual capacity reduction after intubation: a comparative study of higher and lower oxygen concentration

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Kanaya ◽  
Daizoh Satoh ◽  
Shin Kurosawa
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Functional Residual Capacity ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Capacity Reduction ◽  
Lower Oxygen ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
Fraction Of Inspired Oxygen ◽  
Inspired Oxygen ◽  
Lower Oxygen Concentration

Morphology controlled deposition of ZnO single micro-nanorods

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 524-528
Author(s):  
Lina Wang ◽  
Ailing Zou ◽  
Jitong Liu ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Dan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Chemical Vapor Deposition Method ◽  
Oxygen Defect ◽  
Simple Chemical ◽  
Lower Oxygen ◽  
Controlled Deposition ◽  
Extrinsic Feature ◽  
Lower Oxygen Concentration

The ZnO micro-nanorods are controlledly synthesized by a simple chemical vapor deposition method. With different oxygen concentrations the micro-nanorods exhibit different extrinsic feature and length. Under lower oxygen concentration, the micro-nanorods are up to 1670 μm in length which can be easily operated in singlecrystalline. When the oxygen concentration up to 30 sccm, the surface of the sample is smoother. The Raman spectra reveal that ZnO micro-nanorods have an excellent hexagonal wurtzite structure. However, the micronanorods synthesized during lower oxygen concentration exhibit more oxygen defect. The morphology controlling deposition of ZnO mircro-nanorods were realized by adjust the concentration of oxygen, which has great significance for further gas sensor application.

scholarly journals Ventilation heterogeneity measured by multiple breath inert gas testing is not affected by inspired oxygen concentration in healthy humans

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 1379-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan R. Hopkins ◽  
Ann R. Elliott ◽  
G. Kim Prisk ◽  
Chantal Darquenne
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Ventilation Distribution ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Ventilation Heterogeneity ◽  
Multiple Breath Washout ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
Gaussian Fit ◽  
Inspired Oxygen

Multiple breath washout (MBW) and oxygen-enhanced MRI techniques use acute exposure to 100% oxygen to measure ventilation heterogeneity. Implicit is the assumption that breathing 100% oxygen does not induce changes in ventilation heterogeneity; however, this is untested. We hypothesized that ventilation heterogeneity decreases with increasing inspired oxygen concentration in healthy subjects. We performed MBW in 8 healthy subjects (4 women, 4 men; age = 43 ± 15 yr) with normal pulmonary function (FEV1 = 98 ± 6% predicted) using 10% argon as a tracer gas and oxygen concentrations of 12.5%, 21%, or 90%. MBW was performed in accordance with ERS-ATS guidelines. Subjects initially inspired air followed by a wash-in of test gas. Tests were performed in balanced order in triplicate. Gas concentrations were measured at the mouth, and argon signals rescaled to mimic a N2 washout, and analyzed to determine the distribution of specific ventilation (SV). Heterogeneity was characterized by the width of a log-Gaussian fit of the SV distribution and from Sacin and Scond indexes derived from the phase III slope. There were no significant differences in the ventilation heterogeneity due to altered inspired oxygen: histogram width (hypoxia 0.57 ± 0.11, normoxia 0.60 ± 0.08, hyperoxia 0.59 ± 0.09, P = 0.51), Scond (hypoxia 0.014 ± 0.011, normoxia 0.012 ± 0.015, hyperoxia 0.010 ± 0.011, P = 0.34), or Sacin (hypoxia 0.11 ± 0.04, normoxia 0.10 ± 0.03, hyperoxia 0.12 ± 0.03, P = 0.23). Functional residual capacity was increased in hypoxia ( P = 0.04) and dead space increased in hyperoxia ( P = 0.0001) compared with the other conditions. The acute use of 100% oxygen in MBW or MRI is unlikely to affect ventilation heterogeneity. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Hyperoxia is used to measure the distribution of ventilation in imaging and MBW but may alter the underlying ventilation distribution. We used MBW to evaluate the effect of inspired oxygen concentration on the ventilation distribution using 10% argon as a tracer. Short-duration exposure to hypoxia (12.5% oxygen) and hyperoxia (90% oxygen) during MBW had no significant effect on ventilation heterogeneity, suggesting that hyperoxia can be used to assess the ventilation distribution.

A nitric oxide-sensitive electrode: Requirement of lower oxygen concentration for detecting nitric oxide from the tissue

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukisato Ishida ◽  
Michio Hashimoto ◽  
Shoju Fukushima ◽  
Sumio Masumura ◽  
Tetsuya Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Lower Oxygen ◽  
Sensitive Electrode ◽  
Lower Oxygen Concentration

Respiratory Regulation in Ephemera Simulans Walker and Hexagenia Limbata (Serville) (Ephemeroptera)

1963 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-468
Author(s):  
CLYDE H. ERIKSEN
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Respiratory Regulation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lower Oxygen ◽  
Hexagenia Limbata ◽  
Lower Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

1. This study shows that Ephemera simulans and Hexagenia limbata are respiratory regulators and how it is that regulation is attained and maintained. 2. Nymphs, 17-24 mm. in length, were acclimated in the laboratory at 13.o° C. for 24 hr. Oxygen consumption experiments employed the ‘closed-bottle’ technique and several modifications. 3. When studied in bottles containing no substrate, both species appeared to be respiratory adjustors. 4. Using ‘optimal substrates’ and a wide range of oxygen concentrations, both species proved to be respiratory regulators. 5. As the oxygen concentration decreased, respiratory regulation was attained by initiating and increasing a flow of water past the body surfaces by the bailer action of beating gills. The volume passed was proportional to the number of gill beats which, in turn, was influenced by the size of the gills. The larger gills of Hexagenia beat at a slower rate to produce the same current as Ephemera and potentially they were capable of producing a significantly greater current and, hence, could regulate to a lower oxygen concentration.

Pronation Technique in ARDS Patients

ABOUTOPEN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Raffaele Di Fenza ◽  
Hedwige Gay ◽  
Martina Favarato ◽  
Isabella Fontana ◽  
Roberto Fumagalli
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Volume Distribution ◽  
Intensive Care Unit Staff ◽  
Safe Technique ◽  
Fraction Of Inspired Oxygen ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Inspired Oxygen

In severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), characterized by the ratio of arterial partial pressure of oxygen over fraction of inspired oxygen (P/F) less than 150 mm Hg, pronation cycles are the only intervention that showed improved survival, in combination with protective ventilation. The physiological advantages of performing pronation cycles, such as the improvement of oxygenation, better tidal volume distribution with increased involvement of dorsal regions, and easier drainage of secretions, overcome the possible complications, that is, endotracheal tube occlusion or misplacement, pressure ulcers, and brachial plexus injury. However, the incidence of complications is dramatically lower in intensive care units with expertise, adopting prone positioning in daily practice. In this video we are proposing step by step an easy and ergonomic technique to perform pronation maneuvers in patients with severe ARDS. Recent literature suggests that a high percentage of these patients are treated without undergoing pronation cycles. The main purpose of this video is to help increase the number of intensive care units worldwide commonly performing pronation cycles in patients that have indications to be pronated, in order to decrease healthcare burden and costs directly caused by ARDS. Proper intensive care unit staff training is fundamental in minimizing the risks associated with the maneuver for both patients and operators; and diffusion of a safe technique encouraging the operators is the second main purpose of this video.

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